Java Can'；对于测试环境中的数据库，不要使用EntityManagerFactory两次

出于测试目的，我想用测试数据填充

类别

表。这很好用。 但是当我想填充另一个名为

products

的表时，就会发生错误

这是因为下面一行（我是通过取消注释下面一行发现的）：

以下是日志：

Tests in error:
  testAddOrder(controller.OrdersControllerTest):

Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.851s
[INFO] Finished at: Wed Jan 04 21:05:53 CET 2017
[INFO] Final Memory: 8M/155M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.10:test (default-test) on project snel-transport: There are test failures.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] Please refer to C:\Users\yomac_000\Documents\documenten z\werk\cimsolutions\java_ee\snel-transport\back_end\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results.
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.10:test (default-test) on project snel-transport: There are test failures.

Please refer to C:\Users\yomac_000\Documents\documenten z\werk\cimsolutions\java_ee\snel-transport\back_end\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results.
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:213)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.singleThreadedBuild(LifecycleStarter.java:183)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:161)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:320)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:156)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:537)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:196)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:141)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:290)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:230)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:409)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:352)
Caused by: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoFailureException: There are test failures.

Please refer to C:\Users\yomac_000\Documents\documenten z\werk\cimsolutions\java_ee\snel-transport\back_end\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results.
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.SurefireHelper.reportExecution(SurefireHelper.java:87)
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.SurefirePlugin.writeSummary(SurefirePlugin.java:641)
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.SurefirePlugin.handleSummary(SurefirePlugin.java:615)
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.executeAfterPreconditionsChecked(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:137)
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.AbstractSurefireMojo.execute(AbstractSurefireMojo.java:98)
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:101)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:209)
        ... 19 more
[ERROR]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException

日志没有太多说明，所以我将向您展示代码。 OrdersControllerTest.java：

public class OrdersControllerTest {
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("snel-transport");
    StatusFacade statusFacade = new StatusFacade();
    CustomerFacade customerFacade = new CustomerFacade();
    ProductFacade productFacade = new ProductFacade();
    OrdersFacade orderFacade = new OrdersFacade();
    CategoryFacade categoryFacade = new CategoryFacade();
    String orderURL = "http://localhost:9090/snel-transport/api/orders";
    Orders foundOrder = new Orders();

    @BeforeClass
    public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {}

    @AfterClass
    public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception {}

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {}

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {}

    public void insertCategories(){
        EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("snel-transport-test");
        EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
        EntityTransaction tx = em.getTransaction();
        tx.begin();

        Query q = em.createNativeQuery("INSERT INTO Category (Name, categoryId) " +
                " VALUES(?,?)");
        q.setParameter(1, "Games");
        q.setParameter(2, 1L);
        q.executeUpdate();

        tx.commit();
    }

    public void insertProducts(){
        EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("snel-transport-test");
        System.out.println("can't execute the above line of code");
        EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
        EntityTransaction tx = em.getTransaction();
        tx.begin();

        Query q = em.createNativeQuery("INSERT INTO Product(id, code) " +
                " VALUES(?,?)");
        q.setParameter(1, 1);
        q.setParameter(2, "002");
        q.executeUpdate();

        tx.commit();
    }

    @Test
    public void testAddOrder() {
        insertCategories();
        insertProducts();

      //More code..
    }
}

我不想把这篇文章写得太长。因此，以下是指向其他文件的链接，以备您查看：

persistence.xml链接：

Category.java链接：

Product.java链接：

此外，我已经尝试通过

.SQL

文件中的SQL脚本，通过

persistence.xml

文件填充测试数据库。为此 我遵循了此教程链接：

但不幸的是，这并没有奏效

---

我还尝试通过

OrdersControllerTest.java

文件中的

setUpBeforeClass（）

方法填充测试数据库。但是这也没有解决。

如果没有导致测试失败的实际异常，这个问题几乎不可能回答。你现在展示的只是控制台输出，说明“东西失败”和代码。您是否对问题的根源进行过任何调查，比如查看输出所引用的文件以了解详细信息，或者只是从IDE运行一个测试以查看发生了什么？@Gimby它在IDE中工作，但如何工作呢！？在此之前，我是通过控制台使用Tomcat embedded和JUnit的。@Gimby啊，当然，我想我已经知道原因了。。在使用Tomcat embedded 7之前。我在IDE上使用了Tomcat8.5。这可能就是原因。它似乎在IDE中工作这一事实使它很困难，但它不一定有什么奇怪的地方。例如，Eclipse的设置与真正的Maven构建不同，因此您会发现差异。您应该仍然能够在生成的surefire报告中找到控制台输出也引用的某种异常。

public class OrdersControllerTest {
    EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("snel-transport");
    StatusFacade statusFacade = new StatusFacade();
    CustomerFacade customerFacade = new CustomerFacade();
    ProductFacade productFacade = new ProductFacade();
    OrdersFacade orderFacade = new OrdersFacade();
    CategoryFacade categoryFacade = new CategoryFacade();
    String orderURL = "http://localhost:9090/snel-transport/api/orders";
    Orders foundOrder = new Orders();

    @BeforeClass
    public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {}

    @AfterClass
    public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception {}

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {}

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {}

    public void insertCategories(){
        EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("snel-transport-test");
        EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
        EntityTransaction tx = em.getTransaction();
        tx.begin();

        Query q = em.createNativeQuery("INSERT INTO Category (Name, categoryId) " +
                " VALUES(?,?)");
        q.setParameter(1, "Games");
        q.setParameter(2, 1L);
        q.executeUpdate();

        tx.commit();
    }

    public void insertProducts(){
        EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("snel-transport-test");
        System.out.println("can't execute the above line of code");
        EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
        EntityTransaction tx = em.getTransaction();
        tx.begin();

        Query q = em.createNativeQuery("INSERT INTO Product(id, code) " +
                " VALUES(?,?)");
        q.setParameter(1, 1);
        q.setParameter(2, "002");
        q.executeUpdate();

        tx.commit();
    }

    @Test
    public void testAddOrder() {
        insertCategories();
        insertProducts();

      //More code..
    }
}