Java Selenium:如何解决org.openqa.Selenium.InvalidelementState异常:元素状态无效
我读过一些在线文章,它们都指向一个方向,即当页面加载元素时,找不到元素。在my setData()中,您可以看到我尝试了一些方法,例如使用wait、implicitwait和第一次单击然后发送用户名。然而,一切似乎都不起作用。我还想过在pageProperties中使用“wait”,但后来改变了主意,因为这可能是一个糟糕的设计 错误:Java Selenium:如何解决org.openqa.Selenium.InvalidelementState异常:元素状态无效,java,selenium,selenium-webdriver,webdriver,Java,Selenium,Selenium Webdriver,Webdriver,我读过一些在线文章,它们都指向一个方向,即当页面加载元素时,找不到元素。在my setData()中,您可以看到我尝试了一些方法,例如使用wait、implicitwait和第一次单击然后发送用户名。然而,一切似乎都不起作用。我还想过在pageProperties中使用“wait”,但后来改变了主意,因为这可能是一个糟糕的设计 错误: Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: inva
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: invalid element state
系统信息:Windows 10,ChromeDriver 2.37.544315,chrome=65.0.3
代码:
public class Tour {
public static WebDriver driver;
//browser URL information
public WebDriver getBrowser(String browser, String url){
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Users\\Downloads\\chromedriver.exe");
if(browser.equals("cc")){
driver= new ChromeDriver();
}
driver.get(url);
return driver;
}
// User name and continue button property from 1st page
public void pageUserNameProperty(String un){
WebElement login=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']"));
WebElement cont_btn=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@type,'submit')]"));
//WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);
//wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']")));
login.sendKeys(un);
cont_btn.click();
}
// Password and continue button property from 2nd page
public void pagePassTourProperty(String psd){
WebElement password=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='password']"));
WebElement lgn_btn=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@type,'submit')]"));
//WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);
//wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']")));
password.sendKeys(psd);
lgn_btn.click();
}
// Supply Data for test from excel
public void setData(){
Tour tour= new Tour();
tour.getBrowser("cc", "https://wordpress.com/log-in");
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);
WebElement login_field=wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']")));
login_field.click();
//driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(18, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
tour.pageUserNameProperty("JoeThomas");
//wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//input[@id='passTour']")));
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
tour.pagePassTourProperty("psd231");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Tour tour= new Tour();
tour.setData();
}
}
错误:
Starting ChromeDriver 2.37.544315 (730aa6a5fdba159ac9f4c1e8cbc59bf1b5ce12b7) on port 2644
Only local connections are allowed.
Apr 18, 2018 7:09:26 AM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession
INFO: Detected dialect: OSS
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: invalid element state (Session info: chrome=65.0.3325.181)
(Driver info: chromedriver=2.37.544315 (730aa6a5fdba159ac9f4c1e8cbc59bf1b5ce12b7),platform=Windows NT 10.0.15063 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information) Command duration or timeout: 0 milliseconds Build info: version: '3.11.0', revision: 'e59cfb3', time: '2018-03-11T20:33:15.31Z' System info: host: 'XYZ', ip: '123', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_91'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: false, acceptSslCerts: false, applicationCacheEnabled: false, browserConnectionEnabled: false, browserName: chrome, chrome: {chromedriverVersion: 2.37.544315 (730aa6a5fdba15..., userDataDir: C:\Users\CHQ-SH~1\AppData\L...}, cssSelectorsEnabled: true, databaseEnabled: false, handlesAlerts: true, hasTouchScreen: false, javascriptEnabled: true, locationContextEnabled: true, mobileEmulationEnabled: false, nativeEvents: true, networkConnectionEnabled: false, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platform: XP, platformName: XP, rotatable: false, setWindowRect: true, takesHeapSnapshot: true, takesScreenshot: true, unexpectedAlertBehaviour: , unhandledPromptBehavior: , version: 65.0.3325.181, webStorageEnabled: true}
Session ID: 3298d88e517d756790ab6792e45257f1
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
谢谢你的时间和建议
实验:
public class Tour {
public static WebDriver driver;
//browser URL information
public WebDriver getBrowser(String browser, String url){
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Users\\chq-sheikhr\\Downloads\\chromedriver.exe");
if(browser.equals("cc")){
driver= new ChromeDriver();
}
driver.get(url);
return driver;
}
// User name and continue button property from 1st page
public void pageUserNameProperty(String un){
WebElement login=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']"));
WebElement cont_btn=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@type,'submit')]"));
login.sendKeys(un);
cont_btn.click();
}
// Password and continue button property from 2nd page
public void pagePasswordProperty(String psd){
WebElement password=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='password']"));
WebElement lgn_btn=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[contains(@type,'submit')]"));
password.sendKeys(psd);
lgn_btn.click();
}
// A method - isElementExists to check whether that element exists or not
public boolean isElementExists(By xpath){
return driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']")).size() > 0;
}
/*create a method waitForElement and pass wait time in seconds to it, it is not a hard code wait as it
* will continuously check whether that element is exist or not and then it will wait for 1 seconds on
* every iteration of for loop
*/
public boolean waitForElement(int timeInSeconds, By xpath){
try{
for(int i=0;i<timeInSeconds;i++){
if(isElementExists(xpath))
return true;
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}catch(Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
public void setData(){
Tour tour= new Tour();
tour.getBrowser("cc", "https://wordpress.com/log-in");
tour.waitForElement(10, By.xpath("//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']"));
tour.pageUserNameProperty("JoeThoman");
tour.pagePasswordProperty("pasd123");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Tour tour= new Tour();
tour.setData();
}
}
公共课旅游{
公共静态WebDriver;
//浏览器URL信息
公共WebDriver getBrowser(字符串浏览器、字符串url){
System.setProperty(“webdriver.chrome.driver”,“C:\\Users\\chq sheikhr\\Downloads\\chromedriver.exe”);
if(browser.equals(“cc”)){
驱动程序=新的ChromeDriver();
}
获取(url);
返回驱动器;
}
//第1页的用户名和“继续”按钮属性
公共无效PageUserName属性(字符串un){
WebElement login=driver.findElement(By.xpath(//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']);
WebElement cont_btn=driver.findElement(By.xpath(//button[contains(@type,'submit')]);
登录。发送密钥(un);
继续点击();
}
//第2页的密码和继续按钮属性
公共无效pagePasswordProperty(字符串psd){
WebElement password=driver.findElement(By.xpath(//input[@id='password']);
WebElement lgn_btn=driver.findElement(By.xpath(//button[contains(@type,'submit')]);
密码。发送键(psd);
lgn_btn.单击();
}
//方法-isElementExists检查该元素是否存在
公共布尔isElementExists(通过xpath){
返回driver.findElements(By.xpath(//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']).size()>0;
}
/*创建一个waitForElement方法并将等待时间(以秒为单位)传递给它,因为它不是硬代码等待
*将持续检查该元素是否存在,然后在上等待1秒
*for循环的每次迭代
*/
公共布尔waitForElement(int-timeInSeconds,通过xpath){
试一试{
对于(int i=0;i要使其一致,请遵循以下步骤:
A)创建一个方法-isElementExists来检查元素是否存在,如下所示:
public boolean isElementExists(String xpathOfElement){
return driver.findElements(By.xpath(xpathOfElement)).size() > 0;
}
public boolean waitForElement(int timeInSeconds, String xpathOfElement){
try{
for(int i=0;i<timeInSeconds;i++){
if(isElementExists(xpathOfElement))
return true;
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}catch(Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
B)现在创建一个方法waitForElement并将等待时间以秒为单位传递给它,这不是一个硬代码等待,因为它将持续检查元素是否存在,然后在for循环的每次迭代中等待1秒,如下所示低点:
public boolean isElementExists(String xpathOfElement){
return driver.findElements(By.xpath(xpathOfElement)).size() > 0;
}
public boolean waitForElement(int timeInSeconds, String xpathOfElement){
try{
for(int i=0;i<timeInSeconds;i++){
if(isElementExists(xpathOfElement))
return true;
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}catch(Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
public boolean waitForElement(int-timeinsectonds,String-xpathofeelement){
试一试{
对于(int i=0;i要使其一致,请遵循以下步骤:
A)创建一个方法-isElementExists来检查元素是否存在,如下所示:
public boolean isElementExists(String xpathOfElement){
return driver.findElements(By.xpath(xpathOfElement)).size() > 0;
}
public boolean waitForElement(int timeInSeconds, String xpathOfElement){
try{
for(int i=0;i<timeInSeconds;i++){
if(isElementExists(xpathOfElement))
return true;
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}catch(Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
B)现在创建一个方法waitForElement并将等待时间以秒为单位传递给它,这不是一个硬代码等待,因为它将持续检查元素是否存在,然后在for循环的每次迭代中等待1秒,如下所示低点:
public boolean isElementExists(String xpathOfElement){
return driver.findElements(By.xpath(xpathOfElement)).size() > 0;
}
public boolean waitForElement(int timeInSeconds, String xpathOfElement){
try{
for(int i=0;i<timeInSeconds;i++){
if(isElementExists(xpathOfElement))
return true;
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}catch(Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
public boolean waitForElement(int-timeinsectonds,String-xpathofeelement){
试一试{
对于(int i=0;i此错误消息
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: invalid element state
…表示您尝试与之交互的元素处于无法执行操作的状态
InvalidElementStateException
是一种类型,表示您尝试与之交互的WebElement处于无法对其执行操作的状态。当单击时某个元素被另一个元素遮挡,或者所需的元素可能在屏幕上不可见时,可能会出现这种情况
解决方案
你必须考虑以下几个事实:
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:/path/to/geckodriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://wordpress.com/log-in");
new WebDriverWait(driver,30).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']"))).sendKeys("JoeThomas");
- 切勿隐式混淆wait()和WebDriverWait(),因为清楚地提到了以下内容:
不要混合使用隐式和显式等待。这样做可能会导致不可预测的等待时间。例如,将隐式等待设置为10秒,显式等待设置为15秒,可能会导致20秒后出现超时
因此,您需要删除隐式wait()的所有实例
- 由于您需要将字符发送到电子邮件地址或用户名字段,因此需要使用方法来代替ExpectedConditions方法
visibilityOfElementLocated()
- 访问url的简单脚本
https://wordpress.com/log-in
并将字符发送到电子邮件地址或用户名字段,如下所示:
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:/path/to/geckodriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://wordpress.com/log-in");
new WebDriverWait(driver,30).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//input[@id='usernameOrEmail']"))).sendKeys("JoeThomas");
- WebClient的快照:
使现代化
根据您评论中的反问题,WebDriverWait会以特定的间隔(默认为500毫秒)轮询,直到配置的时间量(您的情况下为30秒)。元素将在满足后立即返回。例如,如果在1秒内找到所需元素,则返回该元素并执行下一行代码。不涉及延迟。根据构造函数,您始终可以配置timeOutInSeconds和sleepInMillis,即轮询间隔
参考
有关详细讨论,请参见:
此错误消息
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException: invalid element state
…表示您使用的元素