C# 类别及;方法,这是一个好方法吗?

C# 类别及;方法,这是一个好方法吗?,c#,asp.net,class,methods,C#,Asp.net,Class,Methods,我正在尝试构建一个与asp.net web应用程序中的数据库交互的类。我需要你对如何设计它的意见,这里有一个我想要的例子 public class Person { int personId; string name; string lastName; public int PersonId { get { return personId; } } public string Name { get

我正在尝试构建一个与asp.net web应用程序中的数据库交互的类。我需要你对如何设计它的意见,这里有一个我想要的例子

public class Person
{
    int personId;
    string name;
    string lastName;

    public int PersonId
    {
        get { return personId; }
    }

    public string Name
    {
        get { return name; }
        set { name = value; }
    }

    public string LastName
    {
        get { return lastName; }
        set { lastName = value; }
    }

    public Person()
    {

    }

    public static void Save(Person p)
    {
        //datalayer here
        //save the person class
    }

    public static Person GetPerson(int person_id)
    {
        //datalayer here
        //get the person from database and return a person class
        Person p = new Person();
        p.personId = 10;
        p.name = "Alex";
        return p;
    }
}
这样我就可以使用数据库方法,而不必实例化类:

Person p = Person.GetPerson(19);
p.Name = "Alex...";
Person.Save(p);

非常感谢您的帮助。

使用
自动
程序,因为您的私有字段在代码中也会这样做

我认为,
Save
是一个操作,可以在
Person
实体的对象上执行。所以我不会把它作为一个静态的方法。我将移动您的
保存
代码作为
Person
对象的方法。因此,我将像
obj.Save()
那样调用它。要加载数据,我将使用重载版本的类
构造函数

public class Person
{
    int personId;      

    public int PersonId
    {
        get { return personId; }
    }    
    public string Name { set;get;}   
    public string LastName { set;get;}        

    public Person() {}

    public Person(int person_id)
    {
        //call to datalayer here
        //get the person from database and return a person class          
        personId = 10;
        Name= "Alex";  // set the public property value here           
    }
    public bool Save()
    {
        //datalayer here
        //save the person class and return
      // true/false /or new ID (change return type)
    }    

}
打电话的时候

Person p = new Person(19);  //get existing person
p.Name = "New Name";
p.Save();
编辑:另一种(更好的)方法是将实体类保持为简单的POCO。这意味着那里没有数据访问/BL代码。它看起来就像

public class Person
{
  public int ID { set;get;}
  public string Name { set;get;}
}
并且有一个
存储库
,为您执行数据操作。因此,您的存储库可能有这样的方法

public interface IRepository
{ 
   Person GetPerson(int id);
   bool SavePerson(Person person);
}
IRepository repo = new Repository();

var person=repo.GetPerson(19);  
person.Name="Updated Name";
repo.Save(person);
您可以在类中实现此
接口
,以执行数据访问操作

public class Repository:IRepository
{
  //implementation of your DA methods here
}
现在您可以像这样从不同的层(业务层)调用它

public interface IRepository
{ 
   Person GetPerson(int id);
   bool SavePerson(Person person);
}
IRepository repo = new Repository();

var person=repo.GetPerson(19);  
person.Name="Updated Name";
repo.Save(person);

您做得不错,但也可以为类使用自动属性。这可能会节省你一些时间。 例如


我喜欢坚持无知的东西:)

在这种情况下,您应该将Save方法移动到另一个类中,这样实体就不会包含任何关于如何持久化它的信息。

您需要的是对象的,以及数据访问代码的。我无法像文章那样解释它,因此我将回顾基本思想并提供一些示例

目标是将代码库划分为处理一种特定类型问题的层,例如与用户通信(UI)、在应用程序中保存和验证数据(业务类/模型)或管理数据持久性(数据访问)。保持这些区域的整齐划分可以更容易地维护和调试代码或并行开发。还有其他好处,例如促进跨多台物理机器的体系结构,但这超出了问题的范围

基本结构:

获取概念进展:

UI -> Person Factory -> Person class -> Repository -> Database
UI -> Person class -> Repository -> Database
保存概念进展:

UI -> Person Factory -> Person class -> Repository -> Database
UI -> Person class -> Repository -> Database
人员类别结构,内部有解释性注释:

public class Person
{
   // various properties & methods

   // Constructor access is restricted to control how the class gets consumed.
   // All instance management must go through the factories.
   protected Person() { /* stuff */ }

   // Person factory implementation. It's done inside the Person class so that
   // tight control can be kept over constructor access.
   // The factory is what gives you your instances of Person.
   // It has defined inputs and outputs, as well as more descriptive
   // names than constructor overloads, so consumers know what to expect.
   // It's also a place to put scaffolding code, so you can avoid doing 
   // things like setting properties every time you fetch an instance.
   // The factory takes care of all the object initialization and returns
   // an instance that's ready for use.
   public static Person GetPerson(int id)
   {
       Person p = new Person();

       // here you call the repository. It should return either a native
       // data structure like DataReader or DataTable, or a simple DTO class
       // which is then used to populate the properties of Person.
       // the reason for this is to avoid a circular dependency between
       // the repository and Person classes, which will be a compile time error
       // if they're defined in separate libraries
       using(PersonRepository repo = new PersonRepository())
       {
          DataReader dr = repo.GetPerson(id);
          p.FillFromDataReader(dr);
       }

       return p;
   }

   protected void FillFromDataReader(DataReader dr)
   { /* populate properties in here */ }

   // Save should be an instance method, because you need an instance of person
   // in order to save. You don't call the dealership to drive your car,
   // only when you're getting a new one, so the factory doesn't do the saving.
   public void Save()
   {
      // Again, we call the repository here. You can pass a DTO class, or
      // simply pass the necessary properties as parameters
      using(PersonRepository repo = new PersonRepository())
      {
         this.Id = repo.SavePerson(name, address);
      }
   }
}
现在,存储库代码:

// This class implements IDisposable for easy control over DB connection resources.
// You could also design and implement an IRepository interface depending on your needs.
public class PersonRepository : IDisposable
{
   private SqlConnection conn;

   public PersonRepository()
   {
      // in here you initialize connection resources
      conn = new SqlConnection("someConnectionString");
   }

   public void IDisposable.Dispose()
   {
      // clean up the connection
      conn.Dispose();
   }

   // The instance methods talk to the database
   public int SavePerson(string name, string address)
   {
      // call your stored procedure (or whatever) and return the new ID
      using(SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
      {
         // stuff
         return (int)cmd.Parameters["myOutputIDParameter"].Value;
      }
   }

   public DataReader GetPerson(int id)
   {
      // call your stored procedure (or whatever) and return the fetched data
      using(SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
      {
         // stuff
         return cmd.ExecuteReader();
      }
   }
}
最后,以下是您在UI级别的操作:

Person joe = Person.GetPerson(joeId);
// stuff
joe.Save();

谢谢你的提示;不知怎的,我忘了自动道具-1:使用存储库模式不正确地将持久层靠近UI。@深奥的ScreenName您能解释一下“靠近UI”吗?@Shyju让UI直接调用存储库将模型层(本例中的Person对象)从UI和数据库之间的通信链中移除。删除这一抽象层会使它“更接近”,因为在UI中的数据进入数据库之前,只有一层(存储库),而不是两层(Person类和存储库),所以这违反了模式。从实际的角度来看,您不希望UI能够直接调用持久性代码……我将实体(POCO)和数据访问层作为单独的项目,以便根据需要在不同的项目中使用相同的实体。您所追求的是对象的实体,以及数据访问代码的实体。