Linux AWK为数天和数月的增量日期

带AWK的增量日期

大家好，我需要你们的帮助。我有一个文件“test.csv”，我想增加“6个月”和“10天”的日期，以便获得以下输出：

test.csv:

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-17 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-19 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-20 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-21 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-11 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-08 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-10 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-11 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-12 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-11 12:02:07"

Output test-increment-10days.csv:

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-17 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-19 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-20 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-21 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-11 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-08 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-10 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-11 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-12 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-11 12:02:07"

输出测试-增量-6个月。csv:

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-17 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-19 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-20 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-21 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-11 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-08 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-10 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-11 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-12 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-11 12:02:07"

我用以下命令尝试过：

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-17 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-19 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-20 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-21 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-11 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-08 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-10 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-11 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-12 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-11 12:02:07"

awk-F“\”，“{cmd=“date\”+%Y-%m-%d%T\”-d\“$3”+10天\”；cmd | getline datum；close（cmd）；print$0“，\“datum”}}”test.csv>test-increment-10days.csv

awk-F“\”，“{cmd=“date\”+%Y-%m-%d%T\”-d\“$3+6个月\”；cmd | getline datum；close（cmd）；print$0“，\“datum”}}”test.csv>test-increment-6months.csv

但是我得到了错误的结果

test-increment-10days.csv:

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-17 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-19 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-20 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-21 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-11 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-08 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-10 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-11 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-12 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-11 12:02:07"

test-increment-6months.csv:

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-17 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-19 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-20 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-21 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-11 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-08 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-10 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-11 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-12 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-07 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-09 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-10 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-06-11 12:02:07"

“test-increment-10days.csv”中的日期仅递增一天，“test-increment-6months.csv”中的日期仅递增一个月。希望有人能帮忙。

试试这个：

awk -F"\",\"" '{cmd="date -d \"$(date -d \""$3"\")+10days\" \"+%Y-%m-%d %T\"";cmd | getline datum; close(cmd); print $0 ",\""datum"\""}' test.csv > test-increment-10days.csv

基础日期命令的一个示例是：

date -d "$(date -d '2013-05-07 16:02:07')+10days" "+%Y-%m-%d %T"

---

有两个

date

命令。内部的

date

创建具有指定值的日期。然后再加上10天。外部日期创建一个新的递增日期并格式化它。

这里有一种使用

GNU awk

的方法。您首先需要将需求转换为秒数。或者，编写一些

awk

来执行此操作。这将帮助您启动并运行：

awk -f script.awk test.csv

script.awk的内容

：

BEGIN {
    FPAT = "([^,]+)|(\"[^\"]+\")"
    OFS=","
}

{
    string = "\"(....)-(..)-(..) (..):(..):(..)\""
    format = "\\1 \\2 \\3 \\4 \\5 \\6"

    date_spec = gensub(string, format, "", $3)
    timestamp = mktime(date_spec)

    # 10 days = 864000 seconds
    # 6 months = 15638400 seconds

    # uncomment one of the following:
#   new_stamp = "\"" strftime("%F %T", timestamp + 864000) "\""
#   new_stamp = "\"" strftime("%F %T", timestamp + 15638400) "\""

    print $0, new_stamp
}

结果:

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-17 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-19 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-20 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-21 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-04 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-06 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-07 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-08 12:02:07"

结果:

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-17 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-19 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-20 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-05-21 12:02:07"

"000001","TEST1","2013-05-07 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-04 16:02:07"
"000003","TEST3","2013-05-09 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-06 16:02:07"
"000004","TEST4","2013-05-10 16:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-07 16:02:07"
"000005","TEST5","2013-05-11 12:02:07","ACTIVE","2013-11-08 12:02:07"

另一种引用较少且使用简化的

日期

结构的版本是

awk 'BEGIN {
    FPAT = "([^,]+)|(\"[^\"]+\")"
    OFS=","
}
{   
    gsub(/["]/,"",$3);
    cmd = "date -d \""$3" 10 days\" \"+%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S %p\"" 
}
{
    cmd|getline D; close(cmd);
    $3="\042"D"\042"
}1' file

6个月的时间是

awk 'BEGIN {
    FPAT = "([^,]+)|(\"[^\"]+\")"
    OFS=","
}
{   
    gsub(/["]/,"",$3);
    cmd = "date -d \""$3" 6 months\" \"+%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S %p\"" 
}
{
    cmd|getline D; close(cmd);
    $3="\042"D"\042"
}1' file

所做的改进包括：

在为日期计算生成命令字符串

cmd

时，引号更少，这使得在

awk

的

getline

函数中使用起来非常优雅

使用

日期-d 10天

，而不使用

+

运算符

添加

FPAT

regex构造，对单个CSV字段进行更严格的解析

---

+FPAT和内置函数的良好使用。但是由于FPAT，它将适用于GAWK版本4或更高版本。