Windows 批处理到PowerShell语言转换

我在DOS中的批处理脚本处理速度很慢，所以有人建议我使用powershell。我现在是第一次在windows上运行它，但在今天之前我从未使用过它。我听说它类似于批处理脚本，所以我目前正在将批处理脚本转换为powershell脚本。下面是我到目前为止转换一半的脚本：

# ask user for network share and file that they would like to search
$textFilePath = Read-Host Please enter filesystem location of "filenames.txt". Include drive letter or // at start of path
$uncPath = Read-Host Please enter the UNC path you would like to search. Include // at start of path.

# REM check if network path is available. If it is, search network directory for files with same name as the strings in filenames.txt
IF (Test-Path %uncPath%) {
    echo Network Path Exists. Searching %uncPath% for files with same name and extension as filenames in the filenames.txt file 
    for (/r %uncPath% %%G IN (*)) {for (/F "tokens=*" %%i in (%textFilePath%)) {if (%%~nxG==%%i) {echo %%~nxG,%%~fG >> filenamesOutput.txt}}}
    pause
}

IF (!(Test-Path exist %uncPath%)) {
    echo File not found
    GOTO:userInput
}

我目前正在学习powershell命令，并将批处理命令更改为powershell。如果您能帮助转换，我们将不胜感激

编辑后：

以下是我的原始批处理脚本：

@echo off

echo Please enter filesystem location of "filenames.txt". (Include Drive letter or // at start of path)
set /p textFilePath=Enter The Value:%=%
:userInput
REM ask user for network share and file that they would like to search
echo Please enter the UNC path you would like to search. (Include // at start of path)
set /p uncPath=Enter The Value:%=%

REM check if network path is available. If it is, search network directory for files with same name as the strings in filenames.txt
IF exist %uncPath% (
    echo Network Path Exists. Searching %uncPath% for files with same name and extension as filenames in the filenames.txt file
    for /r %uncPath% %%G IN (*) DO for /F "tokens=*" %%i in (%textFilePath%) DO if %%~nxG==%%i echo %%~nxG,%%~fG >> filenamesOutput.txt
    pause
)

IF NOT exist %uncPath% (
    echo File not found
    GOTO:userInput
)

第二次编辑后：

$VerbosePreference = "continue"

# ask user for network share and file that they would like to search
$textFilePath = Read-Host Please enter filesystem location of     "filenames.txt". Include drive letter or // at start of path
$uncPath = Read-Host Please enter the UNC path you would like to search. Include // at start of path.

# check if network path is available. If it is, search network directory for     files with same name as the strings in filenames.txt
IF (Test-Path $uncPath){
    echo "Network Path Exists. Searching $uncPath for files with same name and extension as filenames in the filenames.txt file"
    foreach($file in Get-ChildItem $uncPath -Recurse) {
        # Get-Content reads in a file, line by line
        foreach($line in Get-Content $_.FullName) {
            # if goes in here
            if($file.Name -eq $line){
                echo $file.Name
                "{0},{1}" -f $file.Name,$file.FullName | Out-File filenamesOutput2.txt -Append
            }
        }
    }
Write-Host -NoNewLine 'Press any key to continue...';
$null = $Host.UI.RawUI.ReadKey('NoEcho,IncludeKeyDown');
}



IF (!(Test-Path $uncPath)){
    echo "UNC path not found"
    Write-Host -NoNewLine 'Press any key to continue...';
    $null = $Host.UI.RawUI.ReadKey('NoEcho,IncludeKeyDown');
}

变量： 在PowerShell中，变量引用的前缀总是

$

（与PHP或Perl中的情况非常相似）

因此，在cmd/batch中分配和取消引用的任何变量如下：

set /p varname= somevalue
echo %varname%

PowerShell中的将被视为（请注意，赋值和取消引用之间没有区别）：

因此，您的

存在

/

测试路径

语句应该是：

if(Test-Path $uncPath){
    # Loops in here
    # "#" starts is a single-line comment btw
}

---

For循环： 在cmd中，根据第一个开关的不同，for循环构造的

行为不同：


for/r
大致意思是“通过文件系统树递归循环”
for/f
大致意思是“循环文件中的令牌”

需要注意的是，cmd for循环使用前缀
%%
表示的参数（如示例中的
%%G
或
%%i
）

PowerShell没有这个概念，只是在循环中使用变量。因此，您的
for/r
和
for/f
循环变成：

# Get-ChildItem is equivalent to the "dir" command
# The -Recurse is pretty self-explanatory ( = /S) 
foreach($file in Get-ChildItem $uncPath -Recurse) {
   # Get-Content reads in a file, line by line
   foreach($line in Get-Content $textFilePath) {
        # if goes in here
    }
}


参数修改器：
在cmd中，参数（如
%%G
）后面可以跟一系列修饰符


%%~nG
表示“将
%%G
视为路径，返回不带扩展名的名称”
%%~xG
表示“将
%%G
视为路径，返回文件扩展名”

因此，
%%~nxG
自然意味着“返回扩展名为的文件名”

在PowerShell中，所有内容都是.NET对象，对于
$file
，它是一个对象。从
FileInfo
对象中，文件名（带扩展名）存储在
Name
属性中，因此您的
if
语句：

if %%~nxG==%%i 

变成：

if($file.Name -eq $line){
    # echo and output goes in here
}


%%~fG
表示“将
%%G
视为一个路径，给我完整的根路径”

同样，由于
$file
是
FileInfo
对象，因此可以从
FullName
属性访问完整路径：

"{0},{1}" -f $file.Name,$file.FullName | Out-File filenamesOutput.txt -Append

-f
操作符是.NET版本的
sprintf
的简化语法快捷方式


最终导致如下结果：

# ask user for network share and file that they would like to search
$textFilePath = Read-Host 'Please enter filesystem location of "filenames.txt". Include drive letter or \\ at start of path'
$uncPath = Read-Host 'Please enter the UNC path you would like to search. Include \\ at start of path.'

# check if network path is available. If it is, search network directory for files with same name as the strings in filenames.txt
if (Test-Path $uncPath) {
    Write-Host "Network Path Exists. Searching $uncPath for files with same name and extension as filenames in the filenames.txt file"

    foreach($file in Get-ChildItem $uncPath) {
        foreach($line in Get-Content $textFilePath) {
            if($file.Name -eq $line){
                '"{0}","{1}"' -f $file.Name,$file.FullName | Out-File filenamesOutput.txt -Append
            }
        }
    }
    pause
} else {
    Write-Host "File not found"
}

使用原始批处理脚本可能比使用混合脚本更容易：）@MathiasR.Jessen抱歉。我没想过。包括我原来的批脚本上面。这是这么多的信息，谢谢！我的脚本是用powershell编写的，除了一行，第13行带有echo语句。对于该行，我是将
$file.Name
和
$file.Fullname
回显到一个文本文件中，并在它们之间加一个逗号以写入该文本文件，还是使用
写入主机
？如果使用
写入主机
，则该字符串将直接写入主机（控制台窗口），并且永远不会出现在文件中。在我的回答中，
“{0}”-f$var
表达式构造了一个字符串，然后通过管道传输到
Out File
cmdlet，该cmdlet将其写入文件。今天我将阅读更多内容并对其进行消化，但感谢您提供的所有信息，我很快学到了很多。在格式字符串周围使用单引号：
“{0}”，“{1}”“-f$file.Name，$file.FullName
或使用两个连续的双引号对双引号进行转义：
“{0}”、“{1}”“”-f$file.Name，$file.FullName
# ask user for network share and file that they would like to search
$textFilePath = Read-Host 'Please enter filesystem location of "filenames.txt". Include drive letter or \\ at start of path'
$uncPath = Read-Host 'Please enter the UNC path you would like to search. Include \\ at start of path.'

# check if network path is available. If it is, search network directory for files with same name as the strings in filenames.txt
if (Test-Path $uncPath) {
    Write-Host "Network Path Exists. Searching $uncPath for files with same name and extension as filenames in the filenames.txt file"

    foreach($file in Get-ChildItem $uncPath) {
        foreach($line in Get-Content $textFilePath) {
            if($file.Name -eq $line){
                '"{0}","{1}"' -f $file.Name,$file.FullName | Out-File filenamesOutput.txt -Append
            }
        }
    }
    pause
} else {
    Write-Host "File not found"
}