Python 给定一组三角形顶点和面,分离对象并形成单独的网格

Python 给定一组三角形顶点和面,分离对象并形成单独的网格,python,networkx,mesh,mplot3d,marching-cubes,Python,Networkx,Mesh,Mplot3d,Marching Cubes,编辑:我已经为这个问题写了一个更简洁的版本,但我保留这篇文章,因为它是一个完整的解释 给定一个3D numpy数组,可以围绕某个阈值形成3D import numpy as np from skimage import measure A = np.zeros((12,12,12)) #A[A<1] = -1 for i in np.arange(1,2): for j in np.arange(1,2): for k in np.arange(1,2):

编辑:我已经为这个问题写了一个更简洁的版本,但我保留这篇文章,因为它是一个完整的解释

给定一个3D numpy数组,可以围绕某个阈值形成3D

import numpy as np
from skimage import measure

A = np.zeros((12,12,12))
#A[A<1] = -1
for i in np.arange(1,2):
    for j in np.arange(1,2):
        for k in np.arange(1,2):
            A[i,j,k] = 10

for i in np.arange(8,9):
    for j in np.arange(8,9):
        for k in np.arange(8,9):
            A[i,j,k] = 10

verts, faces, normals, values = measure.marching_cubes_lewiner(A,1)

# which returns 

verts = [[0.1, 1.,  1. ]  [1.,  1.,  0.1]  [1.,  0.1, 1. ]  [1.,  1.,  1.9]  [1.,  1.9, 1. ]
 [1.9, 1.,  1. ]  [7.1, 8.,  8. ]  [8.,  8.,  7.1]  [8.,  7.1, 8. ]  [8.,  8.,  8.9]
 [8.,  8.9, 8. ]  [8.9, 8.,  8. ]]

faces = [[ 2,  1,  0]  [ 0,  3,  2]  [ 1,  4,  0]  [ 0,  4,  3]  [ 5,  1,  2]  [ 3,  5,  2]
 [ 5,  4,  1]  [ 4,  5,  3]  [ 8,  7,  6]  [ 6,  9,  8]  [ 7, 10,  6]  [ 6, 10,  9]
 [11,  7,  8]  [ 9, 11,  8]  [11, 10,  7]  [10, 11,  9]]
返回此可爱的3D图像:

我使用自己的代码(见下文)使用算法分离这些对象,并获得:

现在的问题是,尽管我已经找到了构成每个图形的顶点,但我不再有简单的方法为每个对象创建单独的3D网格。以前,使用
verts[faces]
创建网格,但不清楚如何将每个
图形
关联以创建三角形网格。我试图解决这个问题,但没有成功。例如:

verts1 = verts[0:6]
faces1 = faces[0:6] 
mesh = Poly3DCollection(verts1[faces1])
这是行不通的。我认为关键是找到每个物体对应的面。如果这样做了,它可能会起作用。例如,我们的第一个图仅包括顶点1到6。因此,我们只需要引用这些顶点的
。作为演示,第一个图形,
graph1
可以使用以下方法复制(不使用graph2):

如果我不仅可以记录顶点,还可以记录它们的索引,那么我就可以对引用该对象的面进行排序。我会解释的。第一个问题,我没有索引。这是我排序对象的方法。我们首先创建一个线列表(或edgelist),然后对它们创建元组,然后使用networkx查找连接的组件

# create linelist
linelist = []
for idx, vert in enumerate(faces):  
    for i,x in enumerate(vert):
        l = [np.ndarray.tolist(verts[faces[idx][i]]), np.ndarray.tolist(verts[faces[idx][(i+1)%len(vert)]])] # connect the verts of the triangle
        linelist.append(l)  # add to the line list

# Creates graph
tmp = [tuple(tuple(j) for j in i) for i in linelist]
graph = nx.Graph(tmp)
graphs = []
i=0
for idx, graph in enumerate(sorted(nx.connected_components(graph),key = len, reverse = True)):
    graphs.append((graph))
    print("Graph ",idx," corresponds to vertices: ",graph,'\n\n',file=open("output.txt","a"))         
    i+=1
我不明白networkx如何也能记录每个顶点的索引

其次,引用每个对象的
可能是不相交的,即它可能是
面[0:4]+面[66]+面[100:110]
。然而,这可能是可以克服的

假设我们可以为每个图生成一个索引列表,主要问题是找到一种有效的方法来发现哪些面引用了这些顶点。我的解决方案适用于这组对象,但不适用于更复杂的排列(我可以提供)。它也异常缓慢。不过,这是:

objects  = []
obj = []
i = 0
for idx, face in enumerate(M):
    if i == 0:
        obj.append(face)
        i = i + 1
    else:
        if np.isin(face,obj).any():
            obj.append(face)
        else: 
            objects.append(obj.copy())
            obj = []
            obj.append(face)
            i = 0
        if idx == len(M)-1:
            objects.append(obj.copy())
如果你读到这里,我真的对社区印象深刻。我认为也许有一种有效的方法可以通过networkx实现这一点,但我还没有找到

所需输出:我希望像对顶点排序一样,将面排序为连接的组件<代码>图形1=面[x1]+面[x2]+…+面[xn]


编辑:如果有人能帮我编码,我确实有个主意(部分要感谢@Ehsan)。在分离成连接的组件并找到图之后,可以对每个组件的顶点进行散列以找到原始索引。然后,可以搜索至少包含其中一个索引的
(因为如果它包含一个顶点,那么它必须是
的面)。我不确定这会有多有效。我希望有一个快速的networkx解决方案。

