如何实现Android片段事务。添加语法错误

我想让我的Android应用程序使用片段事务，这样我就可以 在各种片段之间切换显示它们的关联列表。我的申请 在尝试转换为片段事务之前工作正常。在我的初始活动_main.xml中， 我删除了android:name=“com.birdsall.peter.chap.ChapterFragment”，据我所知，您不能使用xml定义的片段 使用片段事务

1） 我似乎无法在其中获取.add（） getSupportFragmentManager使用其参数进行更正，即使使用工作示例中的代码也是如此。
我还尝试使用更新版本的FragmentTransactions，但没有成功。
我甚至举了一个使用getSupportFragmentManager/FragmentTransactions的代码工作示例， 修改为使用我的名字，效果很好。然后，我将该代码导入到我的应用程序中 它在.add（）语法上失败。我对Android开发有些陌生，不能 指出我的错误所在

下面是我的FrameLayout的主要xml布局

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >

 <FrameLayout
    android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
    android:layout_width="0dip"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_weight="1" />

 <fragment
      android:id="@+id/chapterfragments"

      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="match_parent" />

 <!-- Removed this from above <fragment> block to enable Fragment Transaction

 android:name="com.birdsall.peter.chap.ChapterFragment"  -->              
 </LinearLayout>

这是我的ChapterFragment.java

package com.birdsall.peter.chap;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.app.LoaderManager;
import android.content.CursorLoader;
import android.content.Loader;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ChapterFragment extends Fragment implements     LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks<Cursor> {
ChapterSelectedListener mCallback;
 // Container Activity must implement this interface
public interface ChapterSelectedListener {
    public void onChapterSelected(String position, int rowId);
}

 public SimpleCursorAdapter dataAdapter;
 private static final String TAG = "ChapterFragment";


 @Override
 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState ) {
     View listview = inflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_main,null);
     ListView mList =(ListView)listview.findViewById(R.id.chapterlist);
      // The desired columns to be bound
      String[] columns = new String[] {
        TDAdb.COL_CHAPTER,
        TDAdb.COL_CHAPTERTITLE};


      // the XML defined views which the data will be bound to
      int[] to = new int[] { 
        R.id.chapter1,
        R.id.chaptertitle1,

      };

      // create an adapter from the SimpleCursorAdapter
      dataAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(
        getActivity(), 
        R.layout.chapter_info, 
        null, 
        columns, 
        to,
        0);
      mList.setAdapter(dataAdapter);
      //Ensures a loader is initialized and active.
      getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, this);
     return listview;

 }
 @Override
 public void onStart() {
  super.onStart();
  Log.i(TAG, " onStart");
  displayListView(); 
  Log.i(TAG, " end of onStart");
 } 
    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);

        // This makes sure that the container activity has implemented
        // the callback interface. If not, it throws an exception
        try {
            mCallback = (ChapterSelectedListener) activity;
        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
            throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString()
                    + " must implement ChapterSelectedListener");
        }
    }

 @Override
public void onResume() {
  super.onResume();
  //Starts a new or restarts an existing Loader in this manager
  Log.i(TAG, " onResume");
  getLoaderManager().restartLoader(0, null, this);
 }

 private void displayListView() {

     Log.i(TAG, " Starting displayListView");
  // The desired columns to be bound
  String[] columns = new String[] {
    TDAdb.COL_CHAPTER,
    TDAdb.COL_CHAPTERTITLE};


  // the XML defined views which the data will be bound to
  int[] to = new int[] { 
    R.id.chapter1,
    R.id.chaptertitle1,

  };

  // create an adapter from the SimpleCursorAdapter
  dataAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(
    getActivity(), 
    R.layout.chapter_info, 
    null, 
    columns, 
    to,
    0);

  // get reference to the ListView
  ListView listView = (ListView) getView().findViewById(R.id.chapterlist);
  // Assign adapter to ListView
  listView.setAdapter(dataAdapter);
  //Ensures a loader is initialized and active.
  getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, this);


  listView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> listView, View view, 
     int position, long id) {


