Java 编译时的渐变依赖性问题
我的最终目标是运行这里给出的Netflix Karyon示例 我是格拉德尔和卡里恩的新手。所以在讨论太多未知数之前，我使用Gradle做了一个例子，它使用了一个Jackson依赖项，并将一个JSON对象封送到文件中。它还使用自定义梯度任务执行应用程序。那很好用 任务Java 编译时的渐变依赖性问题,java,gradle,Java,Gradle,我的最终目标是运行这里给出的Netflix Karyon示例 我是格拉德尔和卡里恩的新手。所以在讨论太多未知数之前，我使用Gradle做了一个例子，它使用了一个Jackson依赖项，并将一个JSON对象封送到文件中。它还使用自定义梯度任务执行应用程序。那很好用 任务 ext { javaMainClass = "TestGradle.Library" } task runWithJavaExec(type: JavaExec) { group = "
ext {
javaMainClass = "TestGradle.Library"
}
task runWithJavaExec(type: JavaExec) {
group = "Execution"
description = "Run the main class with JavaExecTask"
classpath = sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
main = javaMainClass
}
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:3: error: package javax.ws.rs does not exist
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:4: error: package javax.ws.rs does not exist
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:5: error: package javax.ws.rs does not exist
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:6: error: package javax.ws.rs.core does not exist
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:7: error: package javax.ws.rs.core does not exist
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:9: error: package com.google.inject does not exist
import com.google.inject.Singleton;
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:11: error: cannot find symbol
@Singleton
^
symbol: class Singleton
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:12: error: cannot find symbol
@Path("/ping")
^
symbol: class Path
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:16: error: cannot find symbol
public Response getTopics() {
^
symbol: class Response
location: class PingPongResource
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/Library.java:12: error: package com.fasterxml.jackson.databind does not exist
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/BootstrapInjectionModule.java:3: error: package com.netflix.governator.annotations does not exist
import com.netflix.governator.annotations.Modules;
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/BootstrapInjectionModule.java:6: error: package netflix.karyon does not exist
import netflix.karyon.KaryonBootstrap;
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/BootstrapInjectionModule.java:7: error: package netflix.karyon does not exist
import netflix.karyon.ShutdownModule;
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/BootstrapInjectionModule.java:12: error: cannot find symbol
@KaryonBootstrap(name = "pingpong-service")
^
symbol: class KaryonBootstrap
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/BootstrapInjectionModule.java:13: error: cannot find symbol
@Modules(include = {
^
symbol: class Modules
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/BootstrapInjectionModule.java:20: error: cannot access KaryonHttpModule
class KaryonJerseyModuleImpl extends KaryonJerseyModule{
^
class file for netflix.karyon.transport.http.KaryonHttpModule not found
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:14: error: cannot find symbol
@GET
^
symbol: class GET
location: class PingPongResource
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:15: error: cannot find symbol
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
^
symbol: class Produces
location: class PingPongResource
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/PingPongResource.java:17: error: cannot find symbol
return Response.ok("{\"Response\" : \"Pong\"}").build();
^
symbol: variable Response
location: class PingPongResource
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/Library.java:20: error: cannot find symbol
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
^
symbol: class ObjectMapper
location: class Library
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/Library.java:20: error: cannot find symbol
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
^
symbol: class ObjectMapper
location: class Library
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/BootstrapInjectionModule.java:22: error: method does not override or implement a method from a supertype
@Override
^
/Users/renjithr/WORK/LEARN/TestGradle/src/main/java/TestGradle/BootstrapInjectionModule.java:24: error: cannot find symbol
server().port(8888).threadPoolSize(100);
^
symbol: method server()
location: class BootstrapInjectionModule.KaryonJerseyModuleImpl
23 errors
plugins {
// Apply the java-library plugin to add support for Java Library
id 'java-library'
id 'application'
}
repositories {
// Use jcenter for resolving dependencies.
// You can declare any Maven/Ivy/file repository here.
