Java Can'；t使用all delete孤立级联创建多对一关系。MySQL说删除父项时外键约束失败

我最近开始使用Hibernate，我还是个新手，然而，我面临的错误似乎并不简单

我目前的环境是：

• 视窗7
• MySQL 5.1.49-community
• mysql-connector-java-5.1.13-bin.jar
• hibernate-distribution-3.6.0.Beta1

我遵循《行动中的冬眠》这本书，按照书中的建议做了每件事

当我尝试删除多对一关系的父对象（UserClass）时。 我希望父对象和它的所有子对象（用户）都被删除。 但是，我得到了java.sql.BatchUpdateException，如下所述：

Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException: Could not execute JDBC batch update
        at org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:96)
        at org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:66)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:275)
        at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:263)
        at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:184)
        at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:321)
        at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:51)
        at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1215)
        at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:382)
        at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:133)
        at netbeansproject.Main.testUserClassAndUsers(Main.java:42)
        at netbeansproject.Main.main(Main.java:55)
Caused by: java.sql.BatchUpdateException: Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (`lojatest`.`user`, CONSTRAINT `fk_User_UserClass1` FOREIGN KEY (`user_class_id`) REFERENCES `userclass` (`id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeBatchSerially(PreparedStatement.java:2020)
        at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeBatch(PreparedStatement.java:1451)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:70)
        at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:268)
        ... 9 more

这似乎与MySQL外键构造有关，特别是关于“ON DELETE NO ACTION ON ON UPDATE NO ACTION”，然而，我并不完全是MySQL专家

我发现了一些关于类似情况的其他问题，但我仍然找不到解决办法。 有人能帮我吗

非常感谢

以下是相关代码：

User.java：

package domain;

public class User {

    private String userName;
    private String password;
    private Boolean blocked;
    private UserClass userClass;

    public User() {
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Boolean getBlocked() {
        return blocked;
    }

    public void setBlocked(Boolean blocked) {
        this.blocked = blocked;
    }

    public UserClass getUserClass() {
        return this.userClass;
    }

    public void setUserClass(UserClass userClass) {
        this.userClass = userClass;
    }
}

User.hbm.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="domain">
    <class name="User" table="user">
        <id
            column="username"
            name="userName"
            type="string">
            <generator class="assigned"/>
        </id>
        <property
            column="password"
            name="password"
            not-null="true"
            type="string"/>
        <property column="blocked" name="blocked" type="boolean"/>
        <many-to-one
            name="userClass"
            column="user_class_id"
            class="UserClass"
            not-null="true"/>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

UserClass.hbm.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="domain">
    <class
        name="UserClass"
        table="userclass">
        <id
            column="id"
            name="id">
            <generator class="native"/>
        </id>
        <property
            column="title"
            name="title"
            not-null="true"
            type="string"/>
        <property
            column="permissions"
            name="permissions"
            not-null="true"
            type="string"/>
        <set
            name="users"
            inverse="true"
            cascade="all-delete-orphan">
            <key column="user_class_id"/>
            <one-to-many class="User"/>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Main.java（测试类）：

创建数据库的SQL脚本（由MySQL工作台生成）：

注意我没有创建任何外键。。。但是，在运行代码后，将在用户表中创建一个外键，该外键引用UserClass表id。 在本测试之前，我尝试了相同的SQL脚本，但是用户表有以下选项：

CONSTRAINT `fk_User_UserClass1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`user_class_id` )
    REFERENCES `LojaTest`.`UserClass` (`id` )
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION

及

这些都不起作用

---

再次感谢。

我改变了方法，开始使用注释

起初，我也有同样的问题，但后来我读了一些关于JPA的EntityManager的文章，并解决了这个问题

该问题是由于在创建UserClass的同一EntityManager的上下文中删除了UserClass造成的

我不会回到这种基于xml的映射方法上来，因为它不值得（IMHO）。 但是，我认为可以使用多个Hibernate会话来解决这个问题。一个用于创建对象，另一个用于删除对象

希望它能帮助别人。 谢谢

package Database;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class DatabaseFactory {

    private static DatabaseFactory instance = null;

    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    public static DatabaseFactory getInstance() {
        if (DatabaseFactory.instance == null) {
            DatabaseFactory.instance = new DatabaseFactory().init();
        }

        return DatabaseFactory.instance;
    }

    public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
        return this.sessionFactory;
    }

    public Session getSession() {
        return this.sessionFactory.openSession();
    }

    private DatabaseFactory init() {
        Configuration cfg = new Configuration();

        cfg.addClass(domain.UserClass.class);
        cfg.addClass(domain.User.class);

        cfg.setProperties(System.getProperties());
        cfg.configure();
        SessionFactory sessions = cfg.buildSessionFactory();

        sessionFactory = cfg.configure().buildSessionFactory();
        return this;
    }
}

package netbeansproject;

import Database.DatabaseFactory;
import domain.*;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

public class Main {
    public void testUserClassAndUsers() {
        System.out.println("Testing Users and UserClasses...");

        Session newSession = DatabaseFactory.getInstance().getSession();

        System.out.println("1 - Creating UserClasses:");
        Transaction t1 = newSession.beginTransaction();
        UserClass uc1 = new UserClass();
        uc1.setTitle("UserClass 1");
        uc1.setPermissions("XYZ");
        newSession.save(uc1);
        t1.commit();

        System.out.println("2 - Creating Users:");
        Transaction t2 = newSession.beginTransaction();
        User u1 = new User();
        u1.setUserName("User 1");
        u1.setPassword("Password 1");
        u1.setBlocked(false);
        u1.setUserClass(uc1);
        newSession.save(u1);

        User u2 = new User();
        u2.setUserName("User 2");
        u2.setPassword("Password 2");
        u2.setBlocked(false);
        u2.setUserClass(uc1);
        newSession.save(u2);
        t2.commit();

        System.out.println("3 - Deleting UserClass (\"UserClass 1\"):");
        Transaction t3 = newSession.beginTransaction();
        newSession.delete(uc1);
        t3.commit();

        newSession.close();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Main instance = new Main();

        instance.testUserClassAndUsers();
    }
}

SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0;
SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='TRADITIONAL';

DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS `LojaTest` ;
CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS `LojaTest` ;
SHOW WARNINGS;
USE `LojaTest` ;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `LojaTest`.`UserClass`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `LojaTest`.`UserClass` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE  TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `LojaTest`.`UserClass` (
  `id` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,
  `title` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL ,
  `permissions` VARCHAR(16) NULL ,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ,
  UNIQUE INDEX `id_UNIQUE` (`id` ASC) )
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `LojaTest`.`User`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `LojaTest`.`User` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE  TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `LojaTest`.`User` (
  `username` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL ,
  `password` VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL ,
  `blocked` TINYINT(1)  NOT NULL DEFAULT false ,
  `user_class_id` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL ,
  PRIMARY KEY (`username`) ,
  UNIQUE INDEX `id_UNIQUE` (`username` ASC)
)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS;

CONSTRAINT `fk_User_UserClass1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`user_class_id` )
    REFERENCES `LojaTest`.`UserClass` (`id` )
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION

CONSTRAINT `fk_User_UserClass1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`user_class_id` )
    REFERENCES `LojaTest`.`UserClass` (`id` )
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION