Php 如何使用SQL内部联接&;使用外键从数据库获取数据的别名?
我试图在表中显示数据,如下代码所示。我试图从名为用户的数据库表中获取请购单表(视图)中这3列的数据:Php 如何使用SQL内部联接&;使用外键从数据库获取数据的别名?,php,mysql,sql,inner-join,alias,Php,Mysql,Sql,Inner Join,Alias,我试图在表中显示数据,如下代码所示。我试图从名为用户的数据库表中获取请购单表(视图)中这3列的数据: 征用 批准人和 支付人 数据库中的表格如下所示。我将省略那些似乎工作正常的列 财务申请 | req_id | req_by | approved_by | disbursed_by | | ------ | ------ | ----------- | ------------ | | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | | 2
| req_id | req_by | approved_by | disbursed_by |
| ------ | ------ | ----------- | ------------ |
| 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
用户表格
| id | username |
| ------ | ------ |
| 1 | Lisa |
| 2 | Anne |
| 3 | John |
即使应该是不同的用户名,输出也始终为Lisa。我是一个noob,但从我所学到的到目前为止,这个问题可以通过正确使用SQL别名轻松解决,但我不知道如何解决,所以我问,我该如何修复这个专家
<table class="table table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>ID</td>
<td>File</td>
<td>Expense Category</td>
<td>Amount Requisitioned</td>
<td>Details</td>
<td>Requisitioned By</td>
<td>Requisition Date</td>
<td>Approval Status</td>
<td>Amount Approved</td>
<td>Approved By</td>
<td>Date Approved</td>
<td>Disbursement Status</td>
<td>Amount Disbursed</td>
<td>Disbursed By</td>
<td>Date Disbursed</td>
<td>Note</td>
<td colspan=2>Actions</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<hr>
<?php
$sql = "
SELECT fin_requisition.req_id
, ops_files.file_name
, fin_expense_cats.expense_cat
, fin_requisition.amount
, fin_requisition.details
, users.username
, fin_requisition.req_date
, fin_approval_status.status
, fin_requisition.amt_approved
, users2.username
, fin_requisition.approval_date
, fin_disb_status.status
, fin_requisition.amt_disbursed
, users3.username
, fin_requisition.date_disbursed
, fin_requisition.notes FROM fin_requisition
JOIN ops_files
ON fin_requisition.file = ops_files.file_id
JOIN fin_expense_cats
ON fin_requisition.expense_cat = fin_expense_cats.cat_id
JOIN users
ON fin_requisition.req_by = users.id
JOIN fin_approval_status
ON fin_requisition.approval_status = fin_approval_status.status_id
JOIN users users2
ON fin_requisition.approved_by = users2.id
JOIN fin_disb_status
ON fin_requisition.disb_status = fin_disb_status.status_id
JOIN users users3
ON fin_requisition.disbursed_by = users3.id
ORDER
BY req_id ASC
";
$result = $mysqli->query($sql);
?>
<?php foreach ($result as $row) : ?>
<tr>
<td><?php echo $row["req_id"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["file_name"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["expense_cat"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["amount"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["details"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["username"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["req_date"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["status"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["amt_approved"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["username2"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["approval_date"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["status"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["amt_disbursed"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["username3"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["date_disbursed"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["notes"]; ?></td>
<td>
<a href="edit_requisition.php?req_id=<?php echo ($row["req_id"]); ?>" class="btn btn-primary">Edit</a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="delete_requisition.php?req_id=<?php echo ($row["req_id"]); ?>" method="post">
<button class="btn btn-danger" type="submit" onclick="return confirm('Are you sure you want to delete this record?')">Delete</button>
</a>
</td>
</tr>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</tbody>
</table>
身份证件
文件
费用类别
征用金额
细节
征用
申请日期
批准状态
核准金额
批准人
批准日期
支付状况
支付金额
支付人
支付日期
注
行动
在sql中,您应该为不同的用户名使用prpoer别名,例如:username usename2,username3