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
// This dependency is exported to consumers, that is to say found on their compile classpath.
api 'org.apache.commons:commons-math3:3.6.1'
// https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core
//compile group: 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core', name: 'jackson-core', version: '2.10.2'
// https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind
//compile group: 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core', name: 'jackson-databind', version: '2.10.2'
compile group: 'com.netflix.karyon', name: 'karyon2-admin-web', version: '2.7.1'
compile group: 'com.netflix.karyon', name: 'karyon2-jersey-blocking', version:'2.7.1'
compile group: 'com.netflix.karyon', name: 'karyon2-archaius', version: '2.7.1'
implementation 'com.google.guava:guava:28.0-jre'
// Use JUnit test framework
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
}
ext {
//javaMainClass = "TestGradle.Library"
}
task runWithJavaExec(type: JavaExec) {
/*group = "Execution"
description = "Run the main class with JavaExecTask"
classpath = sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
main = javaMainClass*/
group = "Execution"
description = "Run Sample Ping Pong Application"
main = "netflix.karyon.KaryonRunner"
print sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
classpath = sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
jvmArgs "-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=5005"
systemProperty 'java.awt.headless', 'true'
systemProperty 'archaius.deployment.environment', 'dev'
args = ["TestGradle.BootstrapInjectionModule"]
}
package TestGradle;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import com.google.inject.Singleton;
@Singleton
@Path("/ping")
public class PingPongResource {
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public Response getTopics() {
return Response.ok("{\"Response\" : \"Pong\"}").build();
}
}
package TestGradle;
import com.netflix.governator.annotations.Modules;
import netflix.adminresources.resources.KaryonWebAdminModule;
import netflix.karyon.KaryonBootstrap;
import netflix.karyon.ShutdownModule;
import netflix.karyon.archaius.ArchaiusBootstrap;
import netflix.karyon.jersey.blocking.KaryonJerseyModule;
@ArchaiusBootstrap
@KaryonBootstrap(name = "pingpong-service")
@Modules(include = {
ShutdownModule.class,
KaryonWebAdminModule.class,
BootstrapInjectionModule.KaryonJerseyModuleImpl.class
})
public class BootstrapInjectionModule {
class KaryonJerseyModuleImpl extends KaryonJerseyModule{
@Override
protected void configureServer() {
server().port(8888).threadPoolSize(100);
}
}
}
plugins {
// Apply the java-library plugin to add support for Java Library
id 'java-library'
id 'application'
}
repositories {
// Use jcenter for resolving dependencies.
// You can declare any Maven/Ivy/file repository here.
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
// This dependency is exported to consumers, that is to say found on their compile classpath.
api 'org.apache.commons:commons-math3:3.6.1'
// https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core
//compile group: 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core', name: 'jackson-core', version: '2.10.2'
// https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind
//compile group: 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core', name: 'jackson-databind', version: '2.10.2'
compile group: 'com.netflix.karyon', name: 'karyon2-admin-web', version: '2.7.1'
compile group: 'com.netflix.karyon', name: 'karyon2-jersey-blocking', version:'2.7.1'
compile group: 'com.netflix.karyon', name: 'karyon2-archaius', version: '2.7.1'
implementation 'com.google.guava:guava:28.0-jre'
// Use JUnit test framework
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
}
ext {
//javaMainClass = "TestGradle.Library"
}
task runWithJavaExec(type: JavaExec) {
/*group = "Execution"
description = "Run the main class with JavaExecTask"
classpath = sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
main = javaMainClass*/
group = "Execution"
description = "Run Sample Ping Pong Application"
main = "netflix.karyon.KaryonRunner"
print sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
classpath = sourceSets.main.runtimeClasspath
jvmArgs "-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=5005"
systemProperty 'java.awt.headless', 'true'
systemProperty 'archaius.deployment.environment', 'dev'
args = ["TestGradle.BootstrapInjectionModule"]
}
package TestGradle;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import com.google.inject.Singleton;
@Singleton
@Path("/ping")
public class PingPongResource {
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public Response getTopics() {
return Response.ok("{\"Response\" : \"Pong\"}").build();
}
}
> Configure project :
file collection
> Task :dependencies
------------------------------------------------------------
Root project
------------------------------------------------------------
annotationProcessor - Annotation processors and their dependencies for source set 'main'.
