Java 事件驱动输入与基于回合的输入

我试图用JTextArea作为控制台/输出，JTextField作为用户输入来重新创建控制台游戏。由于GUI是事件驱动的，我不明白如何停止代码的执行，在继续执行之前等待用户输入。我能想到的唯一解决方案是While（userTurn）和userTurn将在actionlistener上更改为false有更好的方法吗

我的控制台解决方案

 String getInput(String prompt){
        String inputLine = null;
      console.setTextConsole(prompt + " ");
        try{
            BufferedReader is = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            inputLine = is.readLine();
            if(inputLine.length() == 0) return null;

        }catch(IOException e){
            console.setTextConsole("IOException "+e);
        }
        return inputLine;
    }

我刚刚调用了这个getInput方法，然后开始了下一轮

我想完成的是：

对手转向

游戏等待用户

用户在JtextField中键入文本，然后按enter键

游戏执行玩家的命令

对手再次转身

那么我觉得这个,

比赛的规则是谁拥有回合。只要统治者开始行动，其他统治者就必须等待。如何实现这一点

如果用户拥有回合，他/她可以在JText字段中输入文本

当他/她按ENTER键时，必须验证该命令。如果正常，回合必须转移到程序，同时，用户甚至不能在JText字段中输入文本。例如，禁用它：

为了增强用户体验，启用/禁用按钮和文本字段可能会很有用。在这种情况下，您只需修改两种方法

switchturntheprogram

和

switchturntheuser

，我认为：

比赛的规则是谁拥有回合。只要统治者开始行动，其他统治者就必须等待。如何实现这一点

如果用户拥有回合，他/她可以在JText字段中输入文本

当他/她按ENTER键时，必须验证该命令。如果正常，回合必须转移到程序，同时，用户甚至不能在JText字段中输入文本。例如，禁用它：

---

为了增强用户体验，启用/禁用按钮和文本字段可能会很有用。在这种情况下，您只需修改两种方法

switchturntheprogram

和

switchturntheuser

，我已经编写了一个示例游戏，这样您就可以观察到它们之间的差异。计算机和用户尝试猜测0-2（含0-2）之间的随机数。谁做对了就赢。如果双方都做对了或都做错了，那就是平局

编辑：更新的GUI版本

以下是控制台程序：

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ConsoleGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in);
        Random rand = new Random();
        boolean playAgain = false;
        int wins = 0, losses = 0, draw = 0;
        do {
            int num = rand.nextInt(3); // 0-2 inclusive
            System.out.println("Guess the number [0-2]: ");
            int guess = Integer.parseInt(console.nextLine());
            int computerGuess = rand.nextInt(3);
            System.out.println("You: " + guess + "\tComputer: " + computerGuess + "\tNumber: " + num);
            if (guess == num && computerGuess == num || guess != num && computerGuess != num) {
                draw++;
                System.out.println("Draw!");
            } else if (guess == num) {
                wins++;
                System.out.println("You win!");
            } else if (computerGuess == num) {
                losses++;
                System.out.println("Computer wins :(");
            }
            System.out.println("Play again [y/n]? ");
            playAgain = console.nextLine().startsWith("y");
        } while (playAgain);
        System.out.println("Wins: " + wins + "\nLosses: " + losses + "\nDraw: " + draw);
        console.close();
    }
}

以下是GUI程序：

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.JTextField;

public class GUIGame extends JFrame {
    private JPanel contentPane;
    private JTextField textField;
    private JTextArea textArea;
    private boolean textReceived;

     /**
     * Launch the application.
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    GUIGame frame = new GUIGame();
                    frame.setVisible(true);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * Create the frame.
     */
    public GUIGame() {
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 450, 300);
        contentPane = new JPanel();
        contentPane.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        setContentPane(contentPane);

        textField = new JTextField();
        textField.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            // user pressed 'enter' key,
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                textReceived = true;
                synchronized (textField) {
                    // notify game loop thread which is waiting on this event
                    textField.notifyAll();
                }
            }
        });
        contentPane.add(textField, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane();
        contentPane.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        textArea = new JTextArea();
        textArea.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.PLAIN, 12));
        textArea.setLineWrap(true);
        textArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);
        textArea.setForeground(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
        textArea.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        textArea.setEditable(false);
        scrollPane.setViewportView(textArea);