SELECT fin_requisition.req_id
, ops_files.file_name
, fin_expense_cats.expense_cat
, fin_requisition.amount
, fin_requisition.details
, users.username
, fin_requisition.req_date
, fin_approval_status.status
, fin_requisition.amt_approved
, users2.username username2
, fin_requisition.approval_date
, fin_disb_status.status
, fin_requisition.amt_disbursed
, users3.username username3
, fin_requisition.date_disbursed
, fin_requisition.notes FROM fin_requisition
JOIN ops_files
ON fin_requisition.file = ops_files.file_id
JOIN fin_expense_cats
ON fin_requisition.expense_cat = fin_expense_cats.cat_id
JOIN users
ON fin_requisition.req_by = users.id
JOIN fin_approval_status
ON fin_requisition.approval_status = fin_approval_status.status_id
JOIN users users2
ON fin_requisition.approved_by = users2.id
JOIN fin_disb_status
ON fin_requisition.disb_status = fin_disb_status.status_id
JOIN users users3
ON fin_requisition.disbursed_by = users3.id
ORDER
BY req_id ASC
然后在php代码中引用这些列别名
<td><?php echo $row["req_id"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["file_name"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["expense_cat"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["amount"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["details"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["username"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["req_date"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["status"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["amt_approved"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["username2"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["approval_date"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["status"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["amt_disbursed"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["username3"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["date_disbursed"]; ?></td>
<td><?php echo $row["notes"]; ?></td>
这里有很多问题 让我们从更简单的事情开始 考虑以下几点:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS requisitions;
CREATE TABLE requisitions
(req_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY
,req_by INT NOT NULL
,approved_by INT NOT NULL
,disbursed_by INT NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO requisitions VALUES
(1,2,4,3),
(2,4,4,2);
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS users ;
CREATE TABLE users
(id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY
,username VARCHAR(12) UNIQUE
);
INSERT INTO users VALUES
(1,'Lisa'),
(2,'Anne'),
(3,'John');
SELECT x.req_id
, r.username AS requisitioner -- the AS keyword is optional
, a.username AS approver -- and often
, d.username AS disburser -- omitted
FROM requisitions x
LEFT
JOIN users r
ON r.id = x.req_by
LEFT
JOIN users a
ON a.id = x.approved_by
LEFT
JOIN users d
ON d.id = x.disbursed_by;
+--------+---------------+----------+-----------+
| req_id | requisitioner | approver | disburser |
+--------+---------------+----------+-----------+
| 1 | Anne | NULL | John |
| 2 | NULL | NULL | Anne |
+--------+---------------+----------+-----------+
所以,没有Lisa。似乎,对于您提供的示例数据,您需要将JOIN更改为lEFT JOIN。请看下面
WITH REQ(req_id,req_by,approved_by,disbursed_by) AS
(
SELECT 1,2,4,3
UNION ALL
SELECT 2,4,4,2
),
USERS(ID,USERNAME) AS
(
SELECT 1 , 'Lisa'
UNION ALL
SELECT 2,'Anne'
UNION ALL
SELECT 3,'JOHN'
)
SELECT R.REQ_ID,R.req_by,COALESCE(R_BY.USERNAME,'') AS REQUESTER,
R.approved_by,COALESCE(APPRR_BY.USERNAME,'')AS APPROVER,
R.disbursed_by,COALESCE(DISB_BY.USERNAME,'')AS DISBURSER
FROM REQ AS R
LEFT JOIN USERS AS R_BY ON R.req_by=R_BY.ID
LEFT JOIN USERS AS APPRR_BY ON R.req_by=APPRR_BY.ID
LEFT JOIN USERS AS DISB_BY ON R.disbursed_by=DISB_BY.ID
@草莓nvm看起来应该这样。他们加入没问题,你应该在选择列表中使用
users2.username作为username2
,与users3相同。否则他们会得到生成的名称,然后是'username'@Turo并修改php foreach代码?当然,在php代码中使用username2和username3,如果你是对的,我认为示例数据被破坏了,否则根本不会有结果。谢谢你的回答。我已经对它进行了改进,这样它就不再误导用户了。不过,您仍然没有使用列别名。