如何从Django选项字段检索所选数据？

如果根据主题和问题类型在数据库中找到

问题描述

答案描述

和

问题图像

答案图像

，则我想使用两个

选项字段

来检索主题和问题类型

然而，我不知道怎么做。我看过一些教程，也了解了我必须做的事情，但我不确定如何在我的案例中使用相同的技术，因为在线上没有太多的

ChoiceField

示例，除了有一些关于如何使用表单和从数据库提取数据的通用示例

这是

models.py

from django.db import models
from home.choices import *

# Create your models here.

class Topic(models.Model):
    topic_name = models.IntegerField(
                    choices = question_topic_name_choices, default = 1)
    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.topic_name

class Image (models.Model):
    image_file = models.ImageField()

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.image_file

class Question(models.Model):
    question_type = models. IntegerField(
                    choices = questions_type_choices, default = 1)
    question_topic = models.ForeignKey(    'Topic',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    question_description = models.TextField()
    question_answer = models.ForeignKey(    'Answer',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    question_image = models.ForeignKey(    'Image',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.question_type

class Answer(models.Model):
    answer_description = models.TextField()
    answer_image = models.ForeignKey(    'Image',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    answer_topic = models.ForeignKey(    'Topic',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.answer_description

from django import forms
from betterforms.multiform import MultiModelForm
from .models import Topic, Image, Question, Answer
from .choices import questions_type_choices, question_topic_name_choices

class TopicForm(forms.ModelForm):
    topic_name      =   forms.ChoiceField(
                    choices=question_topic_name_choices,
                    widget = forms.Select(
                    attrs = {'class': 'home-select-one'}
                        ))

    class Meta:
        model = Topic
        fields = ['topic_name',]
        def __str__(self):
            return self.fields


class QuestionForm(forms.ModelForm):
    question_type =   forms.ChoiceField(
                    choices= questions_type_choices,
                    widget = forms.Select(
                    attrs = {'class': 'home-select-two'},
                        ))

    class Meta:
        model = Question
        fields = ['question_type',]
        def __str__(self):
            return self.fields


class QuizMultiForm(MultiModelForm):
    form_classes    =   {
                'topics':TopicForm,
                'questions':QuestionForm
    }

from django.shortcuts import render, render_to_response
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
from home.models import Topic, Image, Question, Answer
from home.forms import QuizMultiForm




class QuizView(TemplateView):
    template_name = 'index.html'
    def get(self, request):
  # What queries do I need to put here to get the question and answer's description according to the ChoiceField input
        form = QuizMultiForm()
        return render (request, self.template_name, {'form': form})

    def post(self, request):
        form = QuizMultiForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            text = form.cleaned_data['topic_name', 'question_type'] # I don't know what to put here!

        args = {'form': form, 'text': text}
        return render (request, self.template_name, args)

这是

forms.py

from django.db import models
from home.choices import *

# Create your models here.

class Topic(models.Model):
    topic_name = models.IntegerField(
                    choices = question_topic_name_choices, default = 1)
    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.topic_name

class Image (models.Model):
    image_file = models.ImageField()

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.image_file

class Question(models.Model):
    question_type = models. IntegerField(
                    choices = questions_type_choices, default = 1)
    question_topic = models.ForeignKey(    'Topic',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    question_description = models.TextField()
    question_answer = models.ForeignKey(    'Answer',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    question_image = models.ForeignKey(    'Image',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.question_type

class Answer(models.Model):
    answer_description = models.TextField()
    answer_image = models.ForeignKey(    'Image',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    answer_topic = models.ForeignKey(    'Topic',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.answer_description

from django import forms
from betterforms.multiform import MultiModelForm
from .models import Topic, Image, Question, Answer
from .choices import questions_type_choices, question_topic_name_choices

class TopicForm(forms.ModelForm):
    topic_name      =   forms.ChoiceField(
                    choices=question_topic_name_choices,
                    widget = forms.Select(
                    attrs = {'class': 'home-select-one'}
                        ))

    class Meta:
        model = Topic
        fields = ['topic_name',]
        def __str__(self):
            return self.fields


class QuestionForm(forms.ModelForm):
    question_type =   forms.ChoiceField(
                    choices= questions_type_choices,
                    widget = forms.Select(
                    attrs = {'class': 'home-select-two'},
                        ))

