C# 单击一次更新后，“…”；。。。无法访问该文件，因为另一个进程正在使用它"；集会

问题描述

我支持WPF ClickOnce部署的应用程序。该应用程序具有通过电子邮件向我报告异常的功能。每次部署之后，我通常会收到一到两个异常报告，如下所示。只有不到100个用户

调用堆栈不完全相同。它总是说“无法加载文件或程序集…”，然后列出一个类似EntityFramework或Unity的DLL。它还说，“（HRESULT的例外：0x80070020）”

我已禁用自动ClickOnce更新。我正在使用ApplicationDeployment API处理更新。下载更新后，我会显示一条状态栏消息，“Restart to run the latest version”（重新启动以运行最新版本）。然后用户会重新启动应用程序。重新启动应用程序后，出现“无法访问文件，因为另一个进程正在使用该文件”异常。通常，如果用户再次重新启动应用程序，则不再发生异常

另一位开发人员描述了类似的体验

这是什么原因造成的？

我最初认为，当用户启动新版本时，可能之前版本的应用程序仍在关闭。但是，该应用程序是一个单实例应用程序。在引发此异常之前，单实例功能在Main（）中实现。这使我相当确信这不是由我的应用程序的两个实例引起的。此外，我的应用程序不是直接读取EntityFramework或Unity DLL

我还有两个假设

病毒扫描程序正在锁定ClickOnce新复制的DLL

ClickOnce更新机制中存在Microsoft错误

我的问题是，“有人知道这是什么原因吗？”

示例调用堆栈#1

以下是一个例子：

 System.IO.FileLoadException:
 Could not load file or assembly
 'Microsoft.Practices.Unity, Version=2.1.505.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35'
 or one of its dependencies.
 The process cannot access the file because
 it is being used by another process.
 (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80070020)

    at MyNamespace.AppState.RestartTemplateCacheThread(UserOptions userOptions)
    at MyNamespace.AppState.RestartTemplateCacheThread()
    at MyNamespace.MainWindow.hyperlinkReconnect(Object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

    at System.Windows.RoutedEventHandlerInfo.InvokeHandler(Object target, RoutedEventArgs routedEventArgs)
    at System.Windows.EventRoute.InvokeHandlersImpl(Object source, RoutedEventArgs args, Boolean reRaised)
    at System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEventImpl(DependencyObject sender, RoutedEventArgs args)
    at System.Windows.ContentElement.RaiseEvent(RoutedEventArgs e)
    at System.Windows.Documents.Hyperlink.OnClick()
    at System.Windows.Documents.Hyperlink.DispatchNavigation(Object sender)
    at System.Windows.Documents.Hyperlink.DoUserInitiatedNavigation(Object sender)
    at System.Windows.Documents.Hyperlink.OnMouseLeftButtonUp(Object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    at System.Windows.Documents.Hyperlink.OnMouseLeftButtonUp(MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    at System.Windows.UIElement.OnMouseLeftButtonUpThunk(Object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    at System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs.InvokeEventHandler(Delegate genericHandler, Object genericTarget)
    at System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs.InvokeHandler(Delegate handler, Object target)
    at System.Windows.RoutedEventHandlerInfo.InvokeHandler(Object target, RoutedEventArgs routedEventArgs)
    at System.Windows.EventRoute.InvokeHandlersImpl(Object source, RoutedEventArgs args, Boolean reRaised)
    at System.Windows.UIElement.ReRaiseEventAs(DependencyObject sender, RoutedEventArgs args, RoutedEvent newEvent)
    at System.Windows.UIElement.OnMouseUpThunk(Object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    at System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs.InvokeEventHandler(Delegate genericHandler, Object genericTarget)
    at System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs.InvokeHandler(Delegate handler, Object target)
    at System.Windows.RoutedEventHandlerInfo.InvokeHandler(Object target, RoutedEventArgs routedEventArgs)
    at System.Windows.EventRoute.InvokeHandlersImpl(Object source, RoutedEventArgs args, Boolean reRaised)
    at System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEventImpl(DependencyObject sender, RoutedEventArgs args)
    at System.Windows.ContentElement.RaiseTrustedEvent(RoutedEventArgs args)
    at System.Windows.Input.InputManager.ProcessStagingArea()
    at System.Windows.Input.InputManager.ProcessInput(InputEventArgs input)
    at System.Windows.Input.InputProviderSite.ReportInput(InputReport inputReport)
    at System.Windows.Interop.HwndMouseInputProvider.ReportInput(IntPtr hwnd, InputMode mode, Int32 timestamp, RawMouseActions actions, Int32 x, Int32 y, Int32 wheel)
    at System.Windows.Interop.HwndMouseInputProvider.FilterMessage(IntPtr hwnd, WindowMessage msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled)
    at System.Windows.Interop.HwndSource.InputFilterMessage(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled)
    at MS.Win32.HwndWrapper.WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled)
    at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.DispatcherCallbackOperation(Object o)
    at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs)
    at MS.Internal.Threading.ExceptionFilterHelper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs, Delegate catchHandler)