No dependencies
api - API dependencies for source set 'main'. (n)
\--- org.apache.commons:commons-math3:3.6.1 (n)
apiElements - API elements for main. (n)
No dependencies
archives - Configuration for archive artifacts. (n)
No dependencies
compileClasspath - Compile classpath for source set 'main'.
+--- org.apache.commons:commons-math3:3.6.1
+--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.10.2
+--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.10.2
| +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.10.2
| \--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.10.2
+--- com.netflix.karyon:karyon2-admin-web:2.7.1
+--- com.netflix.karyon:karyon2-jersey-blocking:2.7.1
+--- com.netflix.karyon:karyon2-archaius:2.7.1
\--- com.google.guava:guava:28.0-jre
+--- com.google.guava:failureaccess:1.0.1
+--- com.google.guava:listenablefuture:9999.0-empty-to-avoid-conflict-with-guava
+--- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2
+--- org.checkerframework:checker-qual:2.8.1
+--- com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.3.2
+--- com.google.j2objc:j2objc-annotations:1.3
\--- org.codehaus.mojo:animal-sniffer-annotations:1.17
compileOnly - Compile only dependencies for source set 'main'. (n)
No dependencies
default - Configuration for default artifacts. (n)
No dependencies
implementation - Implementation only dependencies for source set 'main'. (n)
\--- com.google.guava:guava:28.0-jre (n)
runtimeClasspath - Runtime classpath of source set 'main'.
+--- org.apache.commons:commons-math3:3.6.1
+--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.10.2
+--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.10.2
| +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.10.2
| \--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.10.2
+--- com.netflix.karyon:karyon2-admin-web:2.7.1
| +--- org.freemarker:freemarker:2.3.15
| +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:1.9.11
| | \--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:1.9.11
| +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.7
| +--- com.netflix.karyon:karyon2-admin:2.7.1
| | +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:1.9.11 (*)
| | +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.7
| | +--- javax.ws.rs:jsr311-api:1.1.1
| | +--- javax.servlet:servlet-api:2.5
| | +--- org.mortbay.jetty:jetty:6.1.26
| | | +--- org.mortbay.jetty:jetty-util:6.1.26
| | | \--- org.mortbay.jetty:servlet-api:2.5-20081211
| | +--- com.sun.jersey.contribs:jersey-guice:1.9.1 -> 1.18.1
| | | +--- javax.inject:javax.inject:1
| | | +--- com.google.inject:guice:3.0
| | | | +--- javax.inject:javax.inject:1
| | | | +--- aopalliance:aopalliance:1.0
| | | | \--- org.sonatype.sisu.inject:cglib:2.2.1-v20090111
| | | | \--- asm:asm:3.1
| | | +--- com.google.inject.extensions:guice-servlet:3.0
| | | | \--- com.google.inject:guice:3.0 (*)
| | | \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-servlet:1.18.1
| | | \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-server:1.18.1
| | | \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.18.1
| | +--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-servlet:1.18.1 (*)
| | +--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-server:1.18.1 (*)
| | +--- com.google.inject.extensions:guice-servlet:3.0 (*)
| | +--- com.netflix.pytheas:pytheas-core:1.25
| | | +--- commons-collections:commons-collections:3.2.1
| | | +--- org.freemarker:freemarker:2.3.15
| | | +--- javax.ws.rs:jsr311-api:1.1.1
| | | +--- commons-codec:commons-codec:1.5 -> 1.6
| | | +--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.11 -> 1.18.1
| | | +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.7
