Python 3.x Python-如何在类实例中使用多处理锁？

我正在Windows上使用Python 3.7

我想做的是： -锁定一个类实例的方法，当另一个进程获得该锁时

尝试：

我已经成功地完成了，但是我不希望在这里为锁使用全局变量，而是完全在类内部的变量

from multiprocessing import Lock, freeze_support,Pool
from time import sleep

def do_work(name):
    print(name+' waiting for lock to work...',end='')
    sleep(2)
    with lock:
        print('done!')
        print(name+' doing work...',end='')
        sleep(5)
        print('done!')

def init(olock):
    global lock
    lock = olock

if __name__ == '__main__':
    freeze_support()
    args_list = [('a'),('b'),('c')]
    lock=Lock()
    p=Pool(8,initializer=init,initargs=(lock,))
    p.map_async(do_work,args_list)
    p.close()
    p.join()

当最后一段代码运行时，由于锁的原因，需要17.3秒。如果没有锁，需要~7秒

class O():
    def __init__(self):
        self.lock=Lock()
    def __getstate__(self): # used to remove multiprocess object(s) from class, so it can be pickled
        self_dict=self.__dict__.copy()
        del self_dict['lock']
        return self_dict
    def __setstate__(self,state): # used to remove multiprocess object(s) from class, so it can be pickled
        self.__dict__.update(state)
    def _do_work(self,name):
        print(name+' waiting for lock to work...',end='')
        sleep(2)
        with self.lock:
            print('done!')
            print(name+' doing work...',end='')
            sleep(5)
            print('done!')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    freeze_support()
    c = O()
    pool = Pool(8)
    pool.apply_async(c._do_work,('a',))
    pool.apply_async(c._do_work,('b',))
    pool.apply_async(c._do_work,('c',))
    pool.close()
    pool.join()

我曾尝试在类中实现这一点，但锁不起任何作用，它总是在~7秒内运行

class O():
    def __init__(self):
        self.lock=Lock()
    def __getstate__(self): # used to remove multiprocess object(s) from class, so it can be pickled
        self_dict=self.__dict__.copy()
        del self_dict['lock']
        return self_dict
    def __setstate__(self,state): # used to remove multiprocess object(s) from class, so it can be pickled
        self.__dict__.update(state)
    def _do_work(self,name):
        print(name+' waiting for lock to work...',end='')
        sleep(2)
        with self.lock:
            print('done!')
            print(name+' doing work...',end='')
            sleep(5)
            print('done!')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    freeze_support()
    c = O()
    pool = Pool(8)
    pool.apply_async(c._do_work,('a',))
    pool.apply_async(c._do_work,('b',))
    pool.apply_async(c._do_work,('c',))
    pool.close()
    pool.join()

问题:

---

那么，当我调用一个通过多处理与资源异步交互的方法时，如何锁定这个类实例呢？

apply\u async

将pickle函数对象并通过队列发送到池工作进程，但由于

c.\u do\u work

是一个绑定方法，该实例也将被pickle，这会导致一个错误。您可以将其包装在普通函数中：

c = O()
def w(*args):
    return c._do_work(*args)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pool = Pool(1)
    pool.apply_async(w, ('a',))
    ...

您应该删除

\uuuuu setstate\uuuu

/

\uuuuu getstate\uuuu