Android 使用Moshi将自定义转换器转换为子类

Android 使用Moshi将自定义转换器转换为子类,android,square,moshi,Android,Square,Moshi,我有一个用户类。和两个子类。父母和孩子。 我使用{“user”:“…”}从服务器获取json,需要根据user.type将其转换为父级或子级 据我所知,我需要通过以下方式添加自定义转换器: Moshi moshi = new Moshi.Builder() .add(new UserAdapter()) .build(); public class UserAdapter { @FromJson User fromJson(St

我有一个用户类。和两个子类。父母和孩子。 我使用{“user”:“…”}从服务器获取json,需要根据user.type将其转换为父级或子级

据我所知,我需要通过以下方式添加自定义转换器:

        Moshi moshi = new Moshi.Builder()
            .add(new UserAdapter())
            .build();
public class UserAdapter {

@FromJson
User fromJson(String userJson) {
    Moshi moshi = new Moshi.Builder().build();
    try {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(userJson);
        String accountType = jsonObject.getString("type");

        switch (accountType) {
            case "Child":
                JsonAdapter<Child> childJsonAdapter = moshi.adapter(Child.class);
                return childJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);
            case "Parent":
                JsonAdapter<Parent> parentJsonAdapter = moshi.adapter(Parent.class);
                return parentJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);

        }
    } catch (JSONException | IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    return null;
}

@ToJson
String toJson(User user) {
    Moshi moshi = new Moshi.Builder().build();
    JsonAdapter<User> jsonAdapter = moshi.adapter(User.class);
    String toJson = jsonAdapter.toJson(user);
    return toJson;
}
下面是我的UserAdapter实现。我知道这是假的,但即使这样也不行:

        Moshi moshi = new Moshi.Builder()
            .add(new UserAdapter())
            .build();
public class UserAdapter {

@FromJson
User fromJson(String userJson) {
    Moshi moshi = new Moshi.Builder().build();
    try {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(userJson);
        String accountType = jsonObject.getString("type");

        switch (accountType) {
            case "Child":
                JsonAdapter<Child> childJsonAdapter = moshi.adapter(Child.class);
                return childJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);
            case "Parent":
                JsonAdapter<Parent> parentJsonAdapter = moshi.adapter(Parent.class);
                return parentJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);

        }
    } catch (JSONException | IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    return null;
}

@ToJson
String toJson(User user) {
    Moshi moshi = new Moshi.Builder().build();
    JsonAdapter<User> jsonAdapter = moshi.adapter(User.class);
    String toJson = jsonAdapter.toJson(user);
    return toJson;
}
第二,我相信有更好的方法。请给我一些建议

Upd。下面是错误的stacktrace:

 com.squareup.moshi.JsonDataException: Expected a name but was BEGIN_OBJECT at path $.user
 at com.squareup.moshi.JsonReader.nextName(JsonReader.java:782)
 at com.squareup.moshi.ClassJsonAdapter.fromJson(ClassJsonAdapter.java:141)
 at com.squareup.moshi.JsonAdapter$1.fromJson(JsonAdapter.java:68)
 at com.squareup.moshi.JsonAdapter.fromJson(JsonAdapter.java:33)
 at retrofit.MoshiResponseBodyConverter.convert(MoshiResponseBodyConverter.java:33)
 at retrofit.MoshiResponseBodyConverter.convert(MoshiResponseBodyConverter.java:23)
 at retrofit.OkHttpCall.parseResponse(OkHttpCall.java:148)
 at retrofit.OkHttpCall.execute(OkHttpCall.java:116)
 at retrofit.RxJavaCallAdapterFactory$CallOnSubscribe.call(RxJavaCallAdapterFactory.java:111)
 at retrofit.RxJavaCallAdapterFactory$CallOnSubscribe.call(RxJavaCallAdapterFactory.java:88)
 at rx.Observable$2.call(Observable.java:162)
 at rx.Observable$2.call(Observable.java:154)
 at rx.Observable$2.call(Observable.java:162)
 at rx.Observable$2.call(Observable.java:154)
 at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:7710)
 at rx.internal.operators.OperatorSubscribeOn$1$1.call(OperatorSubscribeOn.java:62)
 at rx.internal.schedulers.ScheduledAction.run(ScheduledAction.java:55)
 at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:422)
 at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:237)
 at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.access$201(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:152)
 at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:265)
 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1112)
 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:587)
 at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:818)