| | | +--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-json:1.11
| | | | +--- org.codehaus.jettison:jettison:1.1
| | | | | \--- stax:stax-api:1.0.1
| | | | +--- com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-impl:2.2.3-1
| | | | | \--- javax.xml.bind:jaxb-api:2.2.2
| | | | | +--- javax.xml.stream:stax-api:1.0-2
| | | | | \--- javax.activation:activation:1.1
| | | | +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:1.9.2 -> 1.9.11
| | | | +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:1.9.2 -> 1.9.11 (*)
| | | | +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-jaxrs:1.9.2
| | | | | +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:1.9.2 -> 1.9.11
| | | | | \--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:1.9.2 -> 1.9.11 (*)
| | | | +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-xc:1.9.2
| | | | | +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:1.9.2 -> 1.9.11
| | | | | \--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:1.9.2 -> 1.9.11 (*)
| | | | \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.11 -> 1.18.1
| | | +--- commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils:1.8.2
| | | | \--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.1.1
| | | +--- com.google.guava:guava:14.0.1 -> 28.0-jre
| | | | +--- com.google.guava:failureaccess:1.0.1
| | | | +--- com.google.guava:listenablefuture:9999.0-empty-to-avoid-conflict-with-guava
| | | | +--- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:3.0.2
| | | | +--- org.checkerframework:checker-qual:2.8.1
| | | | +--- com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.3.2
| | | | +--- com.google.j2objc:j2objc-annotations:1.3
| | | | \--- org.codehaus.mojo:animal-sniffer-annotations:1.17
| | | +--- com.netflix.archaius:archaius-core:0.5.4 -> 0.6.3
| | | | +--- com.google.guava:guava:11.0.2 -> 28.0-jre (*)
| | | | +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:1.9.11 (*)
| | | | +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.4 -> 1.7.7
| | | | +--- commons-configuration:commons-configuration:1.8
| | | | | +--- commons-lang:commons-lang:2.6
| | | | | \--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.1.1
| | | | +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:1.9.11
| | | | \--- com.google.code.findbugs:annotations:2.0.0
| | | +--- javax.servlet:servlet-api:2.5
| | | +--- commons-configuration:commons-configuration:1.8 (*)
| | | +--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-servlet:1.11 -> 1.18.1 (*)
| | | +--- com.github.stephenc.high-scale-lib:high-scale-lib:1.1.2
| | | +--- com.netflix.governator:governator:1.3.3
| | | | +--- com.google.inject.extensions:guice-grapher:3.0
| | | | | +--- com.google.inject.extensions:guice-assistedinject:3.0
| | | | | | \--- com.google.inject:guice:3.0 (*)
| | | | | +--- com.google.inject.extensions:guice-multibindings:3.0
| | | | | | \--- com.google.inject:guice:3.0 (*)
| | | | | \--- com.google.inject:guice:3.0 (*)
| | | | +--- org.codehaus.jsr166-mirror:jsr166y:1.7.0
| | | | +--- com.google.guava:guava:14.0.1 -> 28.0-jre (*)
| | | | +--- com.google.inject:guice:3.0 (*)
| | | | +--- org.apache.xbean:xbean-finder:3.11.1
| | | | | +--- org.apache.xbean:xbean-bundleutils:3.11.1
| | | | | | \--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.5.11 -> 1.7.7
| | | | | \--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.5.11 -> 1.7.7
| | | | +--- asm:asm-all:3.2
| | | | +--- com.google.inject.extensions:guice-multibindings:3.0 (*)
| | | | +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.3 -> 1.7.7
| | | | +--- org.apache.xbean:xbean-bundleutils:3.11.1 (*)
