Java Junit maven构建错误（maven surefire插件：2.19.1:测试失败：分叉过程中出现错误）

我通过引用

下面是我的POM文件。

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>au.com.woolworths</groupId>
  <artifactId>struts_junit</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <name>struts_junit Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>3.8.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
       <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
       <version>2.3.4</version>
      </dependency>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
       <artifactId>struts2-junit-plugin</artifactId>
       <version>2.3.4</version>
      </dependency>
     <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>struts_junit</finalName>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.6</source>
          <target>1.6</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <warSourceDirectory>WebContent</warSourceDirectory>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>
        <artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0</version>
        <configuration>
        <lifecycleMappingMetadata>
             <pluginExecutions>
                <pluginExecution>
                    <pluginExecutionFilter>
                        <groupId>
                            org.apache.maven.plugins
                        </groupId>
                        <artifactId>
                            maven-toolchains-plugin
                        </artifactId>
                        <versionRange>
                            [1.1,)
                        </versionRange>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>toolchain</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </pluginExecutionFilter>
                    <action>
                        <ignore></ignore>
                    </action>
                </pluginExecution>
            </pluginExecutions>
          </lifecycleMappingMetadata>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.19.1</version>
            <dependencies>
              <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>
                <artifactId>surefire-junit47</artifactId>
                <version>2.19.1</version>
              </dependency>
              <dependency>
                <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
                <artifactId>hamcrest-all</artifactId>
                <version>1.3</version>
              </dependency>
            </dependencies>
            <configuration>
              <parallel>methods</parallel>
              <threadCount>10</threadCount>
              <useSystemClassLoader>false</useSystemClassLoader>
            </configuration>
         </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

---

有人能告诉我为什么会发生此错误以及如何解决此问题吗？

更新依赖项应该可以解决此问题-

<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>3.8.1</version>
</dependency>

朱尼特
，该类是在版本
4.0
中引入的。另外，请确保同一工件不会通过不同的版本传递解决。
@nillpointer，感谢您解决此问题。但是在更新依赖项之后，现在我面临另一个问题<代码>这似乎是测试失败，您可以在单独的线程中询问。虽然在此之前，我建议你通过我已经在另一个项目中面临这个问题，并张贴在stackoverflow。请检查一下这个链接好吗？我在eclipse中发布了解决该问题的答案（通过将classes文件夹添加到项目构建路径）。但不知道如何解决maven构建执行中的相同问题。
<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>3.8.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
</dependency>