C# 在实体框架中改变数据库结构和移动数据

我的数据库有如下实体驱动程序和驱动程序：

public override void Up()
{
    CreateTable(
        "dbo.WorkPage",
        c => new
            {
                Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                CommissionPercentage = c.Byte(nullable: false),
                IsClosed = c.Boolean(nullable: false),
                DateClosed = c.DateTime(),
                DriverId = c.Int(nullable: false),
            })
        .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id)
        .ForeignKey("dbo.Driver", t => t.DriverId, cascadeDelete: true)
        .Index(t => t.DriverId);

    AddColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int());
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id");
}

public override void Up()
{
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId", "dbo.Driver");
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPages");
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "DriverId" });
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "WorkPageId" });
    AlterColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int(nullable: false));
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id", cascadeDelete: true);
    DropColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId");
}

编辑：

并在这些实体中包含许多行。现在，我添加了另一个名为WorkPage的实体，它改变了以下关系：

驾驶员工作->驾驶员

为此：

驱动程序工作->工作页->驱动程序

更改驱动程序后的型号仍然是旧型号：

public class Driver
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string Name { get; set; }

    public string Description { get; set; }
}

public class WorkPage
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public byte CommissionPercentage { get; set; }

    public bool IsClosed { get; set; }

    public DateTime? DateClosed { get; set; }

    public int DriverId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(DriverId))]
    public Driver Driver { get; set; }
}

public class DriverWork
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string FromLocation { get; set; }

    public string ToLocation { get; set; }

    public int Price { get; set; }

    public DateTime Date { get; set; }

    public int WorkPageId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(WorkPageId))]
    public WorkPage WorkPage { get; set; }
}

添加新迁移后，我知道我应该在Up方法中进行更改，因为某些驱动程序当前没有任何工作页，我应该至少为它们添加一个工作页，而且当前的DriverWork项必须将其DriverId值更改为与该驱动程序关联的有效WorkPageId。但我不知道如何在EF6中进行迁移

在不更改Up方法的情况下，EF在运行UPDATABASE命令后出现以下错误：

---

有什么帮助吗？

因为这是一个艰难的转变，我建议用两次传球来完成

首先，保持DriverWork中的DriverId FK，并使工作页中的DriverId可选为空：

public class WorkPage
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public byte CommissionPercentage { get; set; }

    public bool IsClosed { get; set; }

    public DateTime? DateClosed { get; set; }

    public int? DriverId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(DriverId))]
    public Driver Driver { get; set; }
}

public class DriverWork
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string FromLocation { get; set; }

    public string ToLocation { get; set; }

    public int Price { get; set; }

    public DateTime Date { get; set; }

    public int DriverId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(DriverId))]
    public Driver Driver { get; set; }

    public int WorkPageId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(WorkPageId))]
    public WorkPage WorkPage { get; set; }
}

生成新的迁移。应该是这样的：

public override void Up()
{
    CreateTable(
        "dbo.WorkPage",
        c => new
            {
                Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                CommissionPercentage = c.Byte(nullable: false),
                IsClosed = c.Boolean(nullable: false),
                DateClosed = c.DateTime(),
                DriverId = c.Int(nullable: false),
            })
        .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id)
        .ForeignKey("dbo.Driver", t => t.DriverId, cascadeDelete: true)
        .Index(t => t.DriverId);

    AddColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int());
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id");
}

public override void Up()
{
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId", "dbo.Driver");
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPages");
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "DriverId" });
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "WorkPageId" });
    AlterColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int(nullable: false));
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id", cascadeDelete: true);
    DropColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId");
}

执行迁移。然后通过从DriverWork中删除驱动程序并将WorkPage required中的DriverId设置为非null来恢复所需的实体模型：

public class WorkPage
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public byte CommissionPercentage { get; set; }

    public bool IsClosed { get; set; }

    public DateTime? DateClosed { get; set; }

    public int DriverId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(DriverId))]
    public Driver Driver { get; set; }
}

public class DriverWork
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string FromLocation { get; set; }

    public string ToLocation { get; set; }

    public int Price { get; set; }

    public DateTime Date { get; set; }

    public int WorkPageId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(WorkPageId))]
    public WorkPage WorkPage { get; set; }
}

