Warning: file_get_contents(/data/phpspider/zhask/data//catemap/8/python-3.x/19.json): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/function.php on line 167

Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/tag.function.php on line 1116

Notice: Undefined index: in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/function.php on line 180

Warning: array_chunk() expects parameter 1 to be array, null given in /data/phpspider/zhask/libs/function.php on line 181
Python中的双链表_Python_Python 3.x - Fatal编程技术网

Python中的双链表

Python中的双链表,python,python-3.x,Python,Python 3.x,结果是一个错误,因为超过了时间限制, 但我已经提出了停止迭代 我认为我在迭代部分做了一些错误的事情,但是很难找到错误。测试输出保持运行,甚至打印出None值。这是怎么发生的 class LinkedListIterator: def __init__(self, head): self.__current = head.get_next() def __iter__(self): return self def __next__(sel

结果是一个错误,因为超过了时间限制, 但我已经提出了停止迭代

我认为我在迭代部分做了一些错误的事情,但是很难找到错误。测试输出保持运行,甚至打印出None值。这是怎么发生的

class LinkedListIterator:
    def __init__(self, head):
        self.__current = head.get_next()

    def __iter__(self):
        return self

    def __next__(self):
        if self.__current == None:
            raise StopIteration
        else:
            item = self.__current.get_data()
            self.__current = self.__current.get_next()
            return item
这些是我用来运行程序的输入:

my_list = LinkedListDLL()
my_list.add_to_head(1)
print("Contents:", end=" ")
for node in my_list:
    print(node, end=" ")
print()

此代码用于在迭代到达列表的顶部时停止迭代

    if self.__current == None:
        raise StopIteration
但是,您用一个
nodedell
对象表示头部,该对象不同于
None

您可以保留对头部的引用,并对照该引用进行检查:

class LinkedListIterator:
    def __init__(self, head):
        self._head = head
        self._current = head.get_next()

    def __iter__(self):
        return self

    def __next__(self):
        if self._current is self._head:
            raise StopIteration
        else:
            item = self._current.get_data()
            self._current = self._current.get_next()
            return item

您想要实现的是带有双链表实现的
MutableSequence
的API

要在Python中实现这一点,您应该依赖于
collections.abc
,它可以指导您完成实现所有必需方法的过程

例如,链表实际上是从
MutableSequence
继承的类

from collections.abc import MutableSequence

class LinkedList(MutableSequence):
    pass

ll = LinkedList()
在实例化一个包含一些尚未编写的抽象方法的类时,您将得到一个
TypeError
,它将指导您完成需要实现哪些方法

TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class LinkedList with abstract methods __delitem__, __getitem__, __len__, __setitem__, insert
特别要注意的是,
列表
或链表不是迭代器,而是iterable。这意味着
\uuuuu iter\uuuuu
方法不应返回
self
,而应依赖
\uuuu next\uuuuuu
,而应返回链接列表内容上的全新迭代器

换句话说,您只能通过迭代器进行一次迭代,并且可以通过和iterable进行多次迭代

全面实施 事实证明,我有一个完整的双链表实现,就是这样实现的。你可以看看

from collections.abc import MutableSequence

class LinkedList(MutableSequence):
    class _Node:
        def __init__(self, value, _next=None, _last=None):
            self.value, self._next, self._last = value, _next, _last

        def __str__(self):
            return f'Node({self.value})'

    def __init__(self, iterable=()):
        self.start = None
        self.last = None

        empty = object()
        iterable = iter(iterable)
        first = next(iterable, empty)

        if first is empty:
            return

        current = self._Node(first)
        self.start, self.last = current, current

        for value in iterable:
            new_node = self._Node(value, _last=self.last)
            self.last._next = new_node
            self.last = new_node


    def __len__(self):
        if self.start is None:
            return 0
        else:
            return sum(1 for _ in self)

    def __iter_nodes(self):
        current = self.start

        while current is not None:
            yield current
            current = current._next

    def __reversed_iter_nodes(self):
        current = self.last

        while current is not None:
            yield current
            current = current._last

    def __iter__(self):
        for node in self.__iter_nodes():
            yield node.value

    def __reversed__(self):
        for node in self.__reversed_iter_nodes():
            yield node.value

    def __get_node(self, index):
        if index >= 0:
            for item in self.__iter_nodes():
                if index == 0:
                    return item
                index -= 1
        else:
            for item in self.__reversed_iter_nodes():
                if index == 0:
                    return item
                index += 1
        raise IndexError

    def __getitem__(self, index):
        if index >= 0:
            for item in self:
                if index == 0:
                    return item.value
                index -= 1
        else:
            for item in reversed(self):
                if index == 0:
                    return item.value
                index += 1
        raise IndexError

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        self[key].value = value

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        node = self[key]
        if node._last:
            node._last._next = node._next
        if node._next:
            node._next._last = node._last

    def insert(self, index, value):
        if index > len(self):
            self.last = self._Node(value, _last=self.last)
        else:
            where = self.__get_node(index)
            _last = where._last
            new_node = self._Node(value, _next=where, _last=_last)
            if _last:
                _last._next = new_node
            else:
                self.start = new_node

            where._last = new_node
例子 输出
你的节点类是如何定义的?请用你的
nodedell
类的类定义更新你的问题,以便它可以正确缩进。是的,我已经为我的编码上传了更详细的内容。你可以像你为
LinkedListerator
所做的那样,将代码复制并粘贴为文本,而不是将其作为图片发布,所以我们可以很容易地运行它并自己尝试它?哦,很抱歉。。。这是我第一次使用这个网站
ll = LinkedList(range(1, 5))
print(*ll)

print(*reversed(ll))

ll.insert(2, 'foo')
print(*ll)
1 2 3 4
4 3 2 1
1 2 foo 3 4