如何在Ubuntu中使用Appium进行Android单元测试

我想使用Appium对HelloWorld Android应用程序进行一个简单的单元测试。我的Android应用程序有一个活动，当它加载到屏幕上后，它会在文本视图上显示“Hello World”。我想要的是使用Python编写一个单元测试用例，它按照我的预期工作，并使用Appium进行测试

我不能理解的主要事情是我的Android项目、Appium和Python脚本之间的联系

我想我已经在Ubuntu-12.04中正确配置了Appium。当我在终端中发出以下命令时

anuja@anuja-MulTplx:~$ appium &

它给出了以下回应

anuja@anuja-MulTplx:~$info:Appium REST http接口侦听器 从0.0.0.0:4723开始

我已经用SeleniumWebDriver编写了用于web单元测试的简单Python脚本。但我不知道如何编写Python脚本来使用Appium测试我的Android应用程序。需要一个例子或良好的文档

谢谢

---

我在@answer之后添加此部分。

使用一个终端启动服务器后，我从另一个包含python绑定的终端运行python脚本

在运行终端的Appium服务器上，它给出以下输出

debug: Appium request initiated at /wd/hub/session

debug: Request received with params: {"sessionId":null,"desiredCapabilities":{"app-package":"my.app.package","app":"/home/anuja/MobileDev/apks_and_keys/Trickbook.apk","browserName":"","version":"4.0.4","device":"Android","app-activity":"TrickbookSplasher"}}

info: Using local app from desiredCaps: /home/anuja/MobileDev/apks_and_keys/Trickbook.apk

info: Creating new appium session 4788d549-d39a-4730-9bdb-382418c2b2c9

info: Starting android appium

debug: Using fast reset? true

info: Preparing device for session

info: Checking whether app is actually present

info: Checking whether adb is present

info: [ADB] Using adb from /home/anuja/MobileDev/sdk/platform-tools/adb

info: Trying to find a connected android device

info: [ADB] Getting connected devices...

info: [ADB] 1 device(s) connected

info: [ADB] Setting device id to 4d017b1f209a3f7b

info: Found device, no need to retry

info: [ADB] Waiting for device 4d017b1f209a3f7b to be ready and to respond to shell commands (timeout = 5)

info: Checking whether we need to run fast reset

debug: Checking app cert for /tmp/my.app.package.clean.apk: java -jar "/usr/lib/node_modules/appium/app/android/verify.jar" "/tmp/my.app.package.clean.apk"

debug: App not signed with debug cert.

debug: Checking app cert for /home/anuja/MobileDev/apks_and_keys/Trickbook.apk: java -jar "/usr/lib/node_modules/appium/app/android/verify.jar" "/home/anuja/MobileDev/apks_and_keys/Trickbook.apk"

debug: App not signed with debug cert.

info: Building fast reset

error: uncaughtException date=Thu May 30 2013 11:28:22 GMT+0530 (IST), pid=4466, uid=1000, gid=1000, cwd=/home/anuja, execPath=/usr/bin/nodejs, version=v0.10.8, argv=[node, /usr/bin/appium], rss=27017216, heapTotal=19666944, heapUsed=12400392, loadavg=[0.26318359375, 0.201171875, 0.333984375], uptime=2427.250582503, trace=[column=18, file=fs.js, function=Object.fs.openSync, line=427, method=fs.openSync, native=false, column=15, file=fs.js, function=Object.fs.readFileSync, line=284, method=fs.readFileSync, native=false, column=36, file=/usr/lib/node_modules/appium/android/adb.js, function=ADB.buildFastReset, line=131, method=buildFastReset, native=false, column=12, file=/usr/lib/node_modules/appium/android/adb.js, function=null, line=311, method=null, native=false, column=14, file=/usr/lib/node_modules/appium/android/adb.js, function=null, line=283, method=null, native=false, column=7, file=child_process.js, function=ChildProcess.exithandler, line=641, method=exithandler, native=false, column=17, file=events.js, function=ChildProcess.EventEmitter.emit, line=98, method=EventEmitter.emit, native=false, column=16, file=child_process.js, function=maybeClose, line=735, method=null, native=false, column=5, file=child_process.js, function=Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit, line=802, method=ChildProcess._handle.onexit, native=false], stack=[Error: ENOENT, no such file or directory '/usr/lib/node_modules/appium/app/android/AndroidManifest.xml.src',     at Object.fs.openSync (fs.js:427:18),     at Object.fs.readFileSync (fs.js:284:15),     at ADB.buildFastReset (/usr/lib/node_modules/appium/android/adb.js:131:36),     at /usr/lib/node_modules/appium/android/adb.js:311:12,     at /usr/lib/node_modules/appium/android/adb.js:283:14,     at ChildProcess.exithandler (child_process.js:641:7),     at ChildProcess.EventEmitter.emit (events.js:98:17),     at maybeClose (child_process.js:735:16),     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (child_process.js:802:5)]