生成第二个新迁移。它应该是这样的：

public override void Up()
{
    CreateTable(
        "dbo.WorkPage",
        c => new
            {
                Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                CommissionPercentage = c.Byte(nullable: false),
                IsClosed = c.Boolean(nullable: false),
                DateClosed = c.DateTime(),
                DriverId = c.Int(nullable: false),
            })
        .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id)
        .ForeignKey("dbo.Driver", t => t.DriverId, cascadeDelete: true)
        .Index(t => t.DriverId);

    AddColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int());
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id");
}

public override void Up()
{
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId", "dbo.Driver");
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPages");
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "DriverId" });
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "WorkPageId" });
    AlterColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int(nullable: false));
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id", cascadeDelete: true);
    DropColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId");
}

使用Sql方法填充工作页表数据，并在需要之前更新工作表ID FK。例如，在Up方法的开头插入以下内容：

执行迁移，您就完成了

实际上，转换数据的Sql调用可以在第一个向上迁移方法的末尾进行

提前知道所有这些，您可以保持新模型的原样，跳过第一步，只需将生成的migration Up方法替换为上述两种方法的结合，例如

public override void Up()
{
    CreateTable(
        "dbo.WorkPage",
        c => new
            {
                Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                CommissionPercentage = c.Byte(nullable: false),
                IsClosed = c.Boolean(nullable: false),
                DateClosed = c.DateTime(),
                DriverId = c.Int(nullable: false),
            })
        .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id)
        .ForeignKey("dbo.Driver", t => t.DriverId, cascadeDelete: true)
        .Index(t => t.DriverId);

    AddColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int());
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id");

    Sql(@"insert into dbo.WorkPage (CommissionPercentage, IsClosed, DateClosed, DriverId) select 0, 0, null, DriverId from dbo.DriverWork");
    Sql(@"update dbo.DriverWork set WorkPageId = WP.Id from dbo.DriverWork DW join dbo.WorkPage WP on DW.DriverId = WP.DriverId");

    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId", "dbo.Driver");
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPages");
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "DriverId" });
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "WorkPageId" });
    AlterColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int(nullable: false));
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id", cascadeDelete: true);
    DropColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId");
}

---

由于这是一个艰难的转变，我建议进行两次传球

首先，保持DriverWork中的DriverId FK，并使工作页中的DriverId可选为空：

public class WorkPage
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public byte CommissionPercentage { get; set; }

    public bool IsClosed { get; set; }

    public DateTime? DateClosed { get; set; }

    public int? DriverId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(DriverId))]
    public Driver Driver { get; set; }
}

public class DriverWork
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string FromLocation { get; set; }

    public string ToLocation { get; set; }

    public int Price { get; set; }

    public DateTime Date { get; set; }

    public int DriverId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(DriverId))]
    public Driver Driver { get; set; }

    public int WorkPageId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(WorkPageId))]
    public WorkPage WorkPage { get; set; }
}

生成新的迁移。应该是这样的：

public override void Up()
{
    CreateTable(
        "dbo.WorkPage",
        c => new
            {
                Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                CommissionPercentage = c.Byte(nullable: false),
                IsClosed = c.Boolean(nullable: false),
                DateClosed = c.DateTime(),
                DriverId = c.Int(nullable: false),
            })
        .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id)
        .ForeignKey("dbo.Driver", t => t.DriverId, cascadeDelete: true)
        .Index(t => t.DriverId);

    AddColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int());
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id");
}

public override void Up()
{
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId", "dbo.Driver");
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPages");
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "DriverId" });
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "WorkPageId" });
    AlterColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int(nullable: false));
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id", cascadeDelete: true);
    DropColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId");
}

执行迁移。然后通过从DriverWork中删除驱动程序并将WorkPage required中的DriverId设置为非null来恢复所需的实体模型：

public class WorkPage
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public byte CommissionPercentage { get; set; }

    public bool IsClosed { get; set; }

    public DateTime? DateClosed { get; set; }

    public int DriverId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(DriverId))]
    public Driver Driver { get; set; }
}

public class DriverWork
{
    [Key]
    public int Id { get; set; }

    public string FromLocation { get; set; }

    public string ToLocation { get; set; }

    public int Price { get; set; }

    public DateTime Date { get; set; }

    public int WorkPageId { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey(nameof(WorkPageId))]
    public WorkPage WorkPage { get; set; }
}

