SQL将一行拆分为四行

我有一个SQL数据库，有七列，如下所示

version1; 1993; name; 233; 254; 291; 244
version1; 1994; name; 333; 354; 391; 344 

最后四列表示季度值​​我想每行提取一个值，所以每行被提取为四行。此外，我想添加一个值（一个跟踪提供的季度的列）。希望上面的两个数据行报告为

version1; 1993; 1; name, 233
version1; 1993; 2; name; 254
version1; 1993; 3; name; 291
version1; 1993; 4; name; 244
version1; 1994; 1; name, 333
version1; 1994; 2; name; 354
version1; 1994; 3; name; 391
version1; 1994; 4; name; 344

有什么简单的方法可以做到这一点吗

---

提前感谢

这将为您提供所需格式的输出：

SELECT version, year, name, '1', quarter_1 FROM table

UNION

SELECT version, year, name, '2', quarter_2 FROM table

UNION

...

SELECT version, year, 1 as 'quarter', name, quarter1_value 
FROM myTable

UNION

SELECT version, year, 2 as 'quarter', name, quarter2_value 
FROM myTable

UNION

SELECT version, year, 3 as 'quarter', name, quarter3_value 
FROM myTable

UNION

SELECT version, year, 4 as 'quarter', name, quarter4_value 
FROM myTable

---

这将为您提供所需格式的输出：

SELECT version, year, 1 as 'quarter', name, quarter1_value 
FROM myTable

UNION

SELECT version, year, 2 as 'quarter', name, quarter2_value 
FROM myTable

UNION

SELECT version, year, 3 as 'quarter', name, quarter3_value 
FROM myTable

UNION

SELECT version, year, 4 as 'quarter', name, quarter4_value 
FROM myTable

---

您可以使用四个季度对表进行交叉联接，然后使用case语句选择适当的季度：

SELECT
  ORIG_TABLE.VERSION,
  ORIG_TABLE.YEAR,
  QUARTER_NAMES.Q_NAME,
  ORIG_TABLE.NAME,
  CASE QUARTER_NAMES.Q_NAME
    WHEN 1 
      THEN ORIG_TABLE.Q1_VALUE
    WHEN 2
      THEN ORIG_TABLE.Q2_VALUE
    WHEN 3
      THEN ORIG_TABLE.Q3_VALUE
    WHEN 4
      THEN ORIG_TABLE.Q4_VALUE
 END Q_VALUE
FROM
  ORIG_TABLE
    CROSS JOIN 
    (
       SELECT 1 Q_NAME
       UNION SELECT 2 Q_NAME
       UNION SELECT 3 Q_NAME
       UNION SELECT 4 Q_NAME
    ) QUARTER_NAMES

---

您可以使用四个季度对表进行交叉联接，然后使用case语句选择适当的季度：

SELECT
  ORIG_TABLE.VERSION,
  ORIG_TABLE.YEAR,
  QUARTER_NAMES.Q_NAME,
  ORIG_TABLE.NAME,
  CASE QUARTER_NAMES.Q_NAME
    WHEN 1 
      THEN ORIG_TABLE.Q1_VALUE
    WHEN 2
      THEN ORIG_TABLE.Q2_VALUE
    WHEN 3
      THEN ORIG_TABLE.Q3_VALUE
    WHEN 4
      THEN ORIG_TABLE.Q4_VALUE
 END Q_VALUE
FROM
  ORIG_TABLE
    CROSS JOIN 
    (
       SELECT 1 Q_NAME
       UNION SELECT 2 Q_NAME
       UNION SELECT 3 Q_NAME
       UNION SELECT 4 Q_NAME
    ) QUARTER_NAMES

---

您可以创建sql视图。使用基于索引返回行的sql拆分函数。您可以从链接中获得一些帮助，您可以创建sql视图。使用基于索引返回行的sql拆分函数。您可以从链接中获得一些帮助

您可以使用

UNION

获得所需的结果。这适用于MySQL和SQL Server。您可以像这样使用

UNION

：

SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT version, year, 1 as 'quarter', name, quarter1_value FROM tt
UNION
SELECT version, year, 2 as 'quarter', name, quarter2_value FROM tt
UNION
SELECT version, year, 3 as 'quarter', name, quarter3_value FROM tt
UNION
SELECT version, year, 4 as 'quarter', name, quarter4_value FROM tt
) a
Order by Year, QUARTER

---

您可以使用

UNION

来实现所需的结果。这适用于MySQL和SQL Server。您可以像这样使用

UNION

：

SELECT * FROM
(
SELECT version, year, 1 as 'quarter', name, quarter1_value FROM tt
UNION
SELECT version, year, 2 as 'quarter', name, quarter2_value FROM tt
UNION
SELECT version, year, 3 as 'quarter', name, quarter3_value FROM tt
UNION
SELECT version, year, 4 as 'quarter', name, quarter4_value FROM tt
) a
Order by Year, QUARTER

---

没有提供DBMS，所以我将抛出几个特定于SQL Server的DBMS以防万一

-- SAMPLE DATA
DECLARE @T TABLE (Version VARCHAR(15), Year INT, Name VARCHAR(5), Col1 INT, Col2 INT, Col3 INT, Col4 INT)
INSERT @T VALUES
    ('version1', 1993, 'name', 233, 254, 291, 244),
    ('version1', 1994, 'name', 333, 354, 391, 344)

-- CROSS APPLY VALUES
SELECT  Version, Year, RowNum, Name, Value
FROM    @T
        CROSS APPLY 
        (   VALUES 
                (Col1, 1), 
                (Col2, 2), 
                (Col3, 3), 
                (Col4, 4)
        ) t (Value, RowNum)

-- UNPIVOT
SELECT  Version, Year, REPLACE(RowNum, 'Col', '') [RowNum], Name, Value
FROM    @T
        UNPIVOT
        (   Value
            FOR RowNum IN ([Col1], [Col2], [Col3], [Col4])
        ) upvt

---

没有提供DBMS，所以我将抛出几个特定于SQL Server的DBMS以防万一

-- SAMPLE DATA
DECLARE @T TABLE (Version VARCHAR(15), Year INT, Name VARCHAR(5), Col1 INT, Col2 INT, Col3 INT, Col4 INT)
INSERT @T VALUES
    ('version1', 1993, 'name', 233, 254, 291, 244),
    ('version1', 1994, 'name', 333, 354, 391, 344)

-- CROSS APPLY VALUES
SELECT  Version, Year, RowNum, Name, Value
FROM    @T
        CROSS APPLY 
        (   VALUES 
                (Col1, 1), 
                (Col2, 2), 
                (Col3, 3), 
                (Col4, 4)
        ) t (Value, RowNum)

-- UNPIVOT
SELECT  Version, Year, REPLACE(RowNum, 'Col', '') [RowNum], Name, Value
FROM    @T
        UNPIVOT
        (   Value
            FOR RowNum IN ([Col1], [Col2], [Col3], [Col4])
        ) upvt

---

为此，您可以使用

UNION ALL

或

UNPIVOT

<代码>取消PIVOT在所有RDBMS上都不可用

UNION ALL

（请参阅）：

UNPIVOT

（请参阅）：

---

为此，您可以使用

UNION ALL

或

UNPIVOT

<代码>取消PIVOT在所有RDBMS上都不可用

UNION ALL

（请参阅）：

UNPIVOT

（请参阅）：

哪个SQL？（我的SQL、SQL Server等）哪种SQL？（我的SQL、SQL Server等）