Django 使用guardian的快捷方式assign\u perm分配权限会导致“非类型”对象没有属性“对象”

我的Django项目中有两个应用程序，假设它是appA和appB。这些应用程序是通过pip安装从外部软件包安装的。它们在各自的模型中都具有其他权限：

appA有：

  class Meta:                                                                  
      permissions = ( 
          ('clone_poll', 'Can clone poll'),                                    
          ('close_poll', 'Can close poll'),            
          ('viewresults_poll', 'Can view poll results'),                         
)  

appB拥有：

  class Meta:                                                                  
      permissions = ( 
          ('viewresults_meeting', 'Can view meeting results'),                         
)  

我在我的项目中安装了这两个应用程序，并尝试创建它们的模型的一些实例。在权限分配步骤之前，将创建并保存fineobject的所有内容，其中发生以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 114, in get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/decorators.py", line 22, in _wrapped_view
    return view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/polls/views.py", line 529, in clone_poll
    initial_dict=initial)(request, kwargs=kwa)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 69, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/formtools/wizard/views.py", line 236, in dispatch
    response = super(WizardView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 87, in dispatch
    return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/formtools/wizard/views.py", line 297, in post
    return self.render_done(form, **kwargs)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/formtools/wizard/views.py", line 350, in render_done
    done_response = self.done(final_form_list, **kwargs)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/polls/views.py", line 203, in done
    assign_perm('polls.change_poll', self.request.user, poll_obj)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/guardian/shortcuts.py", line 91, in assign_perm
    return model.objects.assign_perm(perm, user, obj)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/guardian/managers.py", line 41, in assign_perm
    obj_perm, created = self.get_or_create(**kwargs)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 154, in get_or_create
    return self.get_queryset().get_or_create(**kwargs)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 380, in get_or_create
    obj.save(force_insert=True, using=self.db)
  File "/home/polls/pythonPolls/lib/python2.7/site-packages/guardian/models.py", line 44, in save
    content_type = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(self.content_object)
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'objects'

我检查了发生错误的确切地点，它在django guardian内部。垃圾收集器似乎清理了本地上下文，将所有导入设置为“无”：

'UserObjectPermissionManager': None, 
'__file__': None, 
'user_model_label': None, 
'__name__': None, 
'GroupObjectPermissionManager': None, 
'ContentType': None,
'settings': None, 
'Permission': None, 
'GroupObjectPermissionBase': None, 
'BaseObjectPermission': None,  
'UserObjectPermissionBase': None

此外，当我从已安装的应用程序中删除其中一个应用程序（例如appA）时，其他应用程序工作正常，即设置了所有权限

---

我不知道这个问题的根源是什么，是在我的应用程序、guardian还是完全其他的应用程序中？

经过几天的努力，我终于找到了解决方案，找到了这个问题的真正根源。 首先，我一直在使用Django 1.6.10。在这两个应用程序中，我都注册了用户登录信号的处理程序。在这两个应用程序中，我将适当的函数和绑定suser_logged_in.connecthandler放入名为signals.py的文件中。然后，signals.py被导入到_init__u;.py中，以使信号连接工作。在其中一个文件中还有另一个依赖于models.py的文件，它也被导入到signals.py中——这是在其中一个应用程序中完成的。说到点子上，问题在于其中一个应用程序中的循环导入。我发现可行的解决方案是将signals.py内容移动到models.py，从_uinit__;uuuuu.py删除信号导入