Python 2.7 简化“if”语句的长列表

对于我正在测试的应用程序，我有很多页面对象。页面对象具有页面上的所有元素。我正在为每个页面对象编写一个

validate\u fields

方法，这样当另一个测试人员导航到该页面时，他们可以调用这个

validate\u fields

方法来验证页面上应该存在的所有项目实际上都在页面上

我遇到的问题是，这个

validate\u fields

函数可能非常长，它只是一堆

if not x.is_displayed():
    self.problems.append("The item X is missing from the page")

问题是我们在测试结束时断言为空的问题列表

下面是一个代码示例，有没有简化的方法

def validate_fields(self):
    if not self.el_page_header.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Page Header is missing")
    if not self.el_preferred.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Preferred check box is missing")
    if not self.el_address.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Address 1 field is missing")
    if not self.el_address_2.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Address 2 field is missing")
    if not self.el_address_3_city.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Address 3 City field is missing")
    if not self.el_address_4_state.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Address 4 State field is missing")
    if not self.el_address_5_zip_code.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Address 5 Zip Code field is missing")
    if not self.el_contact.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Contact field is missing")
    if not self.el_phone.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Phone field is missing")
    if not self.el_phone_ext.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Phone Extension field is missing")
    if not self.el_fax.is_displayed():
        self.problems.append("The Fax number field is missing")
    ...

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您可以将所有这些小部件及其人类可读的名称放入一个列表中：

def validate_fields(self):
    widgets = [(self.el_page_header, "Page Header"),
               (self.el_preferred, "Preferred check box"), 
               ... and many more... ]
    for widget, name in widgets:
        if not widget.is_displayed():
            self.problems.append("The %s is missing" % name)

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工作做得很好，非常感谢。当然，我的页面对象清理了很多。