    // Get the cursor, positioned to the corresponding row in the result set
    Cursor cursor = (Cursor) listView.getItemAtPosition(position);

    String chaptervalueselected = 
    cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(TDAdb.COL_CHAPTER));

       mCallback.onChapterSelected(chaptervalueselected, position);
        Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Chapter " + chaptervalueselected,     Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    // starts a new Intent to update/delete a Chapter
    // pass in row Id to create the Content URI for a single row
    //Intent chapterEdit = new Intent(getBaseContext(), ChapterEdit.class);
    //Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
    //bundle.putString("mode", "update");
    //bundle.putString("rowId", rowId);
    //chapterEdit.putExtras(bundle);
    //startActivity(chapterEdit);

   }
  });

 }

 // This is called when a new Loader needs to be created.
 @Override
 public Loader<Cursor> onCreateLoader(int id, Bundle args) {
     Log.i(TAG, " onCreateLoader");
  String[] projection = { 
    TDAdb.KEY_ROWID,    
    TDAdb.COL_CHAPTER, 
    TDAdb.COL_CHAPTERTITLE}; 

  CursorLoader cursorLoader = new CursorLoader(getActivity(),
  TDAProvider.CONTENT_URI, projection, null, null, null);
  return cursorLoader;
 }

 @Override
 public void onLoadFinished(Loader<Cursor> loader, Cursor data) {
     Log.i(TAG, " ononLoadFinished");
  // Swap the new cursor in.  (The framework will take care of closing the
        // old cursor once we return.)
        dataAdapter.swapCursor(data);
 }

 @Override
 public void onLoaderReset(Loader<Cursor> loader) {
  // This is called when the last Cursor provided to onLoadFinished()
  // above is about to be closed.  We need to make sure we are no
  // longer using it.
     Log.i(TAG, " onLoaderReset");
  dataAdapter.swapCursor(null);
 } 


