Winapi nologiesZT9FD5“。很公平-我在这里有点不知所措…例如，我想你可能想使用（最坏的情况下，你可以使用并循环，直到找到你想要的打印机），但我们必须等待更了解API的人提供更多帮助。我想，应该只计算连接的打印机？@STATUS\u ACCESS\u

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nologiesZT9FD5“。很公平-我在这里有点不知所措…例如，我想你可能想使用（最坏的情况下，你可以使用并循环，直到找到你想要的打印机），但我们必须等待更了解API的人提供更多帮助。我想，应该只计算连接的打印机？@STATUS\u ACCESS\u DENIED Yes，很明显。找到的路径会立即传递到

CreateFile

。这很有希望；但是，到目前为止，它没有帮助。它给出的

名称

不是打印机的名称，而是打印机的名称是驱动程序的名称。同样，我无法知道这是否是正确的打印机。如果我改为查询

Win32\u打印机

，则

PNPDeviceID

为空，

DeviceID

无效（与打印机名称相同）.PortName属性有帮助吗？没有，

PortName

没有帮助。它是

USB002

，并且

CreateFile

无法打开它。相反，如果端口是“LPT1:”他说。如果你知道如何让

CreateFile

打开像

USB002

这样的东西，那肯定是答案。你试过了吗..\\\USB002？？还记得，如果打印机是共享的，那么您可以直接按名称打开打印机：“\\machine name\printer name”。是的，我已经尝试了

\.\USB002

和

\\？\USB002

。打印机不是共享的，也不是。它不是关于C++的，我对任何语言都很满意（事实上，我用C语言来完成这个项目）我只是选择C++作为最简单的方式开始使用API和结构，而不需要声明PInvoke属性等。驱动程序的名字是无用的，因为它是相同的，我已经安装了相同的打印机。如果你看看这个问题，我已经在做一些类似于你链接到的事情，但是我不确定是否支持以这种方式读取注册表（与依赖于实现的方式相反）。嗯，如果你在做C#，那么API调用需要什么？你还打算如何获得这些信息？首先将redistry设备ID转换为父设备ID，然后将父设备ID转换为usbprint接口路径。NET framework似乎没有提供一种方法。我实际上是说，当有打印机信息时，您甚至不需要使用CreateFile和OpenPrinter api调用来获取打印机信息。我不需要打印机信息。我只需要打印机信息就可以用

CreateFile

打开打印机。由于.NET打印子系统通过后台处理程序以不同的方式打开打印机，所以无法摆脱.NET打印子系统。WMI没有提供所需的信息，正如我在对PrashantGupta答案的评论中所说的。我尝试了您的示例，结果是：

SetupDIEnumDeviceInfo（hdi，0，ref printer_data）

，返回false。我调用了

Marshal.GetLastWin32Error（）

，错误代码是259。我被难住了。我的打印机已插入USB，并显示在注册表中。上述代码应适用于即插即用安装的打印机（大多数消费者打印机）。在我的情况下，打印机不是通过PnP安装的，因此PNPData密钥不存在。还应该注意的是，不建议像这样的硬链接注册表项查找，因为注册表组织可能会发生更改。但是，我还没有找到API函数来建立设备和打印机中的打印机名称与其实际设备之间的关系。

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        ManagementObjectSearcher s = new ManagementObjectSearcher(@"Select * From Win32_PnPEntity");
        foreach (ManagementObject device in s.Get())
        {
            // Try Name, Caption and/or Description (they seem to be same most of the time).
            string Name = (string)device.GetPropertyValue("Name");