RestartTemplateCacheThread（…）中的行是

…这大概是第一次访问Unity DLL

示例调用堆栈#2

在本例中，Unity DLL已成功加载，但EntityFramework DLL已锁定

 System.IO.FileLoadException: 
 Could not load file or assembly
 'EntityFramework, Version=4.4.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089'
 or one of its dependencies.
 The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process.
 (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80070020)

    at System.RuntimeTypeHandle.GetTypeByName(String name, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase, Boolean reflectionOnly, StackCrawlMarkHandle stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean loadTypeFromPartialName, ObjectHandleOnStack type)
    at System.RuntimeTypeHandle.GetTypeByName(String name, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase, Boolean reflectionOnly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean loadTypeFromPartialName)
    at System.RuntimeType.GetType(String typeName, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase, Boolean reflectionOnly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark)
    at System.Type.GetType(String typeName)

    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ConfigurationHelpers.TypeResolverImpl.ResolveAlias(String typeNameOrAlias)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ConfigurationHelpers.TypeResolverImpl.ResolveTypeInternal(String typeNameOrAlias)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ConfigurationHelpers.TypeResolverImpl.ResolveType(String typeNameOrAlias, Boolean throwIfResolveFails)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.RegisterElement.GetMappedType()
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.RegisterElement.ConfigureContainer(IUnityContainer container)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ContainerElement.<>c__DisplayClass1.<ConfigureContainer>b__0(ContainerConfiguringElement element)
    at Microsoft.Practices.ObjectBuilder2.EnumerableExtensions.ForEach[TItem](IEnumerable`1 sequence, Action`1 action)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ContainerElement.ConfigureContainer(IUnityContainer container)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection.Configure(IUnityContainer container, String configuredContainerName)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityContainerExtensions.LoadConfiguration(IUnityContainer container, UnityConfigurationSection section, String containerName)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityContainerExtensions.LoadConfiguration(IUnityContainer container)

    at MyNamespace.AppState.RestartTemplateCacheThread(UserOptions userOptions)
    at MyNamespace.AppState.SetUserOptions(UserOptions options, Boolean restartBackgroundThreads)
    at MyNamespace.Models.DatasetManager.LoadDataset(String path)
    at MyNamespace.MainWindow.MainWindow_Loaded(Object sender, RoutedEventArgs args)

    at System.Windows.RoutedEventHandlerInfo.InvokeHandler(Object target, RoutedEventArgs routedEventArgs)
    at System.Windows.EventRoute.InvokeHandlersImpl(Object source, RoutedEventArgs args, Boolean reRaised)
    at System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEventImpl(DependencyObject sender, RoutedEventArgs args)
    at System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEvent(RoutedEventArgs e)
    at System.Windows.BroadcastEventHelper.BroadcastEvent(DependencyObject root, RoutedEvent routedEvent)
    at System.Windows.BroadcastEventHelper.BroadcastLoadedEvent(Object root)
    at MS.Internal.LoadedOrUnloadedOperation.DoWork()
    at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.FireLoadedPendingCallbacks()
    at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.FireInvokeOnRenderCallbacks()
    at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.RenderMessageHandlerCore(Object resizedCompositionTarget)
    at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.AnimatedRenderMessageHandler(Object resizedCompositionTarget)
    at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs)
    at MS.Internal.Threading.ExceptionFilterHelper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs, Delegate catchHandler)