在我执行python绑定脚本的终端上，给出了以下内容

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "forth.py", line 12, in <module>
    driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)

  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 72, in __init__
    self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile)

  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 114, in start_session
    'desiredCapabilities': desired_capabilities,

  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 163, in execute
    response = self.command_executor.execute(driver_command, params)

  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py", line 349, in execute
    return self._request(url, method=command_info[0], data=data)

  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py", line 396, in _request
    response = opener.open(request)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 400, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 418, in _open
    '_open', req)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 378, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1207, in http_open
    return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPConnection, req)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1180, in do_open
    r = h.getresponse(buffering=True)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 1030, in getresponse
    response.begin()

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 407, in begin
    version, status, reason = self._read_status()

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 371, in _read_status
    raise BadStatusLine(line)

httplib.BadStatusLine: ''

回溯（最近一次呼叫最后一次）：
文件“forth.py”，第12行，在
driver=webdriver.Remote（'http://localhost:4723/wd/hub，所需的(大写)
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py”，第72行，在__
self.start\u会话（所需的\u功能、浏览器\u配置文件）
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py”，第114行，在启动会话中
“desiredCapabilities”：所需的功能，
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py”，执行中第163行
响应=self.command\u executor.execute（driver\u command，params）
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py”，第349行，在execute中
返回self.\u请求（url，方法=命令\u信息[0]，数据=数据）
文件“/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote\u connection.py”，第396行，在请求中
响应=opener.open（请求）
文件“/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第400行，打开
响应=自身打开（请求，数据）
文件“/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第418行，打开
"开放",
文件“/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第378行，在调用链中
结果=func（*args）
文件“/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第1207行，在http\u open中
返回self.do_open（httplib.HTTPConnection，req）
文件“/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第1180行，打开
r=h.getresponse（缓冲=True）
getresponse中的文件“/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py”，第1030行
response.begin（）
文件“/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py”，第407行，在begin中
版本、状态、原因=self.\u读取\u状态（）
文件“/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py”，第371行，处于读取状态
升起状态行（行）
httplib.BadStatusLine:“”

我已使用自签名apk进行上述测试

• 右键单击EclipseAndroid项目
• Android工具
• 导出已签名的应用程序包
• 彻底检查向导

我正在使用一个真正的设备进行测试

---

有人能告诉我哪里/我做错了什么吗？

appium&

启动appium服务器。将其视为将启动selenium RC服务器的java-jar selenium.jar的等价物

启动服务器后，必须通过python绑定连接到服务器：

from selenium import webdriver

desired_caps = {}
desired_caps['device'] = 'Android'
desired_caps['browserName'] = ''
desired_caps['version'] = '4.2'
desired_caps['app'] = '/path/to.your.apk'
desired_caps['app-package'] = 'com.example.android.package'
desired_caps['app-activity'] = 'YourActivity'
driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)

一旦连接好，就可以通过普通的pythonwebdriver命令控制测试

---

示例：

从日志中可以看出，

应用程序未使用调试证书签名。

您的apk未使用

~/.android/debug.keystore中的默认调试证书签名，如下所示配置SDK

 export ANDROID_HOME="$HOME/adt/sdk"

 export JAVA_HOME="/usr/bin/java"

 export PATH=${PATH}:~/adt/sdk/tools

 export PATH=${PATH}:~/adt/sdk/platform-tools

参考代码：

import os
from time import sleep
import unittest
from appium import webdriver

# Returns absolute path relative to this file and not cwd
PATH = lambda p: os.path.abspath(
os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), p))
class SimpleAndroidTests(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        desired_caps = {}
        #Specify platform below(Android, iOS)
        desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
        #Specify OS version(Settings->About phone -> android version)
        desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '4.4.4'
        #Obtain the Device name from Adb[For Android](Terminal Command: "adb devices")
        desired_caps['deviceName'] = 'TA93304QZD'
        #Specify the path to Application
        desired_caps['app'] = PATH('Media Drive-com.sandisk.scotti-55-v2.0.3.apk')
        self.driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)

    def tearDown(self):
        # end the session
        self.driver.quit()

    def test_images_copy(self):
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)

        for i in range(0,4):
                 self.driver.find_element_by_id("com.sandisk.scotti:id/txt_Next").click()
          self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)
           self.driver.find_element_by_id("com.sandisk.scotti:id/txt_Close").click()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)
        self.driver.find_element_by_name("OK").click()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)
        self.driver.find_element_by_id("com.sandisk.scotti:id/txt_Photo").click()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)
           self.driver.find_element_by_id("com.sandisk.scotti:id/btn_Switch_Local").click()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)
              self.driver.find_element_by_id("com.sandisk.scotti:id/txt_Name").click()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    suite = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(SimpleAndroidTests)
    unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite)

谢谢你的回复。我在尝试你的方法时又卡住了。我已经根据你的答案编辑了我的问题。请查看横线后的最新更新，并告诉我哪里/我做错了什么。