| | | | +--- javax.inject:javax.inject:1
| | | | +--- com.netflix.archaius:archaius-core:0.5.12 -> 0.6.3 (*)
| | | | \--- org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:4.1.0.Final
| | | | +--- javax.validation:validation-api:1.0.0.GA
| | | | \--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.5.6 -> 1.7.7
| | | +--- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:1.9.11 (*)
| | | +--- com.sun.jersey.contribs:jersey-guice:1.9.1 -> 1.18.1 (*)
| | | +--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-server:1.11 -> 1.18.1 (*)
| | | +--- org.codehaus.jettison:jettison:1.1 (*)
| | | +--- com.google.inject.extensions:guice-servlet:3.0 (*)
| | | +--- com.google.code.findbugs:annotations:2.0.0
| | | \--- commons-io:commons-io:1.4
| | \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.18.1
| +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.2.1
| | +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.2.1
| | +--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.1.1
| | \--- commons-codec:commons-codec:1.6
| \--- com.google.code.gson:gson:2.1
+--- com.netflix.karyon:karyon2-jersey-blocking:2.7.1
| +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.6 -> 1.7.7
| +--- com.netflix.karyon:karyon2-governator:2.7.1
| | +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.6 -> 1.7.7
| | +--- com.netflix.governator:governator:1.3.3 (*)
| | \--- com.netflix.karyon:karyon2-core:2.7.1
| | +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.6 -> 1.7.7
| | \--- io.reactivex:rxnetty-contexts:0.4.7
| | +--- io.reactivex:rxjava:1.0.8
| | \--- io.reactivex:rxnetty:0.4.7
| | +--- io.reactivex:rxjava:1.0.8
| | +--- io.netty:netty-codec-http:4.0.25.Final
| | | +--- io.netty:netty-codec:4.0.25.Final
| | | | \--- io.netty:netty-transport:4.0.25.Final
| | | | \--- io.netty:netty-buffer:4.0.25.Final
| | | | \--- io.netty:netty-common:4.0.25.Final
| | | \--- io.netty:netty-handler:4.0.25.Final
| | | +--- io.netty:netty-buffer:4.0.25.Final (*)
| | | +--- io.netty:netty-transport:4.0.25.Final (*)
| | | \--- io.netty:netty-codec:4.0.25.Final (*)
| | +--- io.netty:netty-transport-native-epoll:4.0.25.Final
| | | +--- io.netty:netty-common:4.0.25.Final
| | | +--- io.netty:netty-buffer:4.0.25.Final (*)
| | | \--- io.netty:netty-transport:4.0.25.Final (*)
| | \--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.6 -> 1.7.7
| +--- com.google.guava:guava:14.0.1 -> 28.0-jre (*)
| +--- com.netflix.archaius:archaius-core:0.6.3 (*)
| +--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-core:1.18.1
| +--- com.sun.jersey.contribs:jersey-guice:1.18.1 (*)
| +--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-servlet:1.18.1 (*)
| \--- com.sun.jersey:jersey-server:1.18.1 (*)
+--- com.netflix.karyon:karyon2-archaius:2.7.1
| +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.6 -> 1.7.7
| +--- com.netflix.karyon:karyon2-governator:2.7.1 (*)
| \--- com.netflix.archaius:archaius-core:0.6.3 (*)
\--- com.google.guava:guava:28.0-jre (*)
使用了什么版本的Gradle和Java？这可能是相关的。我能够用Gradle4.7和JDK8编译教程，这可能是一个线索（我不知道为什么）。当我尝试“gradle dependencies”命令时，它的编译依赖项似乎较少，并且不包括任何包含这些类的jar文件，尽管它们在运行时依赖项下可用。当我手动将缺少的（第二级）依赖项添加到build.gradle时，它起到了作用。但我认为这不是正确的方法。我期望第一级依赖项在编译时解决它们的依赖项。我做错什么了吗？。。。[注：我的想法是从专家的角度出发的]我在这方面花了很多时间，但遗憾的是，我没有找到任何明确的答案，也不太可能把它写下来作为一个正确的答案。不过，我在这里总结了我的笔记-@MichaelEaster谢谢。。。这是一件非常容易的事。使用了什么版本的Gradle和Java？这可能是相关的。我能够用Gradle4.7和JDK8编译教程，这可能是一个线索（我不知道为什么）。当我尝试“gradle dependencies”命令时，它的编译依赖项似乎较少，并且不包括任何包含这些类的jar文件，尽管它们在运行时依赖项下可用。当我手动将缺少的（第二级）依赖项添加到build.gradle时，它起到了作用。但我认为这不是正确的方法。我期望第一级依赖项在编译时解决它们的依赖项。我做错什么了吗？。。。[注：我的想法是从专家的角度出发的]我在这方面花了很多时间，但遗憾的是，我没有找到任何明确的答案，也不太可能把它写下来作为一个正确的答案。不过，我在这里总结了我的笔记-@MichaelEaster谢谢。。。这是很大的努力