Unix 列出shell脚本使用的所有文件

我有一个ksh脚本，它调用许多其他脚本。这些脚本还具有指向更多脚本的execute语句，并使用更多配置文件。如果所有这些脚本和配置文件都不在同一个文件夹中，那么如何查找执行的每个脚本的名称和位置以及执行主脚本时使用的配置文件？

您可以使用

strace

实用程序跟踪进程及其子进程进行的系统调用

例如，给定访问同一目录中的文件和系统上其他位置的文件的简单脚本：

$ cat strace-test.sh
#!/bin/sh
cat local-file.txt > /dev/null
cat /etc/issue > /dev/null

下面是在执行该脚本时运行strace的输出：

$ strace -q -f -t -e trace=openat bash strace-test.sh
01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 3
01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gconv/gconv-modules.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3
01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "strace-test.sh", O_RDONLY) = 3
[pid 24729] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/dev/null", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0666) = 3
[pid 24729] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[pid 24729] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[pid 24729] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[pid 24729] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "local-file.txt", O_RDONLY) = 3
[pid 24729] 01:42:10 +++ exited with 0 +++
01:42:10 --- SIGCHLD {si_signo=SIGCHLD, si_code=CLD_EXITED, si_pid=24729, si_uid=1000, si_status=0, si_utime=0, si_stime=0} ---
[pid 24730] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/dev/null", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0666) = 3
[pid 24730] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[pid 24730] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[pid 24730] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[pid 24730] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/etc/issue", O_RDONLY) = 3
[pid 24730] 01:42:10 +++ exited with 0 +++
01:42:10 --- SIGCHLD {si_signo=SIGCHLD, si_code=CLD_EXITED, si_pid=24730, si_uid=1000, si_status=0, si_utime=0, si_stime=0} ---
01:42:10 +++ exited with 0 +++

在该输出中有两行记录了预期的文件访问：

...
[pid 24729] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "local-file.txt", O_RDONLY) = 3
...
[pid 24730] 01:42:10 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/etc/issue", O_RDONLY) = 3
...

当然，在执行实际工作的真实脚本中，您将有更多的输出要查看。这就是

grep

帮助搜索的地方

$ sh -c "strace -q -f -t -e trace=openat bash strace-test.sh" 2>&1 \
  | grep openat \  # only match lines that include "openat"
  | grep -v -E '(.so|/usr/lib|/dev)'  # exclude lines that match 
                                      # "uninteresting" files
[pid 22711] 15:02:35 openat(AT_FDCWD, "local-file.txt", O_RDONLY) = 3
[pid 22712] 15:02:35 openat(AT_FDCWD, "/etc/issue", O_RDONLY) = 3