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Jakarta ee can'；t在J2EE应用程序上执行Junit测试

jakarta-ee junit

Jakarta ee can'；t在J2EE应用程序上执行Junit测试,jakarta-ee,junit,null,ejb,Jakarta Ee,Junit,Null,Ejb,我已经尝试在我的J2EE应用程序上执行junit测试一周了，但我无法执行。下面是我的代码和控制台错误，显示了我执行测试的位置： 测试代码： private List<Eleve> listEleves; private Eleve eleve; private GestionEntitiesBean gestionEntitiesBean; @BeforeClass public static void oneTimeSetUp() { // one-time init

我已经尝试在我的J2EE应用程序上执行junit测试一周了，但我无法执行。下面是我的代码和控制台错误，显示了我执行测试的位置：

测试代码：

private List<Eleve> listEleves;
private Eleve eleve;
 private GestionEntitiesBean gestionEntitiesBean;


@BeforeClass
public static void oneTimeSetUp() {
    // one-time initialization code   
    System.out.println("@BeforeClass - oneTimeSetUp");
}

@AfterClass
public static void oneTimeTearDown() {
    // one-time cleanup code
    System.out.println("@AfterClass - oneTimeTearDown");
}

@Before
public void setUp() {
    listEleves = new ArrayList<Eleve>();
    gestionEntitiesBean=Utils.getGestionEntitiesBean();
    System.out.println("@Before - setUp");
     eleve=new Eleve();
}

@After
public void tearDown() {
    listEleves.clear();
    System.out.println("@After - tearDown");
}




@Test
public final void testNewEleve() {
    fail("Not yet implemented"); // TODO
}

@Test
public final void testMajEleve() {
    fail("Not yet implemented"); // TODO
}

@Test
public final void testDelEleve() {
    fail("Not yet implemented"); // TODO
}

@Test
public final void testGetAllEleve() {
//  fail("Not yet implemented"); // TODO

    listEleves =gestionEntitiesBean.getAllEleve();
    assertEquals(1, listEleves.size());

}

@Test
public final void testGetEleveFromId() {
    fail("Not yet implemented"); // TODO
}
最后是错误控制台：

@BeforeClass - oneTimeSetUp
@Before - setUp
javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial
    at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:662)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:313)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:350)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:417)
    at org.asl.groupb.utils.Utils.getGestionEntitiesBean(Utils.java:24)
    at org.asl.groupb.repositoriesTest.EleveRepositoryTest.setUp(EleveRepositoryTest.java:37)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
@After - tearDown
javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial
    at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:662)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:313)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:350)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:417)
    at org.asl.groupb.utils.Utils.getGestionEntitiesBean(Utils.java:24)
    at org.asl.groupb.repositoriesTest.EleveRepositoryTest.setUp(EleveRepositoryTest.java:37)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
@Before - setUp
@After - tearDown
@Before - setUp
@After - tearDown
javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial
    at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:662)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:313)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:350)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:417)
    at org.asl.groupb.utils.Utils.getGestionEntitiesBean(Utils.java:24)
    at org.asl.groupb.repositoriesTest.EleveRepositoryTest.setUp(EleveRepositoryTest.java:37)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial
    at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:662)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:313)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:350)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:417)
    at org.asl.groupb.utils.Utils.getGestionEntitiesBean(Utils.java:24)
    at org.asl.groupb.repositoriesTest.EleveRepositoryTest.setUp(EleveRepositoryTest.java:37)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
@Before - setUp
@After - tearDown
javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file:  java.naming.factory.initial
    at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:662)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:313)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:350)
    at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:417)
    at org.asl.groupb.utils.Utils.getGestionEntitiesBean(Utils.java:24)
    at org.asl.groupb.repositoriesTest.EleveRepositoryTest.setUp(EleveRepositoryTest.java:37)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
@Before - setUp
@After - tearDown
@AfterClass - oneTimeTearDown
问题是JUnit从JavaSE层驱动测试，因此执行测试的线程不会在JavaEE容器中执行。正如您所发现的，许多需要Java EE容器的Java EE操作将不可用，例如
InitialContext.lookup（）

以下是我在Java EE环境中执行JUnit测试时使用的一种相当标准的方法：

使用带有基本测试存根的JUnit SE套件来驱动对应用程序的GET请求：

@BeforeClass
public static void oneTimeSetUp() {
    // start my app server and make sure apps are installed
}

