Java Jackson JSON、不可变类和接口
我正在使用Jackson示例,在使用不可变的类和接口进行反序列化时遇到了一些问题 下面是我的代码:Java Jackson JSON、不可变类和接口,java,json,interface,immutability,jackson,Java,Json,Interface,Immutability,Jackson,我正在使用Jackson示例,在使用不可变的类和接口进行反序列化时遇到了一些问题 下面是我的代码: package com.art.starter.jackson_starter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.StringReader; import java.io.StringWriter; import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerationException; import org.codehau
package com.art.starter.jackson_starter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerationException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonMappingException;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
/** * Hello world! * */ public class App {
public static void main( String[] args ) throws JsonGenerationException, JsonMappingException, IOException
{
System.out.println( "Hello World!" );
AddressImpl.AddressBuilder builder = new AddressImpl.AddressBuilder();
NameImpl.Builder nameBuilder = new NameImpl.Builder();
UserImpl.Builder userBuilder = new UserImpl.Builder();
Name name = nameBuilder.first("FirstName")
.last("LastName")
.build();
Address address = builder.setCity("TestCity")
.setCountry("TestCountry")
.setState("PA")
.setStreet("TestAddress")
.setZip(123)
.build();
User user = userBuilder.address(address)
.gender(User.Gender.MALE)
.isVerified(true)
.userImage(new byte[5])
.build();
System.out.println(address);
System.out.println(name);
System.out.println(user);
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.writeValue(sw, user);
System.out.println(sw);
StringReader sr = new StringReader("{\"address\":{\"state\":\"PA\",\"country\":\"TestCountry\",\"street\":\"TestAddress\",\"city\":\"TestCity\",\"zip\":123},\"verified\":true,\"gender\":\"MALE\",\"userImage\":\"AAAAAAA=\"}");
/*
This line throws the Exception
*/
User user2 = mapper.readValue(sr, UserImpl.class);
System.out.println(user2);
} }
package com.art.starter.jackson_starter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.codehaus.jackson.annotate.JsonCreator;
import org.codehaus.jackson.annotate.JsonProperty;
public final class UserImpl implements User
{
private final Address address;
private final Gender gender;
private final byte[] userImage;
private final boolean isVerified;
public static class Builder
{
private Address address;
private Gender gender;
// private Name name;
private byte[] userImage;
private boolean isVerified;
public Builder address(Address address)
{
this.address = address;
return this;
}
public Builder gender(Gender gender)
{
this.gender = gender;
return this;
}
// public Builder name(Name name)
// {
// this.name = name;
// return this;
// }
public Builder userImage(byte[] userImage)
{
this.userImage = userImage;
return this;
}
public Builder isVerified(boolean isVerified)
{
this.isVerified = isVerified;
return this;
}
public UserImpl build()
{
return new UserImpl(address, gender, userImage, isVerified);
}
}
@JsonCreator
public UserImpl(@JsonProperty("address") Address address, @JsonProperty("gender") Gender gender, @JsonProperty("userImage") byte[] userImage,
@JsonProperty("verified") boolean isVerified)
{
super();
this.address = address;
this.gender = gender;
this.userImage = userImage;
this.isVerified = isVerified;
}
public Address getAddress()
{
return address;
}
public Gender getGender()
{
return gender;
}
public byte[] getUserImage()
{
return userImage;
}
public boolean isVerified()
{
return isVerified;
}
@Override
public String toString()
{
StringBuilder builder2 = new StringBuilder();
builder2.append("UserImpl [address=");
builder2.append(address);
builder2.append(", gender=");
builder2.append(gender);
builder2.append(", isVerified=");
builder2.append(isVerified);
builder2.append(", name=");
builder2.append(", userImage=");
builder2.append(Arrays.toString(userImage));
builder2.append("]");
return builder2.toString();
}
}
package com.art.starter.jackson_starter;
import org.codehaus.jackson.annotate.JsonCreator;
import org.codehaus.jackson.annotate.JsonProperty;
public final class AddressImpl implements Address