        // Start game loop in new thread since we block the thread when
        // waiting for input and we don't want to block the UI thread
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                playGame();
            }
        }).start();
    }

    private void playGame() {
        Random rand = new Random();
        boolean playAgain = false;
        int wins = 0, losses = 0, draw = 0;
        do {
            int num = rand.nextInt(3); // 0-2 inclusive
            textArea.append("Guess the number [0-2]: \n");
            int guess = Integer.parseInt(requestInput());
            int computerGuess = rand.nextInt(3);
            textArea.append("You: " + guess + "\tComputer: " + computerGuess + "\tNumber: " + num + "\n");
            if (guess == num && computerGuess == num || guess != num && computerGuess != num) {
                draw++;
                textArea.append("Draw!\n");
            } else if (guess == num) {
                wins++;
                textArea.append("You win!\n");
            } else if (computerGuess == num) {
                losses++;
                textArea.append("Computer wins :(\n");
            }
            textArea.append("Play again [y/n]? \n");
            playAgain = requestInput().startsWith("y");
        } while (playAgain);
        textArea.append("Wins: " + wins + "\nLosses: " + losses + "\nDraw: " + draw + "\n");
    }

    private String requestInput() {
        textField.setEnabled(true);
        textField.requestFocus();
        // wait on text field till UI thread signals a user input event
        synchronized (textField) {
            while (!textReceived) {
                try {
                    textField.wait();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        String input = textField.getText();
        textField.setText("");
        textField.setEnabled(false);
        textReceived = false;
        return input;
    }
}

---

我已经编写了一个示例游戏，这样你就可以观察到其中的差异。计算机和用户尝试猜测0-2（含0-2）之间的随机数。谁做对了就赢。如果双方都做对了或都做错了，那就是平局

编辑：更新的GUI版本

以下是控制台程序：

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ConsoleGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in);
        Random rand = new Random();
        boolean playAgain = false;
        int wins = 0, losses = 0, draw = 0;
        do {
            int num = rand.nextInt(3); // 0-2 inclusive
            System.out.println("Guess the number [0-2]: ");
            int guess = Integer.parseInt(console.nextLine());
            int computerGuess = rand.nextInt(3);
            System.out.println("You: " + guess + "\tComputer: " + computerGuess + "\tNumber: " + num);
            if (guess == num && computerGuess == num || guess != num && computerGuess != num) {
                draw++;
                System.out.println("Draw!");
            } else if (guess == num) {
                wins++;
                System.out.println("You win!");
            } else if (computerGuess == num) {
                losses++;
                System.out.println("Computer wins :(");
            }
            System.out.println("Play again [y/n]? ");
            playAgain = console.nextLine().startsWith("y");
        } while (playAgain);
        System.out.println("Wins: " + wins + "\nLosses: " + losses + "\nDraw: " + draw);
        console.close();
    }
}

以下是GUI程序：

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.JTextField;

public class GUIGame extends JFrame {
    private JPanel contentPane;
    private JTextField textField;
    private JTextArea textArea;
    private boolean textReceived;

     /**
     * Launch the application.
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    GUIGame frame = new GUIGame();
                    frame.setVisible(true);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * Create the frame.
     */
    public GUIGame() {
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 450, 300);
        contentPane = new JPanel();
        contentPane.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        setContentPane(contentPane);

        textField = new JTextField();
        textField.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            // user pressed 'enter' key,
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                textReceived = true;
                synchronized (textField) {
                    // notify game loop thread which is waiting on this event
                    textField.notifyAll();
                }
            }
        });
        contentPane.add(textField, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane();
        contentPane.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        textArea = new JTextArea();
        textArea.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.PLAIN, 12));
        textArea.setLineWrap(true);
        textArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);
        textArea.setForeground(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
        textArea.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        textArea.setEditable(false);
        scrollPane.setViewportView(textArea);

        // Start game loop in new thread since we block the thread when
        // waiting for input and we don't want to block the UI thread
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                playGame();
            }
        }).start();
    }

    private void playGame() {
        Random rand = new Random();
        boolean playAgain = false;
        int wins = 0, losses = 0, draw = 0;
        do {
            int num = rand.nextInt(3); // 0-2 inclusive
            textArea.append("Guess the number [0-2]: \n");
            int guess = Integer.parseInt(requestInput());
            int computerGuess = rand.nextInt(3);
            textArea.append("You: " + guess + "\tComputer: " + computerGuess + "\tNumber: " + num + "\n");
            if (guess == num && computerGuess == num || guess != num && computerGuess != num) {
                draw++;
                textArea.append("Draw!\n");
            } else if (guess == num) {
                wins++;
                textArea.append("You win!\n");
            } else if (computerGuess == num) {
                losses++;
                textArea.append("Computer wins :(\n");
            }
            textArea.append("Play again [y/n]? \n");
            playAgain = requestInput().startsWith("y");
        } while (playAgain);
        textArea.append("Wins: " + wins + "\nLosses: " + losses + "\nDraw: " + draw + "\n");
    }

    private String requestInput() {
        textField.setEnabled(true);
        textField.requestFocus();
        // wait on text field till UI thread signals a user input event
        synchronized (textField) {
            while (!textReceived) {
                try {
                    textField.wait();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        String input = textField.getText();
        textField.setText("");
        textField.setEnabled(false);
        textReceived = false;
        return input;
    }
}