            // >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Query String ...
            if (Name == "O2Micro Integrated MMC/SD controller")
            {
                /*
                 class Win32_PnPEntity : CIM_LogicalDevice
                {
                  uint16   Availability;
                  string   Caption;
                  string   ClassGuid;
                  string   CompatibleID[];
                  uint32   ConfigManagerErrorCode;
                  boolean  ConfigManagerUserConfig;
                  string   CreationClassName;
                  string   Description;
                  string   DeviceID;
                  boolean  ErrorCleared;
                  string   ErrorDescription;
                  string   HardwareID[];
                  datetime InstallDate;
                  uint32   LastErrorCode;
                  string   Manufacturer;
                  string   Name;
                  string   PNPDeviceID;
                  uint16   PowerManagementCapabilities[];
                  boolean  PowerManagementSupported;
                  string   Service;
                  string   Status;
                  uint16   StatusInfo;
                  string   SystemCreationClassName;
                  string   SystemName;
                };
                */

                try
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Name         : {0}", Name);
                    Console.WriteLine("DeviceID     : {0}", device.GetPropertyValue("DeviceID"));
                    Console.WriteLine("PNPDeviceID  : {0}", device.GetPropertyValue("PNPDeviceID"));
                    Console.WriteLine("ClassGuid    : {0}", device.GetPropertyValue("ClassGuid"));
                    Console.WriteLine("HardwareID   :\n{0}", JoinStrings(device.GetPropertyValue("HardwareID") as string[]));
                    Console.WriteLine("CompatibleID :\n{0}", JoinStrings(device.GetPropertyValue("CompatibleID") as string[]));
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("ERROR: {0}", e.Message);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    static string JoinStrings(string[] sarray)
    {
        StringBuilder b = new StringBuilder();
        if (sarray != null)
        {
            foreach (string s in sarray)
                b.Append("        '" + s + "'\n");
        }
        return b.ToString();
    }

Description  : O2Micro Integrated MMC/SD controller
DeviceID     : PCI\VEN_1217&DEV_8221&SUBSYS_04931028&REV_05\4&26B31A7F&0&00E5
PNPDeviceID  : PCI\VEN_1217&DEV_8221&SUBSYS_04931028&REV_05\4&26B31A7F&0&00E5
ClassGuid    : {4d36e97b-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}
HardwareID   :
        'PCI\VEN_1217&DEV_8221&SUBSYS_04931028&REV_05'
        'PCI\VEN_1217&DEV_8221&SUBSYS_04931028'
        'PCI\VEN_1217&DEV_8221&CC_080501'
        'PCI\VEN_1217&DEV_8221&CC_0805'

CompatibleID :         'PCI\VEN_1217&DEV_8221&REV_05'
        'PCI\VEN_1217&DEV_8221'
        'PCI\VEN_1217&CC_080501'
        'PCI\VEN_1217&CC_0805'
        'PCI\VEN_1217'
        'PCI\CC_080501'
        'PCI\CC_0805'

usb\vid_0a5f&pid_0027\46a072900549\{28d78fad-5a12-11d1-ae5b-0000f803a8c2}

usb#vid_0a5f&pid_0027#46a072900549#{28d78fad-5a12-11d1-ae5b-0000f803a8c2}

Name         : Microsoft XPS Document Writer
Description  :
DeviceID     : Microsoft XPS Document Writer
PNPDeviceID  :
PortName  : XPSPort:


Name         : Fax
Description  :
DeviceID     : Fax
PNPDeviceID  :
PortName  : SHRFAX:

public static class UsbPrinterResolver
{

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    private struct SP_DEVINFO_DATA
    {
        public uint cbSize;
        public Guid ClassGuid;
        public uint DevInst;
        public IntPtr Reserved;
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    private struct SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA
    {
        public uint cbSize;
        public Guid InterfaceClassGuid;
        public uint Flags;
        public IntPtr Reserved;
    }


    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, Pack = 1)]
    private struct SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA  // Only used for Marshal.SizeOf. NOT!
    {
        public uint cbSize;
        public char DevicePath;
    }


    [DllImport("cfgmgr32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = false, ExactSpelling = true)]
    private static extern uint CM_Get_Parent(out uint pdnDevInst, uint dnDevInst, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("cfgmgr32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = false)]
    private static extern uint CM_Get_Device_ID(uint dnDevInst, string Buffer, uint BufferLen, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("cfgmgr32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = false, ExactSpelling = true)]
    private static extern uint CM_Get_Device_ID_Size(out uint pulLen, uint dnDevInst, uint ulFlags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern IntPtr SetupDiGetClassDevs([In(), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] System.Guid ClassGuid, string Enumerator, IntPtr hwndParent, uint Flags);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern int SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, uint MemberIndex, ref SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern int SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, [In()] ref SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData, [In(), MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] System.Guid InterfaceClassGuid, uint MemberIndex, ref SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA DeviceInterfaceData);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern int SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet, [In()] ref SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA DeviceInterfaceData, IntPtr DeviceInterfaceDetailData, uint DeviceInterfaceDetailDataSize, out uint RequiredSize, IntPtr DeviceInfoData);

