C# asp.net web api中的异常处理和日志记录

我是ASP.NETWebAPI新手，我正在阅读这两篇关于异常处理的文章

虽然我了解链接，但我不确定是否使用。以下是我想做的：

当发生错误时，我想用消息、堆栈跟踪和原始请求发送的请求对象记录该错误

每个传入请求的类型可能不同&我计划将请求对象序列化为JSON字符串，并在错误日志记录时将其存储在DB中

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似乎我应该在每个方法上添加try-catch块，然后执行异常处理和日志记录。这将是一项乏味的任务。是否有任何方法可以全局处理错误并仍然能够捕获异常详细信息（消息、堆栈跟踪）和日志请求对象。

创建一个筛选器来为您处理这些操作，然后全局注册筛选器。我们做了一些非常相似的事情，下面是我们使用的过滤器类

public class FailedApiRequestLoggerAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
    private readonly bool _removeErrorDetailsFromResponse;

    public FailedApiRequestLoggerAttribute(bool removeErrorDetailsFromResponse)
    { _removeErrorDetailsFromResponse = removeErrorDetailsFromResponse; }

    public override void OnActionExecuted(HttpActionExecutedContext actionExecutedContext)
    {
        base.OnActionExecuted(actionExecutedContext);

        var log = LoggerFactory.GetLogger(actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.ControllerContext.Controller.GetType().Name);

        // If there is no response object then we're probably here because an exception was 
        // thrown and thrown exceptions are handled elsewhere.
        if (actionExecutedContext.Response?.IsSuccessStatusCode == false)
        {
            var error = new StringBuilder();
            error.AppendLine("API Call Returned Non-Success Status");
            error.AppendLine($"{actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.ControllerContext.ControllerDescriptor.ControllerType.FullName}.{actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.ActionDescriptor.ActionName}");

            if (actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.ActionArguments.Any())
            { error.AppendLine($"  Arguments"); }

            foreach (var argument in actionExecutedContext.ActionContext.ActionArguments)
            { error.AppendLine($"    {JsonConvert.SerializeObject(argument)}"); }

            error.AppendLine("  Response");
            error.AppendLine($"    Status Code: {actionExecutedContext.Response.StatusCode}; Reason: {actionExecutedContext.Response.ReasonPhrase}");

            var content = actionExecutedContext.Response.Content as ObjectContent<HttpError>;
            if (content != null)
            {
                error.AppendLine($"    {JsonConvert.SerializeObject(content.Value)}");

                if (_removeErrorDetailsFromResponse)
                { ((HttpError)content.Value).Clear(); }
            }

            log.Warning(error.ToString());
        }
    }
}

是否有任何方法可以全局处理错误并仍然能够捕获错误 异常详细信息（消息、堆栈跟踪）和日志请求对象

是的，ASP.NET Web API 2.1的框架支持全局处理未处理的异常，而不是在每个方法上添加try-catch块

它允许用户自定义在发生未处理的应用程序异常时发送的HTTP响应

WebApiConfig GlobalExceptionHandler 自定义错误结果

公共类CustomErrorResult:IHttpActionResult
{
私有只读字符串\u errorMessage；
私有只读HttpRequestMessage\u requestMessage；
私有只读HttpStatusCode\u statusCode；
public CustomErrorResult（HttpRequestMessage requestMessage，
HttpStatusCode状态代码，字符串错误消息）
{
_requestMessage=requestMessage；
_statusCode=statusCode；
_errorMessage=errorMessage；
}
公共任务执行同步(
取消令牌（取消令牌）
{
返回Task.FromResult（_requestMessage.CreateErrorResponse(
_状态代码，_errorMessage））；
}
}

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要归功于

阅读web api中的交叉关注点。您的控制器操作应尽可能精简。您不了解的错误处理链接是什么？那篇文章回答了这个问题。。。

config.Filters.Add(new FailedApiRequestLoggerAttribute(true));

public static class WebApiConfig
{
    public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
    {
        // ...

        config.Services.Replace(typeof (IExceptionHandler), 
            new GlobalExceptionHandler());
    }
}

public class GlobalExceptionHandler : ExceptionHandler
{
    public override void Handle(ExceptionHandlerContext context)
    {
        var exception = context.Exception;

        var httpException = exception as HttpException;
        if (httpException != null)
        {
            context.Result = new CustomErrorResult(context.Request,
                (HttpStatusCode) httpException.GetHttpCode(), 
                 httpException.Message);
            return;
        }

        // Return HttpStatusCode for other types of exception.

        context.Result = new CustomErrorResult(context.Request, 
            HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError,
            exception.Message);
    }
}

public class CustomErrorResult : IHttpActionResult
{
    private readonly string _errorMessage;
    private readonly HttpRequestMessage _requestMessage;
    private readonly HttpStatusCode _statusCode;

    public CustomErrorResult(HttpRequestMessage requestMessage, 
       HttpStatusCode statusCode, string errorMessage)
    {
        _requestMessage = requestMessage;
        _statusCode = statusCode;
        _errorMessage = errorMessage;
    }

    public Task<HttpResponseMessage> ExecuteAsync(
       CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        return Task.FromResult(_requestMessage.CreateErrorResponse(
            _statusCode, _errorMessage));
    }
}