Java 策略模式-如何注入策略-NonuniqueBeandDefinitionException_Java_Spring_Dependency Injection_Strategy Pattern

Java 策略模式-如何注入策略-NonuniqueBeandDefinitionException

java spring dependency-injection

Java 策略模式-如何注入策略-NonuniqueBeandDefinitionException,java,spring,dependency-injection,strategy-pattern,Java,Spring,Dependency Injection,Strategy Pattern,我正在开发一个解决方案，在一个SMS服务中实现多个提供者。我需要一种从上下文注入strategy类的方法。问题在于选择取决于外部属性。当我尝试部署此代码时，我得到 org.springframework.beans.factory.nouniquebeandDefinitionException:没有类型符合条件的bean @Component public class ContextProvider { private @Inject MessageDAO messageDAO;

我正在开发一个解决方案，在一个SMS服务中实现多个提供者。我需要一种从上下文注入strategy类的方法。问题在于选择取决于外部属性。当我尝试部署此代码时，我得到

org.springframework.beans.factory.nouniquebeandDefinitionException:没有类型符合条件的bean

@Component
public class ContextProvider {

private @Inject
    MessageDAO messageDAO;

private @Inject
    SmsProvider strategy;

public Integer send(String user,String password) {

        List<Sms> list = extractSmsList();

        return strategy.send(user,password, list);
}
public void setStrategy(SmsProvider strategy) {
        this.strategy = strategy;
    }

@Component("provider1")
public class Provider1 implements SmsProvider {

private @Inject
    MessageDAO messageDAO;

public Integer send(String user, String password, List<Sms> list) {

Status serviceErrorStatus = messageDAO.find(Status.class, 400);
...
}

@Component("provider2")
public class Provider2 implements SmsProvider{

private @Inject
    MessageDAO messageDAO;

@Override
    public Integer send(String user, String password, List<Sms> list) {
        Status serviceErrorStatus = messageDAO.find(Status.class, 400);
...
}

在这里，我向您展示我的代码：

提供商界面

public interface SmsProvider {

    public Integer send(String user, String password,List<Sms> list);

}

我还尝试删除strategies类中的@Component和上下文类中smsProvider声明中的@Inject，我在Dao类中得到了一个NullPointerException，我真的需要这个Dao。我正在使用Spring3.2.16-RELEASE和Java7.0.15 请帮忙。任何指示都会有帮助提前谢谢

编辑我在tomcat 6服务器中添加了stacktrace：

14:58:48.044 - mycompany_myCompanyFramework_Init[ERROR] - [main] ERROR o.s.web.context.ContextLoader - Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'smsBC': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.service.MessageService net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.bc.SmsBCImpl.smsService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'smsService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.SmsServiceImpl.context; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'contextProvider': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1146) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:296) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:293) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:628) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:932) ~[spring-context-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479) ~[spring-context-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:389) ~[spring-web-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:294) ~[spring-web-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:112) [spring-web-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at net.mycompany.mycompanyframework.component.web.spring.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:37) [mycompanyFramework-web-3.4.5.jar:na]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4210) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4709) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:822) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.7.0_15]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) ~[na:1.7.0_15]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.7.0_15]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) ~[na:1.7.0_15]
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) [bootstrap.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) [bootstrap.jar:6.0.39]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.service.MessageService net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.bc.SmsBCImpl.smsService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'smsService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.SmsServiceImpl.context; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'contextProvider': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:517) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:286) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 29 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'smsService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.SmsServiceImpl.context; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'contextProvider': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1146) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:296) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:293) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:912) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:855) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:770) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:489) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 31 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.SmsServiceImpl.context; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'contextProvider': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:517) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:286) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 42 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'contextProvider': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1146) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:296) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:293) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:912) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:855) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:770) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:489) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 44 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:517) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:286) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 55 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:988) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:858) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:770) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:489) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 57 common frames omitted

我将利用Spring提供的FactoryBean接口，并在适当的位置封装SmsProvider的创建。在使用注释配置时，根据类定义，FactoryBean配置如下所示：