    [DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true)]
    private static extern int SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(IntPtr DeviceInfoSet);

    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    private static extern IntPtr CreateFile(string lpFileName, uint dwDesiredAccess, int dwShareMode, IntPtr lpSecurityAttributes, int dwCreationDisposition, int dwFlagsAndAttributes, IntPtr hTemplateFile);

    private const uint DIGCF_PRESENT = 0x00000002U;
    private const uint DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE = 0x00000010U;
    private const int ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER = 122;
    private const uint CR_SUCCESS = 0;

    private const int FILE_SHARE_READ = 1;
    private const int FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 2;
    private const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;
    private const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;
    private const int OPEN_EXISTING = 3;

    private static readonly Guid GUID_PRINTER_INSTALL_CLASS = new Guid(0x4d36e979, 0xe325, 0x11ce, 0xbf, 0xc1, 0x08, 0x00, 0x2b, 0xe1, 0x03, 0x18);
    private static readonly Guid GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USBPRINT = new Guid(0x28d78fad, 0x5a12, 0x11D1, 0xae, 0x5b, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x03, 0xa8, 0xc2);
    private static readonly IntPtr INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = new IntPtr(-1);


    private static string GetPrinterRegistryInstanceID(string PrinterName) {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(PrinterName)) throw new ArgumentNullException("PrinterName");

        const string key_template = @"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Printers\{0}\PNPData";

        using (var hk = Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(
                            string.Format(key_template, PrinterName),
                            Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKeyPermissionCheck.Default,
                            System.Security.AccessControl.RegistryRights.QueryValues
                        )
               )
        {

            if (hk == null) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("PrinterName", "This printer does not have PnP data.");

            return (string)hk.GetValue("DeviceInstanceId");
        }
    }

    private static string GetPrinterParentDeviceId(string RegistryInstanceID) {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(RegistryInstanceID)) throw new ArgumentNullException("RegistryInstanceID");

        IntPtr hdi = SetupDiGetClassDevs(GUID_PRINTER_INSTALL_CLASS, RegistryInstanceID, IntPtr.Zero, DIGCF_PRESENT);
        if (hdi.Equals(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception();

        try
        {
            SP_DEVINFO_DATA printer_data = new SP_DEVINFO_DATA();
            printer_data.cbSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA));

            if (SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hdi, 0, ref printer_data) == 0) throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception();   // Only one device in the set

            uint cmret = 0;

            uint parent_devinst = 0;
            cmret = CM_Get_Parent(out parent_devinst, printer_data.DevInst, 0);
            if (cmret != CR_SUCCESS) throw new Exception(string.Format("Failed to get parent of the device '{0}'. Error code: 0x{1:X8}", RegistryInstanceID, cmret));


            uint parent_device_id_size = 0;
            cmret = CM_Get_Device_ID_Size(out parent_device_id_size, parent_devinst, 0);
            if (cmret != CR_SUCCESS) throw new Exception(string.Format("Failed to get size of the device ID of the parent of the device '{0}'. Error code: 0x{1:X8}", RegistryInstanceID, cmret));

            parent_device_id_size++;  // To include the null character

            string parent_device_id = new string('\0', (int)parent_device_id_size);
            cmret = CM_Get_Device_ID(parent_devinst, parent_device_id, parent_device_id_size, 0);
            if (cmret != CR_SUCCESS) throw new Exception(string.Format("Failed to get device ID of the parent of the device '{0}'. Error code: 0x{1:X8}", RegistryInstanceID, cmret));

            return parent_device_id;
        }
        finally
        {
            SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hdi);
        }
    }

    private static string GetUSBInterfacePath(string SystemDeviceInstanceID) {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(SystemDeviceInstanceID)) throw new ArgumentNullException("SystemDeviceInstanceID");