在我看来,这似乎是您希望在自定义JSON数据反序列化/序列化时遵循的示例:

它使用一个对应于JSON结构的中间类,Moshi将为您自动膨胀它。然后,您可以使用膨胀的数据来构建专门的用户类。例如:

// Intermediate class with JSON structure
class UserJson {
  // Common JSON fields
  public String type;
  public String name;
  // Parent JSON fields
  public String occupation;
  public Long salary;
  // Child JSON fields
  public String favorite_toy;
  public Integer grade;
}

abstract class User {
  public String type;
  public String name;
}

final class Parent extends User {
  public String occupation;
  public Long salary;
}

final class Child extends User {
  public String favoriteToy;
  public Integer grade;
}
现在,适配器:

class UserAdapter {
  // Note that you pass in a `UserJson` object here
  @FromJson User fromJson(UserJson userJson) {
    switch (userJson.type) {
    case "Parent":
      final Parent parent = new Parent();
      parent.type = userJson.type;
      parent.name = userJson.name;
      parent.occupation = userJson.occupation;
      parent.salary = userJson.salary;
      return parent;
    case "Child":
      final Child child = new Child();
      child.type = userJson.type;
      child.name = userJson.name;
      child.favoriteToy = userJson.favorite_toy;
      child.grade = userJson.grade;
      return child;
    default:
      return null;
    }
  }

  // Note that you return a `UserJson` object here.
  @ToJson UserJson toJson(User user) {
    final UserJson json = new UserJson();
    if (user instanceof Parent) {
      json.type = "Parent";
      json.occupation = ((Parent) user).occupation;
      json.salary = ((Parent) user).salary;
    } else {
      json.type = "Child";
      json.favorite_toy = ((Child) user).favoriteToy;
      json.grade = ((Child) user).grade;
    }
    json.name = user.name;
    return json;
  }
}
我认为这更干净,并且允许Moshi完成它的工作,即从JSON创建对象,从对象创建JSON。不要乱搞老式的
JSONObject

要测试:

Child child = new Child();
child.type = "Child";
child.name = "Foo";
child.favoriteToy = "java";
child.grade = 2;
Moshi moshi = new Moshi.Builder().add(new UserAdapter()).build();
try {
  // Serialize
  JsonAdapter<User> adapter = moshi.adapter(User.class);
  String json = adapter.toJson(child);
  System.out.println(json);
  // Output is: {"favorite_toy":"java","grade":2,"name":"Foo","type":"Child"}

  // Deserialize
  // Note the cast to `Child`, since this adapter returns `User` otherwise.
  Child child2 = (Child) adapter.fromJson(json);
  System.out.println(child2.name);
  // Output is: Foo
} catch (IOException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
}
Child-Child=new-Child();
child.type=“child”;
child.name=“Foo”;
child.favoriteToy=“java”;
child.grade=2;
Moshi-Moshi=new Moshi.Builder().add(new UserAdapter()).build();
试一试{
//连载
JsonAdapter adapter=moshi.adapter(User.class);
String json=adapter.toJson(子项);
System.out.println(json);
//输出为:{“最喜欢的玩具”:“java”,“等级”:2,“名称”:“Foo”,“类型”:“Child”}
//反序列化
//注意强制转换为'Child',因为此适配器返回'User'。
Child child2=(Child)adapter.fromJson(json);
System.out.println(child2.name);
//输出为:Foo
}捕获(IOE异常){
e、 printStackTrace();
}

