Java 如何在JPanel上布局这些组件？

我制作了一个现在只有表示层的小型GUI应用程序。它构造了基本的GUI（但还没有添加逻辑）。我在布置控件/组件（如文本字段和按钮）时遇到问题

代码如下：

Main.java

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    // Make a new Client (TempConverter application)
    Client client = new Client();
    }

}

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;

public class Client extends JFrame{

    private JPanel panel;
    private JTextField inputTextBox;
    private JTextField outputTextBox;
    private JButton convertButton;

    public Client(){
        panel = new JPanel();
        inputTextBox = new JTextField(6);
        outputTextBox = new JTextField(6);
        convertButton = new JButton("Convert!");
        ConstructGUI();
    }

    private void ConstructGUI(){
        this.setTitle("Temerature Converter");
        this.setSize(300, 400);
        PanelLayout();
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    private void PanelLayout(){
        this.add(panel);
        panel.add(inputTextBox);
        panel.add(outputTextBox);
        panel.add(convertButton);
    }

}

Client.java

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    // Make a new Client (TempConverter application)
    Client client = new Client();
    }

}

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;

public class Client extends JFrame{

    private JPanel panel;
    private JTextField inputTextBox;
    private JTextField outputTextBox;
    private JButton convertButton;

    public Client(){
        panel = new JPanel();
        inputTextBox = new JTextField(6);
        outputTextBox = new JTextField(6);
        convertButton = new JButton("Convert!");
        ConstructGUI();
    }

    private void ConstructGUI(){
        this.setTitle("Temerature Converter");
        this.setSize(300, 400);
        PanelLayout();
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    private void PanelLayout(){
        this.add(panel);
        panel.add(inputTextBox);
        panel.add(outputTextBox);
        panel.add(convertButton);
    }

}

所有组件都彼此相邻，这并不是我所期望的，但无论我尝试了什么布局（除非我做错了），它都不会改变

---

我是否需要重写某些内容？

您可以使用

BoxLayout

将它们堆叠在一起

private void PanelLayout(){
    this.add(panel);

    //next three lines aligning the components horizontally
    inputTextBox.setAlignmentX(Component.CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
    outputTextBox.setAlignmentX(Component.CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
    convertButton.setAlignmentX(Component.CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
    //aligning horizontally end. If you don't want the align them horizontally just remove these three lines.

    panel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(panel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
    panel.add(Box.createVerticalGlue());//remove this line if you don't want to center them vertically
    panel.add(inputTextBox);
    panel.add(outputTextBox);
    panel.add(convertButton);
    panel.add(Box.createVerticalGlue());//remove this line if you don't want to center them vertically
}

---

您可以使用

GridBagLayout

或

GridBagLayout

，具体取决于您想要实现的功能

请查看以了解更多详细信息

---

我也不鼓励您直接从

JFrame

进行扩展，但是相反，从

JPanel

开始扩展，它将使您的代码解耦，并提供更好的可重用性，除此之外，您希望的设计是什么？将它们堆叠在一起：）谢谢您的回复！