        IntPtr hdi = SetupDiGetClassDevs(GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USBPRINT, SystemDeviceInstanceID, IntPtr.Zero, DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);
        if (hdi.Equals(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception();

        try
        {
            SP_DEVINFO_DATA device_data = new SP_DEVINFO_DATA();
            device_data.cbSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA));

            if (SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hdi, 0, ref device_data) == 0) throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception();  // Only one device in the set

            SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA interface_data = new SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA();
            interface_data.cbSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA));

            if (SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(hdi, ref device_data, GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USBPRINT, 0, ref interface_data) == 0) throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception();   // Only one interface in the set


            // Get required buffer size
            uint required_size = 0;
            SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hdi, ref interface_data, IntPtr.Zero, 0, out required_size, IntPtr.Zero);

            int last_error_code = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
            if (last_error_code != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception(last_error_code);

            IntPtr interface_detail_data = Marshal.AllocCoTaskMem((int)required_size);

            try
            {

                // FIXME, don't know how to calculate the size.
                // See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10728644/properly-declare-sp-device-interface-detail-data-for-pinvoke

                switch (IntPtr.Size)
                {
                    case 4:
                        Marshal.WriteInt32(interface_detail_data, 4 + Marshal.SystemDefaultCharSize);
                        break;
                    case 8:
                        Marshal.WriteInt32(interface_detail_data, 8);
                        break;

                    default:
                        throw new NotSupportedException("Architecture not supported.");
                }

                if (SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hdi, ref interface_data, interface_detail_data, required_size, out required_size, IntPtr.Zero) == 0) throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception();

                // TODO: When upgrading to .NET 4, replace that with IntPtr.Add
                return Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(new IntPtr(interface_detail_data.ToInt64() + Marshal.OffsetOf(typeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA), "DevicePath").ToInt64()));

            }
            finally
            {
                Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(interface_detail_data);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hdi);
        }
    }


    public static string GetUSBPath(string PrinterName) {
        return GetUSBInterfacePath(GetPrinterParentDeviceId(GetPrinterRegistryInstanceID(PrinterName)));
    }

    public static Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles.SafeFileHandle OpenUSBPrinter(string PrinterName) {
        return new Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles.SafeFileHandle(CreateFile(GetUSBPath(PrinterName), GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, IntPtr.Zero, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, IntPtr.Zero), true);
    }

}

using (var sh = UsbPrinterResolver.OpenUSBPrinter("Zebra Large"))
{
    using (var f = new System.IO.FileStream(sh, System.IO.FileAccess.ReadWrite))
    {
        // Read from and write to the stream f
    }
}

import _winreg

HKLM = _winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def getDevicePath(printerName):
    key = _winreg.OpenKey(HKLM,
        r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Print\Printers\%s" \
        % printerName)

    value =_winreg.QueryValueEx(key, "Port")[0]
    assert value.startswith("USB"), \
           "Port does not start with 'USB': %s" % value

    printerPortNumber = int(value.replace(u"USB", u""))

    key = _winreg.OpenKey(HKLM,
            r"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\DeviceClasses" \
            r"\{28d78fad-5a12-11d1-ae5b-0000f803a8c2}")

    idx = 0
    devicePath = None
    while True:
        try:
            subKeyName = _winreg.EnumKey(key, idx)
            subKey = _winreg.OpenKey(key, subKeyName)

            try:
                subSubKey = _winreg.OpenKey(subKey, r"#\Device Parameters")
                baseName = _winreg.QueryValueEx(subSubKey, "Base Name")[0]
                portNumber = _winreg.QueryValueEx(subSubKey, "Port Number")[0]
                if baseName == "USB" and portNumber == printerPortNumber:
                    devicePath = subKeyName.replace("##?#USB", r"\\?\usb")
                    break

            except WindowsError:
                continue

            finally:
                idx += 1

        except WindowsError:
            break

    return devicePath