Php mysqli无法使用ssh隧道

我已经在我的虚拟机上安装了

Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS

：

我还通过以下方式创建了一个ssh隧道来连接到我的远程数据库：

admin@admin-VirtualBox:~$ ssh -v -v -v root@xx.xx.xxx.xxx -CNL 13306:localhost:3306
OpenSSH_7.6p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.3, OpenSSL 1.0.2n  7 Dec 2017
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug2: resolving "xx.xx.xxx.xxx" port 22
debug2: ssh_connect_direct: needpriv 0
debug1: Connecting to xx.xx.xxx.xxx [xx.xx.xxx.xxx] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa type 0
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/admin/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/admin/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/admin/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/admin/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/admin/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/admin/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.6p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.3
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_8.2p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.1
debug1: match: OpenSSH_8.2p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.1 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug1: Authenticating to xx.xx.xxx.xxx:22 as 'root'
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/admin/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /home/admin/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from xx.xx.xxx.xxx
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521
debug3: send packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug3: receive packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,ext-info-c
debug2: host key algorithms: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa
debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: zlib@openssh.com,zlib,none
debug2: compression stoc: zlib@openssh.com,zlib,none
debug2: languages ctos: 
debug2: languages stoc: 
debug2: first_kex_follows 0 
debug2: reserved 0 
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256
debug2: host key algorithms: rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com
debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com
debug2: languages ctos: 
debug2: languages stoc: 
debug2: first_kex_follows 0 
debug2: reserved 0 
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: zlib@openssh.com
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: zlib@openssh.com
debug3: send packet: type 30
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug3: receive packet: type 31
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/admin/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /home/admin/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from xx.xx.xxx.xxx
debug1: Host 'xx.xx.xxx.xxx' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/admin/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: send packet: type 21
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug3: receive packet: type 21
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug2: key: /home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa (0x55ba671d36b0), agent
debug2: key: /home/admin/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil))
debug2: key: /home/admin/.ssh/id_ecdsa ((nil))
debug2: key: /home/admin/.ssh/id_ed25519 ((nil))
debug3: send packet: type 5
debug3: receive packet: type 7
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-ed25519,sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com,ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com>
debug3: receive packet: type 6
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password
debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering public key: RSA SHA256:aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa /home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa
debug3: send_pubkey_test
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug3: receive packet: type 60
debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg rsa-sha2-512 blen 279
debug2: input_userauth_pk_ok: fp SHA256:aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
debug3: sign_and_send_pubkey: RSA SHA256:aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug3: receive packet: type 52
debug1: Enabling compression at level 6.
debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey).
Authenticated to xx.xx.xxx.xxx ([xx.xx.xxx.xxx]:22).
debug1: Local connections to LOCALHOST:13306 forwarded to remote address localhost:3306
debug3: channel_setup_fwd_listener_tcpip: type 2 wildcard 0 addr NULL
debug3: sock_set_v6only: set socket 5 IPV6_V6ONLY
debug1: Local forwarding listening on ::1 port 13306.
debug2: fd 5 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: fd 5 is O_NONBLOCK
debug1: channel 0: new [port listener]
debug1: Local forwarding listening on 127.0.0.1 port 13306.
debug2: fd 6 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: fd 6 is O_NONBLOCK
debug1: channel 1: new [port listener]
debug2: fd 3 setting TCP_NODELAY
debug3: ssh_packet_set_tos: set IP_TOS 0x10
debug1: Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com
debug3: send packet: type 80
debug1: Entering interactive session.
debug1: pledge: network
debug3: receive packet: type 80
debug1: client_input_global_request: rtype hostkeys-00@openssh.com want_reply 0
debug3: receive packet: type 4
debug1: Remote: /root/.ssh/authorized_keys:1: key options: agent-forwarding port-forwarding pty user-rc x11-forwarding
debug3: receive packet: type 4
debug1: Remote: /root/.ssh/authorized_keys:1: key options: agent-forwarding port-forwarding pty user-rc x11-forwarding
debug1: Connection to port 13306 forwarding to localhost port 3306 requested.
debug2: fd 7 setting TCP_NODELAY
debug2: fd 7 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: fd 7 is O_NONBLOCK
debug1: channel 2: new [direct-tcpip]
debug3: send packet: type 90
debug3: receive packet: type 91
debug2: channel 2: open confirm rwindow 2097152 rmax 32768
debug1: Connection to port 13306 forwarding to localhost port 3306 requested.
debug2: fd 8 setting TCP_NODELAY
debug2: fd 8 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: fd 8 is O_NONBLOCK
debug1: channel 3: new [direct-tcpip]
debug3: send packet: type 90
debug3: receive packet: type 91
debug2: channel 3: open confirm rwindow 2097152 rmax 32768
debug3: receive packet: type 96
debug2: channel 3: rcvd eof
debug2: channel 3: output open -> drain
debug2: channel 3: obuf empty
debug2: channel 3: close_write
debug2: channel 3: output drain -> closed
debug2: channel 3: read<=0 rfd 8 len 0
debug2: channel 3: read failed
debug2: channel 3: close_read
debug2: channel 3: input open -> drain
debug2: channel 3: ibuf empty
debug2: channel 3: send eof
debug3: send packet: type 96
debug2: channel 3: input drain -> closed
debug2: channel 3: send close
debug3: send packet: type 97
debug3: channel 3: will not send data after close
debug3: receive packet: type 97
debug2: channel 3: rcvd close
debug3: channel 3: will not send data after close
debug2: channel 3: is dead
debug2: channel 3: garbage collecting
debug1: channel 3: free: direct-tcpip: listening port 13306 for localhost port 3306, connect from 127.0.0.1 port 59650 to 127.0.0.1 port 13306, nchannels 4
debug3: channel 3: status: The following connections are open:
  #2 direct-tcpip: listening port 13306 for localhost port 3306, connect from 127.0.0.1 port 59644 to 127.0.0.1 port 13306 (t4 r0 i0/0 o0/0 fd 7/7 cc -1)
  #3 direct-tcpip: listening port 13306 for localhost port 3306, connect from 127.0.0.1 port 59650 to 127.0.0.1 port 13306 (t4 r1 i3/0 o3/0 fd 8/8 cc -1)