}

package com.birdsall.peter.chap；
导入android.app.Activity；
导入android.app.Fragment；
导入android.app.LoaderManager；
导入android.content.CursorLoader；
导入android.content.Loader；
导入android.database.Cursor；
导入android.os.Bundle；
导入android.util.Log；
导入android.view.LayoutInflater；
导入android.view.view；
导入android.view.ViewGroup；
导入android.widget.AdapterView；
导入android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener；
导入android.widget.ListView；
导入android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter；
导入android.widget.Toast；
公共类ChapterFragment扩展片段实现LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks{
第三章选择监听器McCallback；
//容器活动必须实现此接口
公共接口章节SelectedListener{
选中一章后的公共void（字符串位置，int rowId）；
}
公共SimpleCursorAdapter数据适配器；
私有静态最终字符串标记=“ChapterFragment”；
@凌驾
CreateView上的公共视图（布局、充气机、视图组容器、捆绑包保存状态）{
视图listview=充气机充气（R.layout.activity\u main，空）；
ListView mList=（ListView）ListView.findViewById（R.id.chapterlist）；
//要绑定的所需列
字符串[]列=新字符串[]{
TDAdb.COL_章，
TDAdb.COL_CHAPTERTITLE}；
//数据将绑定到的XML定义的视图
int[]到=新的int[]{
R.id.1章，
R.id.chaptertitle1，
};
//从SimpleCorsOrAdapter创建适配器
dataAdapter=新的SimpleCorsorAdapter(
getActivity（），
R.布局。章节信息，
无效的
柱，
到
0);
mList.setAdapter（dataAdapter）；
//确保加载程序已初始化并处于活动状态。
getLoaderManager（）.initLoader（0，null，this）；
返回列表视图；
}
@凌驾
public void onStart（）{
super.onStart（）；
Log.i（标记“onStart”）；
displayListView（）；
Log.i（标记“启动结束”）；
} 
@凌驾
公共事务主任（活动）{
超级转速计（活动）；
//这确保容器活动已实现
//回调接口。如果不是，则抛出异常
试一试{
mCallback=（ChapterSelectedListener）活动；
}catch（ClassCastException e）{
抛出新的ClassCastException（activity.toString（）
+“必须实现ChapterSelectedListener”）；
}
}
@凌驾
恢复时公开作废（）{
super.onResume（）；
//在此管理器中启动新加载程序或重新启动现有加载程序
Log.i（标签“onResume”）；
getLoaderManager（）.restartLoader（0，null，this）；
}
私有void displayListView（）{
Log.i（标记“启动displayListView”）；
//要绑定的所需列
字符串[]列=新字符串[]{
TDAdb.COL_章，
TDAdb.COL_CHAPTERTITLE}；
//数据将绑定到的XML定义的视图
int[]到=新的int[]{
R.id.1章，
R.id.chaptertitle1，
};
//从SimpleCorsOrAdapter创建适配器
dataAdapter=新的SimpleCorsorAdapter(
getActivity（），
R.布局。章节信息，
无效的
柱，
到
0);
//获取对ListView的引用
ListView ListView=（ListView）getView（）.findViewById（R.id.chapterlist）；
//将适配器分配给ListView
setAdapter（dataAdapter）；
//确保加载程序已初始化并处于活动状态。
getLoaderManager（）.initLoader（0，null，this）；
setOnItemClickListener（新的OnItemClickListener（）{
@凌驾
public void onItemClick（AdapterView列表视图、视图、，
内部位置，长id）{
//获取光标，定位到结果集中的对应行
游标游标=（游标）listView.getItemAtPosition（位置）；
字符串chaptervalueselected=
cursor.getString（cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow（TDAdb.COL_章））；
mCallback.onChapterSelected（chaptervalueselected，position）；
Toast.makeText（getActivity（），“Chapter”+chaptervalueselected，Toast.LENGTH_SHORT）.show（）；
//开始更新/删除章节的新意图
//传入行Id以创建单行的内容URI
//Intent chapterEdit=新的Intent（getBaseContext（），chapterEdit.class）；
//Bundle=新Bundle（）；
//bundle.putString（“模式”、“更新”）；
//bundle.putString（“rowId”，rowId）；
//第二章额外支出（捆绑）；
//startActivity（第二章）；
}
});
}
//当需要创建新的加载程序时，将调用此函数。
@凌驾
公共加载器onCreateLoader（int-id，Bundle-args）{
Log.i（标记“onCreateLoader”）；
字符串[]投影={
TDAdb.KEY_ROWID，
TDAdb.COL_章，
TDAdb.COL_CHAPTERTITLE}；
CursorLoader CursorLoader=新的CursorLoader（getActivity（），
TDAProvider.CONTENT\U
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="6dip">


<TextView android:id="@+id/chapter1" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall" />

<TextView android:id="@+id/textViewLiteral" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/chapter1" android:text=" - "
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall" />

<TextView android:id="@+id/chaptertitle1" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/textViewLiteral" 
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall" />

</RelativeLayout>

package com.birdsall.peter.chap;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.util.Log;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements       ChapterFragment.ChapterSelectedListener {



private static final String TAG = "Main_Activity";

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Log.i(TAG, "Starting ...");

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);


if (findViewById(R.id.fragment_container) != null) {
  if (savedInstanceState != null) {
      return;
  }

  // Create an instance of ExampleFragment
  ChapterFragment firstFragment = new ChapterFragment();


  // Add the fragment to the 'fragment_container' FrameLayout
  getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
          **.add**(R.id.fragment_container, firstFragment).commit(); 


         Log.i(TAG, "Ending ..."); 
  }

}   ...

package com.birdsall.peter.chap;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.app.LoaderManager;
import android.content.CursorLoader;
import android.content.Loader;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ChapterFragment extends Fragment implements     LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks<Cursor> {
ChapterSelectedListener mCallback;
 // Container Activity must implement this interface
public interface ChapterSelectedListener {
    public void onChapterSelected(String position, int rowId);
}

 public SimpleCursorAdapter dataAdapter;
 private static final String TAG = "ChapterFragment";


 @Override
 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState ) {
     View listview = inflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_main,null);
     ListView mList =(ListView)listview.findViewById(R.id.chapterlist);
      // The desired columns to be bound
      String[] columns = new String[] {
        TDAdb.COL_CHAPTER,
        TDAdb.COL_CHAPTERTITLE};


