Java Spring MVC测试结果为415错误

我正在尝试为用SpringMVC实现的RESTAPI编写集成测试

以下是我的REST实现：

import org.myproject.api.input.ProjectInput;
import org.myproject.dao.ProjectsDao;
import org.myproject.model.Project;
import org.myproject.model.Projects;
import org.myproject.util.Exceptions;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/projects")
public class ProjectsApi {

    @Autowired
    private ProjectsDao projectsDao;

    ...

    @RequestMapping(value = "/",
        method = RequestMethod.POST,
        produces = {"application/json"},
        consumes = {"application/json"})
    public @ResponseBody Project addProject(@RequestBody ProjectInput projectInput) throws IOException {
        logger.info("Add project");
        Project project = projectInput.createProject();
        projectsDao.add(project);

        return project;
     }
}

以下是ProjectInput类：

@XmlRootElement
public class ProjectInput {
    private String name;
    private String description;

    // Constructor to make JSON converter happy
    private ProjectInput() {}

    public ProjectInput(String name, String description) {
        this.name = name;
        this.description = description;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }
}

这是我的测试：

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.openboard.api.input.ProjectInput;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath*:applicationContext.xml"})
public class TestProjectsApi {

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void testAddProject() throws Exception {
        ProjectInput input = new ProjectInput("name", "description");
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(input);
        // json value is: {"name":"name","description":"description"}

        mockMvc.perform(post("/projects/")
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .content(json.getBytes()))
        .andDo(print())
        .andExpect(status().isOk())
        .andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
    }
}

很遗憾，我收到以下错误：

org.myproject.api.TestProjectsApi > testAddProject FAILED
    java.lang.AssertionError: Status expected:<200> but was:<415>
        at org.springframework.test.util.AssertionErrors.fail(AssertionErrors.java:60)
        at org.springframework.test.util.AssertionErrors.assertEquals(AssertionErrors.java:89)
        at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.StatusResultMatchers$10.match(StatusResultMatchers.java:653)
        at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc$1.andExpect(MockMvc.java:152)
        at org.myproject.api.TestProjectsApi.testAddProject(TestProjectsApi.java:48)

UPD。我在请求中添加了一个print（），以查看发送/接收的内容：

org.myproject.api.TestProjectsApi > testAddProject STANDARD_OUT

    MockHttpServletRequest:
             HTTP Method = POST
             Request URI = /projects/
              Parameters = {}
                 Headers = {Content-Type=[application/json]}

                 Handler:
                    Type = org.myproject.api.ProjectsApi

                   Async:
           Async started = false
            Async result = null

      Resolved Exception:
                    Type = org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException

            ModelAndView:
               View name = null
                    View = null
                   Model = null

                FlashMap:

    MockHttpServletResponse:
                  Status = 415
           Error message = null
                 Headers = {Accept=[application/octet-stream, */*, text/plain;charset=ISO-8859-1, */*, application/xml, text/xml, application/*+xml, application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data]}
            Content type = null
                    Body = 
           Forwarded URL = null
          Redirected URL = null
                 Cookies = []
Gradle Test Executor 1 finished executing tests.

---

您好将控制器的方法params consumes and Productions更改为：

consumes = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE,produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE

您的测试用例

@Test
    public void testAddProject() throws Exception {
        ProjectInput input = new ProjectInput("name", "description");
        mockMvc.perform(post("/projects/")
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .content(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(input)))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
    }

编辑：

---

问题出在你的

项目中。缺少默认构造函数。
我的applicationContext.xml中没有消息转换器bean

我必须补充以下内容：

<bean id="jacksonMessageConverter" `class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>`
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
    <property name="messageConverters">
        <list>
            <ref bean="jacksonMessageConverter"/>
        </list>
    </property>
</bean>

`

现在一切正常。
我遇到了一个类似的情况，我可以通过添加header accept和content type来解决它

Headers = {Accept=[application/json;charset=UTF-8], 
                   Content-Type=[application/json;charset=UTF-8]}

在测试模块中：

MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_JSON_UTF8 = new MediaType("application", "json", java.nio.charset.Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
MockHttpServletRequestBuilder request = post("/myPostPath");
request.content(json);
request.locale(Locale.JAPANESE);
request.accept(MEDIA_TYPE_JSON_UTF8);
request.contentType(MEDIA_TYPE_JSON_UTF8);
mockMvc.perform(request)
    .andDo(print())
    .andExpect(status().isOk());

首先，我只放置
请求。接受（..）
。但是在添加了
request.contentType（…）
之后，它终于起作用了。
我遇到了这个问题，并且能够通过向我的测试的SpringContext类添加@EnableWebMvc注释来解决它。
您正在接受
应用程序/json；charset=UTF-8
但正在发送
应用程序/json
。。。不匹配，因此不受支持。我已根据您的建议更新了代码，但仍然无效。是否发送正确的JSON？看起来正确。我已经添加了JSON输入（在测试中的注释中）。我还添加了ProjectInput类的定义。您没有属性的setter。根据您的建议修复了所有问题，但没有任何帮助。我错过了“项目”末尾的斜杠请参见editI在末尾添加了斜杠，但仍然有相同的415错误。这是不可能的，我测试了您的代码，并在我的环境中按预期工作。您正在使用哪些导入语句？您是如何运行测试用例的？哪一个是你的IDE？嗯。。。有趣。我已经将您要求的信息添加到我的问题中。您不需要手动注册转换器。如果您在类路径上有jackson库，并且您使用xml中的mvc:annotation-driven元素或@EnableWebMvc for Java Config，则默认情况下应该注册转换器。这解决了我的问题，我感到非常惊讶。很奇怪，但很有效。是的，我也很惊讶！简单的时候很好，即使看起来很奇怪。这也解决了我的问题。有人知道为什么/如何修复它吗？我没有花时间深入研究它，但是“将此注释添加到@Configuration类会从WebMvcConfigurationSupport导入Spring MVC配置”对我来说，也只是在发布列表时添加了ContentType，测试现在可以工作了。谢谢！这很好，您还可以直接在accept（..）和contentType（..）中引用静态成员MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON，无需声明自己的。wich更容易出错
MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_JSON_UTF8 = new MediaType("application", "json", java.nio.charset.Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
MockHttpServletRequestBuilder request = post("/myPostPath");
request.content(json);
request.locale(Locale.JAPANESE);
request.accept(MEDIA_TYPE_JSON_UTF8);
request.contentType(MEDIA_TYPE_JSON_UTF8);
mockMvc.perform(request)
    .andDo(print())
    .andExpect(status().isOk());