您可能试图根据以下内容实现解析:

这个字符串被用作@FromJson方法的参数,因此它可以神奇地解析为某个映射帮助器类或字符串,我们必须手动解析它,对吗?实际上不是,您可以使用映射帮助器类映射

因此,您的异常
需要一个字符串,但却是路径$处的BEGIN_对象。user
是由于Moshi试图将该用户作为字符串获取(因为这是您在适配器中暗示的),而它只是另一个对象

我不喜欢将所有可能的字段解析到某个helper类,因为在多态性的情况下,该类可能会变得非常大,您需要依赖或记住/注释代码

您可以将其作为映射处理(这是未知类型的默认模型),并将其转换为json,因此在您的情况下,它看起来类似于:

    @FromJson
    User fromJson(Map<String, String> map) {
        Moshi moshi = new Moshi.Builder().build();
        String userJson = moshi.adapter(Map.class).toJson(map);
        try {
            JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(userJson);
            String accountType = jsonObject.getString("type");

            switch (accountType) {
                case "Child":
                    JsonAdapter<Child> childJsonAdapter = moshi.adapter(Child.class);
                    return childJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);
                case "Parent":
                    JsonAdapter<Parent> parentJsonAdapter = moshi.adapter(Parent.class);
                    return parentJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);

            }
        } catch (JSONException | IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }
@FromJson
用户fromJson(映射){
Moshi-Moshi=新的Moshi.Builder().build();
字符串userJson=moshi.adapter(Map.class).toJson(Map);
试一试{
JSONObject JSONObject=新的JSONObject(userJson);
String accountType=jsonObject.getString(“类型”);
交换机(accountType){
“儿童”案:
JsonAdapter childJsonAdapter=moshi.adapter(Child.class);
返回childJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);
案例“家长”:
JsonAdapter parentJsonAdapter=moshi.adapter(Parent.class);
返回parentJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);
}
}捕获(JSONException | IOException e){
e、 printStackTrace();
}
返回null;
}
当然,您可以直接处理map:检索“type”字符串,然后将map的其余部分解析为所选类。这样就根本不需要使用JSONObject,因为它具有不依赖Android和更容易测试解析的优点

    @FromJson
    User fromJson(Map<String, String> map) {
        Moshi moshi = new Moshi.Builder().build();
        try {
            String userJson = moshi.adapter(Map.class).toJson(map);
            switch (map.get("type")) {
                case "Child":
                    JsonAdapter<Child> childJsonAdapter = moshi.adapter(Child.class);
                    return childJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);
                case "Parent":
                    JsonAdapter<Parent> parentJsonAdapter = moshi.adapter(Parent.class);
                    return parentJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);

            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
    }
@FromJson
用户fromJson(映射){
Moshi-Moshi=新的Moshi.Builder().build();
试一试{
字符串userJson=moshi.adapter(Map.class).toJson(Map);
开关(map.get(“type”)){
“儿童”案:
JsonAdapter childJsonAdapter=moshi.adapter(Child.class);
返回childJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);
案例“家长”:
JsonAdapter parentJsonAdapter=moshi.adapter(Parent.class);
返回parentJsonAdapter.fromJson(userJson);
}
}捕获(IOE异常){
e、 printStackTrace();
}
返回null;
}

现在有一种更好的方法可以做到这一点,使用
PolymorphicJsonAdapterFactory
。请参见

嘿,谢谢你的回复,我将在本周检查你的代码,如果正确,将其标记为corectworks@Defuera Ну как? 运气好吗?@savanto正在创建一个必要的适配器?这没有意义。你在哪里定义了你的
User
类?我不认为这是“更干净”的。对我来说,有太多的地方会犯错误,而且随着更多的用户子类的出现,这个需要反序列化的普通类可能会变得非常大。