Android 运行gradlew测试时出现Robolectry错误

尝试运行

gradlew test

或

gradlew testDebugUnitTest

由于这个错误

> Task :app:testDebugUnitTest 
WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers$7 (file:/C:/Users/a.yasser/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.robolectric/shadowapi/3.8/d638f001e81ef737bb35db2964312360cc996a94/shadowapi-3.8.jar)
to method java.lang.ClassLoader.getPackage(java.lang.String)
WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers$7
WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release

ash.gaseelydriver.ui.activities.MainActivityTest > shouldNotBeNull FAILED
    java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError
        Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException
            Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException
                Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException

只有当我从命令行运行时，这个问题才会发生。我尝试了多种解决方案，但都没有成功，包括

• 删除.gradle文件
• delete.idea\libraries
• 删除清理/重建项目
• 降级和升级robolectric版本
• 将我的整个项目编译版本和taget sdk升级到28
• 将渐变从3.1.2升级到3.2.0

这是格雷德尔档案

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 28
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "ash.gaseelydriver"
        minSdkVersion 17
        targetSdkVersion 28
        versionCode 2
        versionName "1.1"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    signingConfigs {
        release {
            storeFile file('ASH_Mobile.jks')
            storePassword "Ahmedsh125"
            keyAlias "ash_mobile"
            keyPassword "Ahmedsh125"
        }
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            zipAlignEnabled true
            signingConfig signingConfigs.release
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    testOptions {
        unitTests {
            includeAndroidResources = true
        }
    }
    buildToolsVersion '28.0.2'
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support:design:28.0.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:28.0.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
    implementation 'com.android.support:support-v4:28.0.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:28.0.0'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:16.0.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-places:16.0.0'
    implementation 'com.wang.avi:library:2.1.3'
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.3.0'
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava2:2.3.0'
    implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxandroid:2.0.1'
    implementation 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.5.1'
    annotationProcessor 'com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:8.5.1'
    implementation 'com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.5.2'
    implementation 'com.intuit.sdp:sdp-android:1.0.4'
    implementation 'com.intuit.ssp:ssp-android:1.0.5'
    implementation 'com.nineoldandroids:library:2.4.0'
    implementation 'me.dm7.barcodescanner:zxing:1.9.8'
    testImplementation "org.robolectric:robolectric:3.8"
    testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-core:2.7.22'
    androidTestImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-android:2.7.22'
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-database:16.0.3'
    implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:16.0.4'
    testImplementation 'com.openpojo:openpojo:0.8.10'
}
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'

下面是一个示例测试类

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
@Config(constants = BuildConfig.class, sdk = 27)
public class MainActivityTest {

    private MainActivity activity;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        activity = Robolectric.buildActivity(MainActivity.class).create()
                .resume()
                .get();
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldNotBeNull() throws Exception {
        assertNotNull(activity);
    }

---

使用CLIs时，gradle将使用安装在您机器上的java版本。在我的例子中，安装在我机器上的Java版本是版本10，Android还不支持该版本。 您的测试是在Android Studio上运行的，因为它使用Android支持的嵌入式JDK。 现在要解决您的问题，首先通过运行以下命令检查机器上安装的Java版本：

java -version

如果版本为1.10.xxx，则应：

通过此下载并安装JDK 8

通过在bash_概要文件（在Mac上）中添加这一行，将环境变量JAVA_HOME指向新安装的JDK 8路径：

export JAVA_HOME=“$”（/usr/libexec/JAVA_HOME-v1.8）”

通过新的终端窗口重新运行测试