@AfterClass
public static void oneTimeTearDown() {
    // shut down app server
}

@Test
public void testApplicationAvailable() {
    runTestInServlet("testApplicationAvailable");
}

@Test
public void testThatFails() {
    runTestInServlet("testThatFails");
}

private void runTestInServlet(String testName) {
    // Construct the URL, note that the name of the test is passed in
    // as the value of the "test" parameter.  This will get read from
    // the servlet's doGet method
    URL url = new URL("http://localhost:9080/myAppName/testServletName?test=" + test);
    HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    try{
        con.setRequestMethod("GET");
        InputStream is = con.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);

        // use the BufferedReader to validate response from test servlet
        // i.e. search for some "successful test" token
    } finally {
        con.disconnect();
    }
}

@WebServlet(name = "TestServlet", urlPatterns = { "/testServletName" })
public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
      throws ServletException, IOException {
        String test = request.getParameter("test");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

        try {
            System.out.println("-----> " + test + " starting");
            // Use reflection to branch out and invoke the method found in the GET method's "test" parameter
            getClass().getMethod(test, PrintWriter.class).invoke(this, response.getWriter());
            System.out.println("<----- " + test + " successful");
        } catch (Throwable x) {
            System.out.println("<----- " + test + " failed:");
        } finally {
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }
    }

    public void testApplicationAvailable(PrintWriter pw) throws Exception {
        System.out.prinln("Application and test servlet available");
    }

    public void testThatFails(PrintWriter pw) throws Exception {
        throw new Exception("This test will fail");
    }
}
在测试servlet中使用相应的方法在JavaEE环境中执行真正的测试：

@BeforeClass
public static void oneTimeSetUp() {
    // start my app server and make sure apps are installed
}

@AfterClass
public static void oneTimeTearDown() {
    // shut down app server
}

@Test
public void testApplicationAvailable() {
    runTestInServlet("testApplicationAvailable");
}

@Test
public void testThatFails() {
    runTestInServlet("testThatFails");
}

private void runTestInServlet(String testName) {
    // Construct the URL, note that the name of the test is passed in
    // as the value of the "test" parameter.  This will get read from
    // the servlet's doGet method
    URL url = new URL("http://localhost:9080/myAppName/testServletName?test=" + test);
    HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    try{
        con.setRequestMethod("GET");
        InputStream is = con.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);

        // use the BufferedReader to validate response from test servlet
        // i.e. search for some "successful test" token
    } finally {
        con.disconnect();
    }
}

@WebServlet(name = "TestServlet", urlPatterns = { "/testServletName" })
public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
      throws ServletException, IOException {
        String test = request.getParameter("test");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

        try {
            System.out.println("-----> " + test + " starting");
            // Use reflection to branch out and invoke the method found in the GET method's "test" parameter
            getClass().getMethod(test, PrintWriter.class).invoke(this, response.getWriter());
            System.out.println("<----- " + test + " successful");
        } catch (Throwable x) {
            System.out.println("<----- " + test + " failed:");
        } finally {
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }
    }

    public void testApplicationAvailable(PrintWriter pw) throws Exception {
        System.out.prinln("Application and test servlet available");
    }

    public void testThatFails(PrintWriter pw) throws Exception {
        throw new Exception("This test will fail");
    }
}

@WebServlet（name=“TestServlet”，urlPatterns={”/testServletName}）
公共类TestServlet扩展了HttpServlet{
@凌驾
受保护的void doGet（HttpServletRequest请求、HttpServletResponse响应）
抛出ServletException、IOException{
字符串测试=request.getParameter（“测试”）；
PrintWriter out=response.getWriter（）；
试一试{
System.out.println（“-->”+测试+启动”）；
//使用反射分支并调用GET方法的“test”参数中的方法
getClass（）.getMethod（test，PrintWriter.class）.invoke（this，response.getWriter（））；

System.out.println（“问题是JUnit从Java SE层驱动测试，因此执行测试的线程将不会在Java EE容器中执行。正如您所发现的，许多需要Java EE容器的Java EE操作将不可用，例如
InitialContext.lookup（）

以下是我在Java EE环境中执行JUnit测试时使用的一种相当标准的方法：

使用带有基本测试存根的JUnit SE套件来驱动对应用程序的GET请求：


@BeforeClass
public static void oneTimeSetUp() {
    // start my app server and make sure apps are installed
}