---

为什么你问了10个问题，却只接受了一个答案？是两个对手的游戏还是一个对手对电脑的游戏？事件驱动代码的意思是，作为事件结果执行的代码。当用户按下Enter键时，您只执行执行播放器命令的代码。你可以为对手的回合设置另一个按钮，该按钮将执行对手的回合代码。为什么你问了10个问题，却只接受了一个答案？是两个对手的游戏，还是一个对手对计算机的游戏？事件驱动代码的意思是，作为事件结果执行的代码。当用户按下Enter键时，您只执行执行播放器命令的代码。你可以为对手的回合设置另一个按钮，该按钮将执行对手的回合代码。我要寻找的部分是等待用户按enter键，而无需继续执行Java swing中立即出现的代码：你只需打开并绘制JPanel，添加侦听器，然后结束。面板将保持打开状态，并且有一个后台线程监听用户事件，该线程将调用连接到按钮的actionListener。我要查找的部分是等待用户按enter键，而不继续执行Java swing中立即出现的代码：您只需打开并绘制JPanel，添加侦听器，然后结束。面板将保持打开状态，并且有一个后台线程正在监听用户事件，该线程将调用连接到按钮的actionListener。干杯，我想我开始明白了。如果你能向我解释的话，还有一件事是，如果我期望不同的输入，例如，在游戏开始时，我希望用户输入他的名字，然后期望他按F键，然后按A/g键，等等。你可以通过传递提示来实现这一点，但这似乎不是最普遍的方式。有不同的方式吗？比回读文本区好吗？@Higeath是的，事实上有一种更好、更直观的方法。虽然它与您在问题中提到的建议解决方案类似，但这种称为忙等待的技术会占用CPU资源。阻塞via是一个更好的选择，请参阅更新的答案。干杯，我想我开始明白了。如果你能向我解释的话，还有一件事是，如果我期望不同的输入，例如，在游戏开始时，我希望用户输入他的名字，然后期望他按F键，然后按A/g键，等等。你可以通过传递提示来实现这一点，但这似乎不是最普遍的方式。有不同的方式吗？比回读文本区好吗？@Higeath是的，事实上有一种更好、更直观的方法。虽然它与您在问题中提到的建议解决方案类似，但这种称为忙等待的技术会占用CPU资源。阻塞via是更好的选择，请参阅更新的答案。

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.JTextField;

public class GUIGame extends JFrame {
    private JPanel contentPane;
    private JTextField textField;
    private JTextArea textArea;
    private boolean textReceived;

     /**
     * Launch the application.
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    GUIGame frame = new GUIGame();
                    frame.setVisible(true);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * Create the frame.
     */
    public GUIGame() {
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100, 100, 450, 300);
        contentPane = new JPanel();
        contentPane.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        setContentPane(contentPane);

        textField = new JTextField();
        textField.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            // user pressed 'enter' key,
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                textReceived = true;
                synchronized (textField) {
                    // notify game loop thread which is waiting on this event
                    textField.notifyAll();
                }
            }
        });
        contentPane.add(textField, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane();
        contentPane.add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        textArea = new JTextArea();
        textArea.setFont(new Font("Consolas", Font.PLAIN, 12));
        textArea.setLineWrap(true);
        textArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);
        textArea.setForeground(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
        textArea.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        textArea.setEditable(false);
        scrollPane.setViewportView(textArea);

        // Start game loop in new thread since we block the thread when
        // waiting for input and we don't want to block the UI thread
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                playGame();
            }
        }).start();
    }

    private void playGame() {
        Random rand = new Random();
        boolean playAgain = false;
        int wins = 0, losses = 0, draw = 0;
        do {
            int num = rand.nextInt(3); // 0-2 inclusive
            textArea.append("Guess the number [0-2]: \n");
            int guess = Integer.parseInt(requestInput());
            int computerGuess = rand.nextInt(3);
            textArea.append("You: " + guess + "\tComputer: " + computerGuess + "\tNumber: " + num + "\n");
            if (guess == num && computerGuess == num || guess != num && computerGuess != num) {
                draw++;
                textArea.append("Draw!\n");
            } else if (guess == num) {
                wins++;
                textArea.append("You win!\n");
            } else if (computerGuess == num) {
                losses++;
                textArea.append("Computer wins :(\n");
            }
            textArea.append("Play again [y/n]? \n");
            playAgain = requestInput().startsWith("y");
        } while (playAgain);
        textArea.append("Wins: " + wins + "\nLosses: " + losses + "\nDraw: " + draw + "\n");
    }

    private String requestInput() {
        textField.setEnabled(true);
        textField.requestFocus();
        // wait on text field till UI thread signals a user input event
        synchronized (textField) {
            while (!textReceived) {
                try {
                    textField.wait();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        String input = textField.getText();
        textField.setText("");
        textField.setEnabled(false);
        textReceived = false;
        return input;
    }
}