{
private final String city;
private final String country;
private final String street;
private final String state;
private final int zip;
public static class AddressBuilder
{
private String city;
private String country;
private String street;
private String state;
private int zip;
public AddressBuilder setCity(String city)
{
this.city = city;
return this;
}
public AddressBuilder setCountry(String country)
{
this.country = country;
return this;
}
public AddressBuilder setStreet(String street)
{
this.street = street;
return this;
}
public AddressBuilder setState(String state)
{
this.state = state;
return this;
}
public AddressBuilder setZip(int zip)
{
this.zip = zip;
return this;
}
public AddressImpl build()
{
return new AddressImpl(city, country, street, state, zip);
}
}
@JsonCreator
public AddressImpl(@JsonProperty("city") String city, @JsonProperty("country") String country, @JsonProperty("street") String street,
@JsonProperty("state") String state, @JsonProperty("zip") int zip)
{
this.city = city;
this.country = country;
this.street = street;
this.state = state;
this.zip = zip;
}
public String getCity()
{
return city;
}
public String getCountry()
{
return country;
}
public String getStreet()
{
return street;
}
public String getState()
{
return state;
}
public int getZip()
{
return zip;
}
@Override
public String toString()
{
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
builder.append("AddressImpl [city=");
builder.append(city);
builder.append(", country=");
builder.append(country);
builder.append(", state=");
builder.append(state);
builder.append(", street=");
builder.append(street);
builder.append(", zip=");
builder.append(zip);
builder.append("]");
return builder.toString();
}
}
问题似乎与地址有关。我得到一个例外:
Exception in thread "main" org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonMappingException: Can not construct instance of com.art.starter.jackson_starter.Address, problem: abstract types can only be instantiated with additional type information
at [Source: java.io.StringReader@785f8172; line: 1, column: 2]
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonMappingException.from(JsonMappingException.java:163)
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.deser.StdDeserializationContext.instantiationException(StdDeserializationContext.java:212)
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.deser.AbstractDeserializer.deserialize(AbstractDeserializer.java:97)
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.deser.SettableBeanProperty.deserialize(SettableBeanProperty.java:230)
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.deser.BeanDeserializer._deserializeUsingPropertyBased(BeanDeserializer.java:595)
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.deser.BeanDeserializer.deserializeFromObject(BeanDeserializer.java:472)
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.deser.BeanDeserializer.deserialize(BeanDeserializer.java:350)
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper._readMapAndClose(ObjectMapper.java:2391)
at org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper.readValue(ObjectMapper.java:1614)
at com.art.starter.jackson_starter.App.main(App.java:56)
我确信这是因为Jackson无法解析Address,它是AddressImpl的接口,AddressImpl是一个具体的实现。我已经翻阅了这些文档,并阅读了一些关于@JsonDeserialize(as=AddressImpl.class)的文章,但没有成功。所以我被难住了。有没有人用过这个,它是否得到了支持
如果我在
UserImpl
类中将Address
替换为AddressImpl
,它就像一个champ一样工作。如果您没有看到它,下面是一个讨论使用不可变对象和Jackson的示例
但是您应该绝对能够使用@JsonDeserialize(as=AddressImpl.class)代码>通过将其添加到Address.java接口(直接或使用mix-ins),或通过将其添加到字段或属性。需要注意的一点是,对于反序列化,它必须位于您使用的访问器旁边;设置器(若有),若并没有,则在字段旁边。注释(尚未)在访问者之间共享;因此,例如,将其添加到“getter”中是不可行的
Jackson 1.8最终还允许将抽象类型注册为具体类型(有关更多详细信息,请参阅),这可能是指示“AddressImpl”用于“Address”的最佳选项。第56行到底是什么?这将有助于准确地知道什么代码抛出Ex@Aaron-抱歉添加了编辑-它在静态void main的最后一行的下一行,我有一些类似的问题,这个资源可能会有帮助:好了!我在接口中添加了@JsonDeserialize(as=AddressImpl.class),它的工作方式非常好。将UserImpl类添加到成员之上似乎更为谨慎,在接口中指定具体的实现似乎违背了目的,即使它是一个注释。谢谢你的帮助!是的,在界面中添加它并不漂亮;但不幸的是,相反的方法很难做到(如果不是不可能的话),因为无法枚举JVM加载的所有类(以查找注释)。此外,您可以考虑通过COMN INS(参见)添加注释,或者添加到需要地址的构造函数参数中;应该可以将其添加到@JsonProperty旁边