System.IO.FileLoadException:
无法加载文件或程序集
'EntityFramework，版本=4.4.0.0，区域性=中性，PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089'
或者它的一个依赖项。
进程无法访问该文件，因为其他进程正在使用该文件。
（HRESULT的异常：0x80070020）
位于System.RuntimeTypeHandle.GetTypeByName（字符串名称、布尔throwOnError、布尔ignoreCase、布尔reflectionOnly、StackScrawMarkHandle stackMark、IntPtr pPrivHostBinder、布尔loadTypeFromPartialName、ObjectHandleOnStack类型）
在System.RuntimeTypeHandle.GetTypeByName（字符串名称、布尔throwOnError、布尔ignoreCase、布尔reflectionOnly、StackScrawlMark和stackMark、IntPtr pPrivHostBinder、布尔loadTypeFromPartialName）
在System.RuntimeType.GetType（字符串类型名称、布尔throwOnError、布尔ignoreCase、布尔reflectionOnly、堆栈爬网标记和堆栈标记）
at System.Type.GetType（字符串类型名）
在Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ConfigurationHelpers.TypeResolverImpl.ResolveAlias（字符串typeNameOrAlias）上
在Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ConfigurationHelpers.TypeResolverImpl.ResolveTypeInternal（字符串typeNameOrAlias）
在Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ConfigurationHelpers.TypeResolverImpl.ResolveType（字符串typeNameOrAlias，布尔throwIfResolveFails）
在Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.RegisterElement.GetMappedType（）上
位于Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.RegisterElement.ConfigureContainer（IUnityContainer容器）
在Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ContainerElement.c__DisplayClass1.b__0（ContainerConfiguringElement）上
在Microsoft.Practices.ObjectBuilder2.EnumerableExtensions.ForEach[TItem]（IEnumerable`1序列，Action`1 Action）
在Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ContainerElement.ConfigureContainer（IUnityContainer容器）上
在Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection.Configure（IUnityContainer容器，字符串configuredContainerName）
在Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityContainerExtensions.LoadConfiguration（IUnityContainer容器、UnityConfiguration节、String容器名称）中
位于Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityContainerExtensions.LoadConfiguration（IUnityContainer容器）
在MyNamespace.AppState.RestartTemplateCacheThread（UserOptions UserOptions）
在MyNamespace.AppState.SetUserOptions（UserOptions选项，Boolean restartBackgroundThreads）
在MyNamespace.Models.DatasetManager.LoadDataset（字符串路径）处
在MyNamespace.MainWindow.MainWindow_加载（对象发送方，RoutedEventArgs参数）
位于System.Windows.RoutedEventHandlerInfo.InvokeHandler（对象目标，RoutedEventTargets RoutedEventTargets）
在System.Windows.EventRoute.InvokeHandlersImpl（对象源，RoutedEventArgs参数，布尔值重新调高）
位于System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEventImpl（DependencyObject发送方，RoutedEventTargets参数）
在System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEvent（RoutedEventArgs e）处
位于System.Windows.BroadcastEventHelper.BroadcastEvent（DependencyObject根，RoutedEvent RoutedEvent）
位于System.Windows.BroadcastEventHelper.BroadcastLoadedEvent（对象根）
在MS.Internal.LoadedRunLoadedOperation.DoWork（）处
在System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.FireLoadedPendingCallbacks（）中
在System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.FireInvokeOnRenderCallbacks（）中
位于System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.RenderMessageHandlerCore（对象大小调整的CompositionTarget）
位于System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.AnimatedRenderMessageHandler（对象大小调整的CompositionTarget）
位于System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall（委托回调、对象参数、Int32 numArgs）
在MS.Internal.Threading.ExceptionFilterHelpe
 System.IO.FileLoadException: 
 Could not load file or assembly
 'EntityFramework, Version=4.4.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089'
 or one of its dependencies.
 The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process.
 (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80070020)

    at System.RuntimeTypeHandle.GetTypeByName(String name, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase, Boolean reflectionOnly, StackCrawlMarkHandle stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean loadTypeFromPartialName, ObjectHandleOnStack type)
    at System.RuntimeTypeHandle.GetTypeByName(String name, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase, Boolean reflectionOnly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean loadTypeFromPartialName)
    at System.RuntimeType.GetType(String typeName, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase, Boolean reflectionOnly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark)
    at System.Type.GetType(String typeName)

    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ConfigurationHelpers.TypeResolverImpl.ResolveAlias(String typeNameOrAlias)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ConfigurationHelpers.TypeResolverImpl.ResolveTypeInternal(String typeNameOrAlias)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ConfigurationHelpers.TypeResolverImpl.ResolveType(String typeNameOrAlias, Boolean throwIfResolveFails)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.RegisterElement.GetMappedType()
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.RegisterElement.ConfigureContainer(IUnityContainer container)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ContainerElement.<>c__DisplayClass1.<ConfigureContainer>b__0(ContainerConfiguringElement element)
    at Microsoft.Practices.ObjectBuilder2.EnumerableExtensions.ForEach[TItem](IEnumerable`1 sequence, Action`1 action)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.ContainerElement.ConfigureContainer(IUnityContainer container)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection.Configure(IUnityContainer container, String configuredContainerName)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityContainerExtensions.LoadConfiguration(IUnityContainer container, UnityConfigurationSection section, String containerName)
    at Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityContainerExtensions.LoadConfiguration(IUnityContainer container)

    at MyNamespace.AppState.RestartTemplateCacheThread(UserOptions userOptions)
    at MyNamespace.AppState.SetUserOptions(UserOptions options, Boolean restartBackgroundThreads)
    at MyNamespace.Models.DatasetManager.LoadDataset(String path)
    at MyNamespace.MainWindow.MainWindow_Loaded(Object sender, RoutedEventArgs args)

    at System.Windows.RoutedEventHandlerInfo.InvokeHandler(Object target, RoutedEventArgs routedEventArgs)
    at System.Windows.EventRoute.InvokeHandlersImpl(Object source, RoutedEventArgs args, Boolean reRaised)
    at System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEventImpl(DependencyObject sender, RoutedEventArgs args)
    at System.Windows.UIElement.RaiseEvent(RoutedEventArgs e)
    at System.Windows.BroadcastEventHelper.BroadcastEvent(DependencyObject root, RoutedEvent routedEvent)
    at System.Windows.BroadcastEventHelper.BroadcastLoadedEvent(Object root)
    at MS.Internal.LoadedOrUnloadedOperation.DoWork()
    at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.FireLoadedPendingCallbacks()
    at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.FireInvokeOnRenderCallbacks()
    at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.RenderMessageHandlerCore(Object resizedCompositionTarget)
    at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.AnimatedRenderMessageHandler(Object resizedCompositionTarget)
    at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Int32 numArgs)
    at MS.Internal.Threading.ExceptionFilterHelper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate method, Object args, Int32 numArgs, Delegate catchHandler)