    class Meta:
        model = Question
        fields = ['question_type',]
        def __str__(self):
            return self.fields


class QuizMultiForm(MultiModelForm):
    form_classes    =   {
                'topics':TopicForm,
                'questions':QuestionForm
    }

from django.shortcuts import render, render_to_response
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
from home.models import Topic, Image, Question, Answer
from home.forms import QuizMultiForm




class QuizView(TemplateView):
    template_name = 'index.html'
    def get(self, request):
  # What queries do I need to put here to get the question and answer's description according to the ChoiceField input
        form = QuizMultiForm()
        return render (request, self.template_name, {'form': form})

    def post(self, request):
        form = QuizMultiForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            text = form.cleaned_data['topic_name', 'question_type'] # I don't know what to put here!

        args = {'form': form, 'text': text}
        return render (request, self.template_name, args)

这是

views.py

from django.db import models
from home.choices import *

# Create your models here.

class Topic(models.Model):
    topic_name = models.IntegerField(
                    choices = question_topic_name_choices, default = 1)
    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.topic_name

class Image (models.Model):
    image_file = models.ImageField()

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.image_file

class Question(models.Model):
    question_type = models. IntegerField(
                    choices = questions_type_choices, default = 1)
    question_topic = models.ForeignKey(    'Topic',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    question_description = models.TextField()
    question_answer = models.ForeignKey(    'Answer',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    question_image = models.ForeignKey(    'Image',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.question_type

class Answer(models.Model):
    answer_description = models.TextField()
    answer_image = models.ForeignKey(    'Image',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    answer_topic = models.ForeignKey(    'Topic',
                                    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                    blank=True,
                                    null=True)
    def __str__(self):
        return '%s' % self.answer_description

from django import forms
from betterforms.multiform import MultiModelForm
from .models import Topic, Image, Question, Answer
from .choices import questions_type_choices, question_topic_name_choices

class TopicForm(forms.ModelForm):
    topic_name      =   forms.ChoiceField(
                    choices=question_topic_name_choices,
                    widget = forms.Select(
                    attrs = {'class': 'home-select-one'}
                        ))

    class Meta:
        model = Topic
        fields = ['topic_name',]
        def __str__(self):
            return self.fields


class QuestionForm(forms.ModelForm):
    question_type =   forms.ChoiceField(
                    choices= questions_type_choices,
                    widget = forms.Select(
                    attrs = {'class': 'home-select-two'},
                        ))

    class Meta:
        model = Question
        fields = ['question_type',]
        def __str__(self):
            return self.fields


class QuizMultiForm(MultiModelForm):
    form_classes    =   {
                'topics':TopicForm,
                'questions':QuestionForm
    }

from django.shortcuts import render, render_to_response
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
from home.models import Topic, Image, Question, Answer
from home.forms import QuizMultiForm




class QuizView(TemplateView):
    template_name = 'index.html'
    def get(self, request):
  # What queries do I need to put here to get the question and answer's description according to the ChoiceField input
        form = QuizMultiForm()
        return render (request, self.template_name, {'form': form})

    def post(self, request):
        form = QuizMultiForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            text = form.cleaned_data['topic_name', 'question_type'] # I don't know what to put here!

        args = {'form': form, 'text': text}
        return render (request, self.template_name, args)

这是模板：

{%extends'base.html%}
{%block content%}
{%csrf_令牌%}
{{form.as_p}}
现在是物理时间
{{text}}
{%endblock content%}

表单的

cleaned_data

属性包含一个字典，该字典将字段名称与有界数据进行映射。从这些文档中，您可以阅读：

已清理的数据

返回每个子窗体的已清除的_数据的OrderedDict

只需提取如下数据：

topic_name = form.cleaned_data['topics']['topic_name']
question_type = form.cleaned_data['question']['question_type']
# And so on ...

---

非常感谢你！它显示了

主题(名称

和

问题(类型)

但我添加其他内容时除外，例如：

问题(描述)

和

答案(描述)

它说：

关键错误：“问题(描述)

你能告诉我为什么，以及如何修复它吗，你必须将它们添加到元类别中的

字段列表中。我已经这样做了，但它们显示为输入字段，我可以在其中键入我不想要的内容，我希望数据库中的问题和答案能够显示出来。您可以使用
froms.HiddenInput
来显示这些字段。这将是我非常乐意尝试帮助的另一个问题。