Php 从带有括号、方括号和连字符的字符串中获取子字符串

Regex不是我最擅长的，我在这种情况下有点麻烦

我有以下字符串：

locale (district - town) [parish]

我需要提取以下信息： 1-区域设置 2-地区 三镇

我有以下解决方案：

1-区域设置

preg_match("/([^(]*)\s/", $input_line, $output_array);

2-地区

preg_match("/.*\(([^-]*)\s/", $input_line, $output_array);

三镇

preg_match("/.*\-\s([^)]*)/", $input_line, $output_array);

这些似乎很好用。 但是，字符串可以如下所示：

localeA(localeB) (district - town) [parish]
locale (district - townA(townB)) [parish]
locale (district - townA-townB) [parish]

区域设置也可以包含自己的括号。 Town可以包含括号和/或自己的连字符

这使得提取正确的信息变得困难。在上述3种情况下，我必须提取：

localeA（localeB）+区+镇

地区+地区+镇A（镇B）

地区+地区+镇A镇B

我发现很难处理所有这些情况。你能帮我吗

---

提前感谢

如果地区、地区和城镇中没有空间：

preg_match("/^\s*(\S+)\s*\((\S+)\s*-\s*(\S+)\)/", $input_line, $output_array);

说明：

The regular expression:

(?-imsx:^\s*(\S+)\s*\((\S+)\s*-\s*(\S+)\))

matches as follows:

NODE                     EXPLANATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------
(?-imsx:                 group, but do not capture (case-sensitive)
                         (with ^ and $ matching normally) (with . not
                         matching \n) (matching whitespace and #
                         normally):
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  ^                        the beginning of the string
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                           more times (matching the most amount
                           possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to \1:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
    \S+                      non-whitespace (all but \n, \r, \t, \f,
                             and " ") (1 or more times (matching the
                             most amount possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of \1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                           more times (matching the most amount
                           possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \(                       '('
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to \2:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
    \S+                      non-whitespace (all but \n, \r, \t, \f,
                             and " ") (1 or more times (matching the
                             most amount possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of \2
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                           more times (matching the most amount
                           possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  -                        '-'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                           more times (matching the most amount
                           possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to \3:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
    \S+                      non-whitespace (all but \n, \r, \t, \f,
                             and " ") (1 or more times (matching the
                             most amount possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of \3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \)                       ')'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
)                        end of grouping
----------------------------------------------------------------------

---

不确定您的规则和边缘情况到底是什么，但这适用于提供的示例

preg_match('#^(.+?) \((.+?) - (.+?)\) \[(.+)\]$#',$str,$matches);

给出这些结果（当对

$str

中的每个示例字符串运行时）：

---

@哈姆扎：为什么要评论，为什么不回答？@anubhava我正忙于其他事情，这是一个快速的小提琴。如果我把它作为一个答案发布，我至少应该提供一些解释。@hamza：好的，我理解，但是你的努力值得一个答案和一些投票。@anubhava别担心，有人会在几分钟内复制/粘贴到一个答案：）

Array
(
    [0] => locale (district - town) [parish]
    [1] => locale
    [2] => district
    [3] => town
    [4] => parish
)

Array
(
    [0] => localeA(localeB) (district - town) [parish]
    [1] => localeA(localeB)
    [2] => district
    [3] => town
    [4] => parish
)

Array
(
    [0] => locale (district - townA(townB)) [parish]
    [1] => locale
    [2] => district
    [3] => townA(townB)
    [4] => parish
)

Array
(
    [0] => locale (district - townA-townB) [parish]
    [1] => locale
    [2] => district
    [3] => townA-townB
    [4] => parish
)