      // the XML defined views which the data will be bound to
      int[] to = new int[] { 
        R.id.chapter1,
        R.id.chaptertitle1,

      };

      // create an adapter from the SimpleCursorAdapter
      dataAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(
        getActivity(), 
        R.layout.chapter_info, 
        null, 
        columns, 
        to,
        0);
      mList.setAdapter(dataAdapter);
      //Ensures a loader is initialized and active.
      getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, this);
     return listview;

 }
 @Override
 public void onStart() {
  super.onStart();
  Log.i(TAG, " onStart");
  displayListView(); 
  Log.i(TAG, " end of onStart");
 } 
    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);

        // This makes sure that the container activity has implemented
        // the callback interface. If not, it throws an exception
        try {
            mCallback = (ChapterSelectedListener) activity;
        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
            throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString()
                    + " must implement ChapterSelectedListener");
        }
    }

 @Override
public void onResume() {
  super.onResume();
  //Starts a new or restarts an existing Loader in this manager
  Log.i(TAG, " onResume");
  getLoaderManager().restartLoader(0, null, this);
 }

 private void displayListView() {

     Log.i(TAG, " Starting displayListView");
  // The desired columns to be bound
  String[] columns = new String[] {
    TDAdb.COL_CHAPTER,
    TDAdb.COL_CHAPTERTITLE};


  // the XML defined views which the data will be bound to
  int[] to = new int[] { 
    R.id.chapter1,
    R.id.chaptertitle1,

  };

  // create an adapter from the SimpleCursorAdapter
  dataAdapter = new SimpleCursorAdapter(
    getActivity(), 
    R.layout.chapter_info, 
    null, 
    columns, 
    to,
    0);

  // get reference to the ListView
  ListView listView = (ListView) getView().findViewById(R.id.chapterlist);
  // Assign adapter to ListView
  listView.setAdapter(dataAdapter);
  //Ensures a loader is initialized and active.
  getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, this);


  listView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> listView, View view, 
     int position, long id) {


    // Get the cursor, positioned to the corresponding row in the result set
    Cursor cursor = (Cursor) listView.getItemAtPosition(position);

    String chaptervalueselected = 
    cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(TDAdb.COL_CHAPTER));

       mCallback.onChapterSelected(chaptervalueselected, position);
        Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Chapter " + chaptervalueselected,     Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    // starts a new Intent to update/delete a Chapter
    // pass in row Id to create the Content URI for a single row
    //Intent chapterEdit = new Intent(getBaseContext(), ChapterEdit.class);
    //Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
    //bundle.putString("mode", "update");
    //bundle.putString("rowId", rowId);
    //chapterEdit.putExtras(bundle);
    //startActivity(chapterEdit);

   }
  });

 }

 // This is called when a new Loader needs to be created.
 @Override
 public Loader<Cursor> onCreateLoader(int id, Bundle args) {
     Log.i(TAG, " onCreateLoader");
  String[] projection = { 
    TDAdb.KEY_ROWID,    
    TDAdb.COL_CHAPTER, 
    TDAdb.COL_CHAPTERTITLE}; 

  CursorLoader cursorLoader = new CursorLoader(getActivity(),
  TDAProvider.CONTENT_URI, projection, null, null, null);
  return cursorLoader;
 }

 @Override
 public void onLoadFinished(Loader<Cursor> loader, Cursor data) {
     Log.i(TAG, " ononLoadFinished");
  // Swap the new cursor in.  (The framework will take care of closing the
        // old cursor once we return.)
        dataAdapter.swapCursor(data);
 }

 @Override
 public void onLoaderReset(Loader<Cursor> loader) {
  // This is called when the last Cursor provided to onLoadFinished()
  // above is about to be closed.  We need to make sure we are no
  // longer using it.
     Log.i(TAG, " onLoaderReset");
  dataAdapter.swapCursor(null);
 } 


}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

import android.app.Fragment

import android.support.v4.app.Fragment