@AfterClass
public static void oneTimeTearDown() {
    // shut down app server
}

@Test
public void testApplicationAvailable() {
    runTestInServlet("testApplicationAvailable");
}

@Test
public void testThatFails() {
    runTestInServlet("testThatFails");
}

private void runTestInServlet(String testName) {
    // Construct the URL, note that the name of the test is passed in
    // as the value of the "test" parameter.  This will get read from
    // the servlet's doGet method
    URL url = new URL("http://localhost:9080/myAppName/testServletName?test=" + test);
    HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    try{
        con.setRequestMethod("GET");
        InputStream is = con.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);

        // use the BufferedReader to validate response from test servlet
        // i.e. search for some "successful test" token
    } finally {
        con.disconnect();
    }
}



@WebServlet(name = "TestServlet", urlPatterns = { "/testServletName" })
public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
      throws ServletException, IOException {
        String test = request.getParameter("test");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

        try {
            System.out.println("-----> " + test + " starting");
            // Use reflection to branch out and invoke the method found in the GET method's "test" parameter
            getClass().getMethod(test, PrintWriter.class).invoke(this, response.getWriter());
            System.out.println("<----- " + test + " successful");
        } catch (Throwable x) {
            System.out.println("<----- " + test + " failed:");
        } finally {
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }
    }

    public void testApplicationAvailable(PrintWriter pw) throws Exception {
        System.out.prinln("Application and test servlet available");
    }

    public void testThatFails(PrintWriter pw) throws Exception {
        throw new Exception("This test will fail");
    }
}


在测试servlet中使用相应的方法在JavaEE环境中执行真正的测试：


@BeforeClass
public static void oneTimeSetUp() {
    // start my app server and make sure apps are installed
}

@AfterClass
public static void oneTimeTearDown() {
    // shut down app server
}

@Test
public void testApplicationAvailable() {
    runTestInServlet("testApplicationAvailable");
}

@Test
public void testThatFails() {
    runTestInServlet("testThatFails");
}

private void runTestInServlet(String testName) {
    // Construct the URL, note that the name of the test is passed in
    // as the value of the "test" parameter.  This will get read from
    // the servlet's doGet method
    URL url = new URL("http://localhost:9080/myAppName/testServletName?test=" + test);
    HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    try{
        con.setRequestMethod("GET");
        InputStream is = con.getInputStream();
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);

        // use the BufferedReader to validate response from test servlet
        // i.e. search for some "successful test" token
    } finally {
        con.disconnect();
    }
}



@WebServlet(name = "TestServlet", urlPatterns = { "/testServletName" })
public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
      throws ServletException, IOException {
        String test = request.getParameter("test");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

        try {
            System.out.println("-----> " + test + " starting");
            // Use reflection to branch out and invoke the method found in the GET method's "test" parameter
            getClass().getMethod(test, PrintWriter.class).invoke(this, response.getWriter());
            System.out.println("<----- " + test + " successful");
        } catch (Throwable x) {
            System.out.println("<----- " + test + " failed:");
        } finally {
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }
    }

    public void testApplicationAvailable(PrintWriter pw) throws Exception {
        System.out.prinln("Application and test servlet available");
    }

    public void testThatFails(PrintWriter pw) throws Exception {
        throw new Exception("This test will fail");
    }
}



@WebServlet（name=“TestServlet”，urlPatterns={”/testServletName}）
公共类TestServlet扩展了HttpServlet{
@凌驾
受保护的void doGet（HttpServletRequest请求、HttpServletResponse响应）
抛出ServletException、IOException{
字符串测试=request.getParameter（“测试”）；
PrintWriter out=response.getWriter（）；
试一试{
System.out.println（“-->”+测试+启动”）；
//使用反射分支并调用GET方法的“test”参数中的方法
getClass（）.getMethod（test，PrintWriter.class）.invoke（this，response.getWriter（））；
System.out.println（“我建议您使用它进行单元测试，它要简单得多

请使用下面的stackoverflow帖子了解在没有容器的情况下使用EntityManager的基本用法和解决方案


我建议您使用它进行单元测试，它要简单得多

请使用下面的stackoverflow帖子了解在没有容器的情况下使用EntityManager的基本用法和解决方案


可能重复@Vladimitikhomirov我不认为这是一个dup。根本问题是在EE容器中运行测试，问题比
NoInitialContextException
更广泛。可能重复@Vladimitikhomirov我不认为这是一个dup。根本问题是在EE容器中运行测试，问题是em比
NoInitialContextException
更广泛。