首先：我们封装了基于注入外部属性的策略选择：

@Component
public class SmsProviderFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<SmsProvider>{

    @Inject
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Value("${net.mycompany.sms.service.smsProvider}")
    private int smsProvider;

    @Override
    public SmsProvider getObject() throws Exception {
        SmsProvider smsProvider = null;

        switch (smsProvider) {
            case 1:
                smsProvider = (SmsProvider) applicationContext.getBean("provider1");
            case 2:
                smsProvider = (SmsProvider) applicationContext.getBean("provider2");
        }

        return smsProvider;
    }
}

第三：在注入“smsProvider”时添加@qualifier（这可能不是必需的，取决于您使用的是哪个spring版本）：

试试看。

我将利用Spring提供的FactoryBean接口，并在适当的位置封装SmsProvider的创建。在使用注释配置时，根据类定义，FactoryBean配置如下所示：

首先：我们封装了基于注入外部属性的策略选择：

@Component
public class SmsProviderFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<SmsProvider>{

    @Inject
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Value("${net.mycompany.sms.service.smsProvider}")
    private int smsProvider;

    @Override
    public SmsProvider getObject() throws Exception {
        SmsProvider smsProvider = null;

        switch (smsProvider) {
            case 1:
                smsProvider = (SmsProvider) applicationContext.getBean("provider1");
            case 2:
                smsProvider = (SmsProvider) applicationContext.getBean("provider2");
        }

        return smsProvider;
    }
}

第三：在注入“smsProvider”时添加@qualifier（这可能不是必需的，取决于您使用的是哪个spring版本）：

试试看。

您可以使用spring配置文件来实现这一点。用概要文件注释每个实现：

@Component("provider1")
@Profile("provider1")
public class Provider1 implements SmsProvider {...}

@Component("provider2")
@Profile("provider2")
public class Provider2 implements SmsProvider {...}

启动应用程序时，激活其中一个配置文件。使用spring boot，您可以通过在命令行或属性文件中设置属性“spring.profiles.active”来实现这一点，例如

spring.profiles.active=profile1

您可以随意命名配置文件，我使用与组件相同的名称只是为了简单
仅当您使用ComponentScan时，使用@Profile注释组件类才有效。如果您使用Java配置，则需要注释@Bean方法
您可以在
您也可以在不使用spring引导的情况下使用配置文件，请参见

您可以为此使用弹簧配置文件。用概要文件注释每个实现：

@Component("provider1")
@Profile("provider1")
public class Provider1 implements SmsProvider {...}

@Component("provider2")
@Profile("provider2")
public class Provider2 implements SmsProvider {...}

启动应用程序时，激活其中一个配置文件。使用spring boot，您可以通过在命令行或属性文件中设置属性“spring.profiles.active”来实现这一点，例如

spring.profiles.active=profile1

您可以随意命名配置文件，我使用与组件相同的名称只是为了简单
仅当您使用ComponentScan时，使用@Profile注释组件类才有效。如果您使用Java配置，则需要注释@Bean方法
您可以在
您也可以在不使用spring引导的情况下使用配置文件，请参见

Hi@Stefan Isele-prefactware.com。谢谢你的回复。它不起作用。再次引发

NoniqueBeandDefinitionException

，就像Spring忽略这个一样。正如SpringDoc所说，我尝试在多个路径中添加application.properties，但没有任何效果。我用spring版本编辑了我的问题。是否应该使用此版本？如何实例化bean（类Provider1和Provider2）？您使用xml、ComponentScan还是Java配置？另外，请张贴stacktrace的确切例外情况…我们使用的是ComponentScan。src/main/resources/spring->business.xml。我已经发布了stacktrace。stacktrace显示，根本没有找到这种类型的bean。这可能是因为启动应用程序时未成功激活这两个配置文件中的任何一个。您是如何尝试激活配置文件的？你使用弹簧靴吗？嗨@Stefan Isele-prefactware.com。谢谢你的回复。它不起作用。再次引发

NoniqueBeandDefinitionException