当尝试通过我的本地

mysql

-客户端连接时，它工作正常：

admin@admin-VirtualBox:~$ mysql --host=127.0.0.1 --port=13306 mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 136
Server version: 8.0.23-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+-----------------------------+
| Database                    |
+-----------------------------+
| information_schema          |
| mysql                       |
| performance_schema          |
| phpmyadmin                  |
| sys                         |
| test_db                     |
+-----------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> 

import mysql.connector

database = mysql.connector.connect(
    host='127.0.0.1',
    user='root',
    password='myPassword',
    database='test_db',
    autocommit=True,
    port=13306
)
cursor = database.cursor()

operation = 'SELECT * FROM companies limit 10;'
for result in cursor.execute(operation, multi=True):
  if result.with_rows:
    print("Rows produced by statement '{}':".format(
      result.statement))
    print(result.fetchall())
  else:
    print("Number of rows affected by statement '{}': {}".format(
      result.statement, result.rowcount))

另外，当使用dbeaver 7.3.5时，也可以很好地解决以下问题：

但是，当尝试通过以下php脚本进行连接时，我的mysql数据库日志中出现了一个错误

/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d

我在本地使用

PHP7.4.1

，在远程主机上使用

PHP7.4.3

<?php
$mysqli = new mysqli("127.0.0.1", "root", "myPassword", "test_db", 13306);

/* check connection */
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    mysqli_debug("/home/marcus/Desktop/client.trace");
    printf("Connect failed: %s\n", $mysqli->connect_error);
    exit();
}

/* check if server is alive */
if ($mysqli->ping()) {
    mysqli_debug("/home/marcus/Desktop/client.trace");
    printf ("Our connection is ok!\n");
} else {
    printf ("Error: %s\n", $mysqli->error);
}

/* close connection */
$mysqli->close();
?>

我还尝试更改

$mysqli=newmysqli（“localhost”、“root”、“myPassword”、“test_db”，13306）

但这不起作用，因为在我看来，

mysqli

将其与本地计算机上的我的

localhost

相混淆。我只在使用

127.0.0.1

时出现上述错误

有什么建议我做错了什么？为什么我可以通过本地

mysql客户端

和

dbeaver

连接，但不能通过php连接

有没有办法查看

mysqli（）

如何构建连接

我认为这可能是我的virtualbox（因为dbever等正在工作）或本地php设置的问题

ssh连接正在另一台计算机上工作。（那不是我的开发计算机）

非常感谢您的回复

更新

我现在使用python进行了尝试，效果很好：

admin@admin-VirtualBox:~$ mysql --host=127.0.0.1 --port=13306 mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 136
Server version: 8.0.23-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+-----------------------------+
| Database                    |
+-----------------------------+
| information_schema          |
| mysql                       |
| performance_schema          |
| phpmyadmin                  |
| sys                         |
| test_db                     |
+-----------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> 

import mysql.connector

database = mysql.connector.connect(
    host='127.0.0.1',
    user='root',
    password='myPassword',
    database='test_db',
    autocommit=True,
    port=13306
)
cursor = database.cursor()

operation = 'SELECT * FROM companies limit 10;'
for result in cursor.execute(operation, multi=True):
  if result.with_rows:
    print("Rows produced by statement '{}':".format(
      result.statement))
    print(result.fetchall())
  else:
    print("Number of rows affected by statement '{}': {}".format(
      result.statement, result.rowcount))