生成第二个新迁移。它应该是这样的：

public override void Up()
{
    CreateTable(
        "dbo.WorkPage",
        c => new
            {
                Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                CommissionPercentage = c.Byte(nullable: false),
                IsClosed = c.Boolean(nullable: false),
                DateClosed = c.DateTime(),
                DriverId = c.Int(nullable: false),
            })
        .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id)
        .ForeignKey("dbo.Driver", t => t.DriverId, cascadeDelete: true)
        .Index(t => t.DriverId);

    AddColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int());
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id");
}

public override void Up()
{
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId", "dbo.Driver");
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPages");
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "DriverId" });
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "WorkPageId" });
    AlterColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int(nullable: false));
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id", cascadeDelete: true);
    DropColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId");
}

使用Sql方法填充工作页表数据，并在需要之前更新工作表ID FK。例如，在Up方法的开头插入以下内容：

执行迁移，您就完成了

实际上，转换数据的Sql调用可以在第一个向上迁移方法的末尾进行

提前知道所有这些，您可以保持新模型的原样，跳过第一步，只需将生成的migration Up方法替换为上述两种方法的结合，例如

public override void Up()
{
    CreateTable(
        "dbo.WorkPage",
        c => new
            {
                Id = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                CommissionPercentage = c.Byte(nullable: false),
                IsClosed = c.Boolean(nullable: false),
                DateClosed = c.DateTime(),
                DriverId = c.Int(nullable: false),
            })
        .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id)
        .ForeignKey("dbo.Driver", t => t.DriverId, cascadeDelete: true)
        .Index(t => t.DriverId);

    AddColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int());
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id");

    Sql(@"insert into dbo.WorkPage (CommissionPercentage, IsClosed, DateClosed, DriverId) select 0, 0, null, DriverId from dbo.DriverWork");
    Sql(@"update dbo.DriverWork set WorkPageId = WP.Id from dbo.DriverWork DW join dbo.WorkPage WP on DW.DriverId = WP.DriverId");

    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId", "dbo.Driver");
    DropForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPages");
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "DriverId" });
    DropIndex("dbo.DriverWork", new[] { "WorkPageId" });
    AlterColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", c => c.Int(nullable: false));
    CreateIndex("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId");
    AddForeignKey("dbo.DriverWork", "WorkPageId", "dbo.WorkPage", "Id", cascadeDelete: true);
    DropColumn("dbo.DriverWork", "DriverId");
}

---

艰巨的任务。DriverWork和WorkPage表中还有其他列吗？@IvanStoev有，WorkPage中有3列其他列，DriverWork中有4列其他列。我没有在问题中说明，你能补充一下吗？因为我正在考虑重命名表格+创建新表格+插入一些数据方向。@IvanStoev我已经编辑了这个问题。任务艰巨。DriverWork和WorkPage表中还有其他列吗？@IvanStoev有，WorkPage中有3列其他列，DriverWork中有4列其他列。我没有在问题中说明，你能补充一下吗？因为我在考虑重命名表+创建新表+插入一些数据方向。@IvanStoev我已经编辑了这个问题。我已经生成了第一次迁移，它和你的迁移一样。但在更新数据库之后，它给出了相同的错误：ALTER TABLE语句与外键约束FK_dbo.DriverWorks_dbo.WorkPages_WorkPageId冲突。冲突发生在数据库{dblocation}\KHORSHIDDATA.MDF、表dbo.WorkPages、列“Id”中。看起来您没有按照建议使WorkPageId列最初为空？检查此行AddColumndbo.DriverWork，WorkPageId，c=>c.Int；，它不应该包含nullable:false我已经生成了第一次迁移，它与您的迁移类似。但在更新数据库之后，它给出了相同的错误：ALTER TABLE语句与外键约束FK_dbo.DriverWorks_dbo.WorkPages_WorkPageId冲突。冲突发生在数据库{dblocation}\KHORSHIDDATA.MDF、表dbo.WorkPages、列“Id”中。看起来您没有按照建议使WorkPageId列最初为空？检查此行AddColumndbo.DriverWork，WorkPageId，c=>c.Int；，它不应该包含nullable:false