Java 弹簧限定符错误

我在学习弹簧，在学习

@Autowiring

时，遇到了

@Qualifier

。我声明了一个限定符，但仍然引发了一个异常

下面是我的代码

Spring.xml:

WARNING: Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'circle': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'setCenter' parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'circle': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'setCenter' parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:647)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:349)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:775)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:861)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:541)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
    at org.xyz.practice.DrawingApp.main(DrawingApp.java:10)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveNotUnique(DependencyDescriptor.java:172)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1064)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1018)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:639)
    ... 15 more

Circle.java:

WARNING: Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'circle': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'setCenter' parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'circle': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'setCenter' parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:647)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:349)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:775)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:861)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:541)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
    at org.xyz.practice.DrawingApp.main(DrawingApp.java:10)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveNotUnique(DependencyDescriptor.java:172)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1064)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1018)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:639)
    ... 15 more

package org.xyz.practice；
导入org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired；
导入org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier；
公共课圈实现形态{
私人点中心；
公共点获取中心（）{
返回中心；
}
@自动连线
@限定词（“myCircle”）
公共无效设置中心（点中心）{
this.center=center；
}
@凌驾
公众抽签（）{
System.out.println（“画一个圆…”）；
System.out.println（“圆点si（“+center.getX（）+”，“+center.getY（）+”）；
}
}

main类：

WARNING: Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'circle': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'setCenter' parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'circle': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'setCenter' parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:647)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:349)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:775)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:861)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:541)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
    at org.xyz.practice.DrawingApp.main(DrawingApp.java:10)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveNotUnique(DependencyDescriptor.java:172)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1064)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1018)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:639)
    ... 15 more

package org.xyz.practice；
导入org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext；
导入org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext；
公共类绘图{
公共静态void main（字符串[]args）{
ApplicationContext上下文=新的ClassPathXmlApplicationContext（“spring.xml”）；
Shape=（Shape）context.getBean（“圆”）；
shape.draw（）；
}
}

例外情况：

WARNING: Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'circle': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'setCenter' parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'circle': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'setCenter' parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:647)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:349)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:775)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:861)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:541)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
    at org.xyz.practice.DrawingApp.main(DrawingApp.java:10)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.xyz.practice.Point] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: pointA,pointB
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveNotUnique(DependencyDescriptor.java:172)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1064)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1018)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:639)
    ... 15 more

警告：在上下文初始化过程中遇到异常-取消刷新尝试：org.springframework.beans.factory.unsatifiedpendencyException:创建名为“circle”的bean时出错：通过方法“setCenter”参数0表示的未满足依赖项：没有[org.xyz.practice.Point]类型的符合条件的bean定义为：预期单个匹配bean，但找到2:pointA，pointB；嵌套异常为org.springframework.beans.factory.NoniqueBeandDefinitionException:未定义类型为[org.xyz.practice.Point]的符合条件的bean：应为单个匹配bean，但找到2:pointA、pointB
线程“main”org.springframework.beans.factory.unsatifiedpendencyException中的异常：创建名为“circle”的bean时出错：通过方法“setCenter”参数0表示的未满足的依赖关系：未定义[org.xyz.practice.Point]类型的符合条件的bean：应为单个匹配bean，但找到2:pointA、pointB；嵌套异常为org.springframework.beans.factory.NoniqueBeandDefinitionException:未定义类型为[org.xyz.practice.Point]的符合条件的bean：应为单个匹配bean，但找到2:pointA、pointB
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutoWiredNotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject（AutoWiredNotationBeanPostProcessor.java:647）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject（InjectionMetadata.java:88）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutoWiredNotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues（AutoWiredNotationBeanPostProcessor.java:349）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject（AbstractBeanFactory.java:306）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton（DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean（AbstractBeanFactory.java:302）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean（AbstractBeanFactory.java:197）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.PreInstanceSingleton（DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:775）
位于org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization（AbstractApplicationContext.java:861）
位于org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh（AbstractApplicationContext.java:541）
位于org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext。（ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139）
位于org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext。（ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83）
位于org.xyz.practice.DrawingApp.main（DrawingApp.java:10）
原因：org.springframework.beans.factory.NoniqueBeandDefinitionException:未定义[org.xyz.practice.Point]类型的合格bean：应为单个匹配bean，但找到2:pointA、pointB
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveNotUnique（DependencyDescriptor.java:172）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency（DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1064）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency（DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1018）
位于org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutoWiredNotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject（AutoWiredNotationBeanPostProcessor.java:639）
... 还有15个

---

请不要将此标记为重复的

@Resource

（相关）问题，我想一步一步地进行。

将限定符放在您的参数处：

@Autowired
public void setCenter(@Qualifier("myCircle") Point center) {
    this.center = center;
}

---

通过向Circle bean添加center属性，通过xml完成Spring上下文配置

<bean id="circle" class="org.xyz.practice.Circle">
    <property name="center" class="package.Point"/>
</bean>

您也没有使用@Annotation配置，请尽量不要混合使用xml和@Annotation配置。如果要使用该配置，请向applicationContext.xml添加组件扫描

<context:component-scan base-package="base.package.to.scan" />

---

Hi friend，这对我来说很好，但我提到的教程不是menti