Android Espresso测试失败,出现不兼容的ClassChangeError
我正在努力学习android版的浓缩咖啡。为此,我创建了一个简单的android studio项目。但是我在运行测试用例时遇到了一些问题 这是我的模块级Android Espresso测试失败,出现不兼容的ClassChangeError,android,unit-testing,android-espresso,android-instrumentation,Android,Unit Testing,Android Espresso,Android Instrumentation,我正在努力学习android版的浓缩咖啡。为此,我创建了一个简单的android studio项目。但是我在运行测试用例时遇到了一些问题 这是我的模块级build.gradle文件: 应用插件:“com.android.application” android { compileSdkVersion 23 buildToolsVersion "23.0.2" defaultConfig { applicationId "com.abdullah.myte
build.gradle
文件:
应用插件:“com.android.application”
android {
compileSdkVersion 23
buildToolsVersion "23.0.2"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.abdullah.mytestapplication"
minSdkVersion 17
targetSdkVersion 23
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner 'android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner'
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.2.0'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.4.1'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.4.1'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:23.2.0'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.1'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:2.2.1'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-intents:2.2.1'
}
我的测试用例是:
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@SmallTest
public class MainActivityTest {
@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mainActivityRule =
new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);
@Test
public void myTest() {
Assert.assertNotNull(new Object());
}
}
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@小测验
公共类维护活动测试{
@统治
公共活动测试规则mainActivityRule=
新的ActivityTestRule(MainActivity.class);
@试验
公共无效myTest(){
Assert.assertNotNull(新对象());
}
}
试运行的输出为:
Running tests
Test running started
java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: com.abdullah.mytestapplication.MainActivity
at dalvik.system.DexFile.defineClassNative(Native Method)
at dalvik.system.DexFile.defineClass(DexFile.java:226)
at dalvik.system.DexFile.loadClassBinaryName(DexFile.java:219)
at dalvik.system.DexPathList.findClass(DexPathList.java:338)
at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:54)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:511)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:469)
at com.abdullah.mytestapplication.MainActivityTest.<init>(MainActivityTest.java:19)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Native Method)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:217)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:266)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:263)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java:54)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:240)
at android.app.Instrumentation$
----------
.run(Instrumentation.java:1970)
Finish
运行测试
开始测试运行
java.lang.CompatibleClassChangeError:com.abdullah.mytestapplication.MainActivity
位于dalvik.system.DexFile.defineclassinic(本机方法)
位于dalvik.system.DexFile.defineClass(DexFile.java:226)
位于dalvik.system.DexFile.loadClassBinaryName(DexFile.java:219)
位于dalvik.system.DexPathList.findClass(DexPathList.java:338)
位于dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:54)
位于java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:511)
位于java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:469)
位于com.abdullah.mytestapplication.MainActivityTest。(MainActivityTest.java:19)
位于java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(本机方法)
位于org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:217)
位于org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectCall(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:266)
位于org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
位于org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:263)
位于org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
位于org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
访问org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
位于org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
位于org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:27)
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
访问org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
位于org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
位于org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
位于android.support.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java:54)
位于android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:240)
在android.app.Instrumentation上$
----------
.run(Instrumentation.java:1970)
完成
我不确定这个异常的原因是什么,以及如何消除它。当我在设备或模拟器上运行时,行为是相同的。我从链接中找到了一个解决方法
排除support-v4
frmexpresso contrib
使其工作
编辑 对于版本
2.2.2
,需要执行以下操作:
androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:2.2.2') {
exclude module: 'support-annotations'
exclude module: 'support-v4'
exclude module: 'design'
exclude module: 'recyclerview-v7'
}
嗯,在添加了espresso contrib的排除行之后,我仍然会遇到相同的错误。我喝的是浓缩咖啡。知道为什么吗?@clu你需要添加以下
排除模块:'support annotations'排除模块:'support-v4'排除模块:'design'排除模块:'recyclerview-v7'
@Abdullah这个答案没有解决我这边的问题。@X-HuMan我也没有
androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:2.2.2') {
exclude module: 'support-annotations'
exclude module: 'support-v4'
exclude module: 'design'
exclude module: 'recyclerview-v7'
}