我的结果是：

admin@admin-VirtualBox:~$ python testMysql.py 
Rows produced by statement 'SELECT * FROM companies limit 10':
[(1, u'LDP', u'Cohen & Steers Limited Duration Preferred and Inco', datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5), datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 7, 12, 2, 32)), (2, u'WIW', u'Western Asset Inflation-Linked Opportunities & Inc', datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5), datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 9, 12, 0, 47)), (3, u'ATOAX', u'Aberdeen Ultra Short Municipal Income Fund Class A', datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5), datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5)), (4, u'BA', u'The Boeing Company', datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5), datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 11, 13, 23, 13)), (5, u'WMT', u'Wal-Mart Stores Inc.', datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5), datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 11, 14, 48, 8)), (6, u'AAPL', u'Apple Inc. (NASDAQ)', datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5), datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 11, 14, 48, 49)), (7, u'NVDA', u'NVIDIA Corporation', datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5), datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 11, 13, 24, 28)), (8, u'NFLX', u'Netflix, Inc.', datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5), datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 11, 13, 35, 19)), (9, u'BYND', u'Beyond Meat, Inc.', datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5), datetime.datetime(2021, 2, 23, 0, 4, 2)), (10, u'TSLA', u'Tesla, Inc.', datetime.datetime(2020, 10, 6, 21, 0, 5), datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 11, 13, 54, 40))]

---

不确定问题的根本原因是什么，但据报道，一种行之有效的方法是：

---

对我来说，听起来像是php在另一台机器中运行，可能是同一台计算机上的docker或其他什么，而“localhost”与您计算机上的不一样。
我可以想到两个原因：

防火墙，但它没有任何意义，因为python是好的，不应该是这样
请注意
localhost
$mysqli=newmysqli（“localhost”、“root”、“myPassword”、“test_db”，13306）；您需要进入mysql，进入表“mysql”，并在用户主机上提供perimisson，以便可以通过您想要的任何ip访问
查看2是否有效，应该可以。
localhost
和
127.0.0.1
都是相同的，因为它们都是环回地址，将指向主机本身

用户在尝试设置远程MySQL数据库时遇到的一个更常见的问题是，他们的MySQL实例仅配置为侦听本地连接。这是MySQL的默认设置，但它不适用于远程数据库设置，因为MySQL必须能够侦听可以访问服务器的外部IP地址

要启用此功能，请打开您的
mysqld.cnf
文件：

sudo nano/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

查找

绑定地址

指令。

#现在的默认设置是只在网络上侦听，而不是跳过网络
#本地主机，它更兼容，而且安全性也不低。
绑定地址=127.0.0.1

将

绑定地址

指令值更改为

0.0.0.0

bind-address            = 0.0.0.0

更改此行后，保存并关闭文件

然后重新启动MySQL服务，使您对

mysqld.cnf

所做的更改生效：

sudo systemctl重启mysql

---

现在，您可以从远程客户端使用mysql连接。请确保您将使用mysql服务器的网络IP。（不是环回地址）

localhost

是unix套接字，因此它会忽略端口。ssh端口转发可以将unix套接字（以路径形式）列为目标（和源）以供您使用。e、 g.：

ssh-L/tmp/mysql.sock:/var/run/mysql.sock

@danblack-Thx感谢您的回复！您能进一步解释一下如何将ssh与unix套接字一起使用吗？我没有得到命令

ssh-L/tmp/mysql.sock:/var/run/mysql.sock

可能是因为您使用的是一个20多个字符的密码，该密码仅用于缓存\u sha2\u密码插件（mysql-8.0中的默认值）？@danblack Nope我的密码只有10个字符长。没有使用任何特殊的pwd。我相信取回数据可能会有问题您是否尝试过

ssh-v-v-v-I/home/admin/.ssh/id_rsa-N-L 13306:127.0.0.1:3306root@xx.xx.xxx.xxx睡眠60

，然后运行（如上一个问题所述）…谢谢，@Don'tPanic