@Paul Broderson回答了这个问题

我把它放在这里只是为了美观:

#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Given a list of triangles, find the connected components.

https://stackoverflow.com/q/61584283/2912349
"""
import itertools
import networkx as nx

faces = [[ 2,  1,  0],  [ 0,  3,  2],  [ 1,  4,  0],  [ 0,  4,  3],  [ 5,  1,  2],  [ 3,  5,  2],
         [ 5,  4,  1],  [ 4,  5,  3],  [ 8,  7,  6],  [ 6,  9,  8],  [ 7, 10,  6],  [ 6, 10,  9],
         [11,  7,  8],  [ 9, 11,  8],  [11, 10,  7],  [10, 11,  9]]

#create graph
edges = []
for face in faces:
    edges.extend(list(itertools.combinations(face, 2)))
g = nx.from_edgelist(edges)

# compute connected components and print results
components = list(nx.algorithms.components.connected_components(g))

for component in components:
    print(component)

# {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
# {6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11}

# separate faces by component
component_to_faces = dict()
for component in components:
    component_to_faces[tuple(component)] = [face for face in faces if set(face) <= component] # <= operator tests for subset relation

for component, component_faces in component_to_faces.items():
    print(component, component_faces)
# (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) [[2, 1, 0], [0, 3, 2], [1, 4, 0], [0, 4, 3], [5, 1, 2], [3, 5, 2], [5, 4, 1], [4, 5, 3]]
# (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) [[8, 7, 6], [6, 9, 8], [7, 10, 6], [6, 10, 9], [11, 7, 8], [9, 11, 8], [11, 10, 7], [10, 11, 9]] 
#/usr/bin/env python
"""
给定三角形列表,查找连接的组件。
https://stackoverflow.com/q/61584283/2912349
"""
进口itertools
将networkx导入为nx
面=[[2,1,0],[0,3,2],[1,4,0],[0,4,3],[5,1,2],[3,5,2],
[ 5,  4,  1],  [ 4,  5,  3],  [ 8,  7,  6],  [ 6,  9,  8],  [ 7, 10,  6],  [ 6, 10,  9],
[11,  7,  8],  [ 9, 11,  8],  [11, 10,  7],  [10, 11,  9]]
#创建图形
边=[]
对于面中的面:
扩展(列表(itertools.组合(面,2)))
g=nx.从边缘列表(边缘)
#计算连接的组件并打印结果
组件=列表(nx.algorithms.components.connected_components(g))
对于组件中的组件:
打印(组件)
# {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
# {6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11}
#按组件分离面
组件到面=dict()
对于组件中的组件:

组件到面[元组(组件)]=[面对面如果设置(面)您能否以正确的格式(即设置了所有逗号)添加
顶点
)?因此,我们可以在代码中直接使用您的数据。此外,我不确定您的答案是否正确。您想将面和顶点拆分为属于连接对象的相同样式的列表吗?也许添加一种形式的所需输出有助于澄清这一点。当然,更新了
顶点
s、 基本上,我想将面分类为对象,就像将顶点分类为对象一样,每个
顶点的集合都连接在一起。使用顶点更容易,因为它们可以以边列表的形式放置。我不知道如何使用
。我将用忘记放置的更多代码更新帖子。@Sparky05我创建了一个更简洁的问题,并提出了更明确的期望:
# create linelist
linelist = []
for idx, vert in enumerate(faces):  
    for i,x in enumerate(vert):
        l = [np.ndarray.tolist(verts[faces[idx][i]]), np.ndarray.tolist(verts[faces[idx][(i+1)%len(vert)]])] # connect the verts of the triangle
        linelist.append(l)  # add to the line list

# Creates graph
tmp = [tuple(tuple(j) for j in i) for i in linelist]
graph = nx.Graph(tmp)
graphs = []
i=0
for idx, graph in enumerate(sorted(nx.connected_components(graph),key = len, reverse = True)):
    graphs.append((graph))
    print("Graph ",idx," corresponds to vertices: ",graph,'\n\n',file=open("output.txt","a"))         
    i+=1
objects  = []
obj = []
i = 0
for idx, face in enumerate(M):
    if i == 0:
        obj.append(face)
        i = i + 1
    else:
        if np.isin(face,obj).any():
            obj.append(face)
        else: 
            objects.append(obj.copy())
            obj = []
            obj.append(face)
            i = 0
        if idx == len(M)-1:
            objects.append(obj.copy())
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Given a list of triangles, find the connected components.

https://stackoverflow.com/q/61584283/2912349
"""
import itertools
import networkx as nx

faces = [[ 2,  1,  0],  [ 0,  3,  2],  [ 1,  4,  0],  [ 0,  4,  3],  [ 5,  1,  2],  [ 3,  5,  2],
         [ 5,  4,  1],  [ 4,  5,  3],  [ 8,  7,  6],  [ 6,  9,  8],  [ 7, 10,  6],  [ 6, 10,  9],
         [11,  7,  8],  [ 9, 11,  8],  [11, 10,  7],  [10, 11,  9]]

#create graph
edges = []
for face in faces:
    edges.extend(list(itertools.combinations(face, 2)))
g = nx.from_edgelist(edges)

# compute connected components and print results
components = list(nx.algorithms.components.connected_components(g))

for component in components:
    print(component)

# {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
# {6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11}

# separate faces by component
component_to_faces = dict()
for component in components:
    component_to_faces[tuple(component)] = [face for face in faces if set(face) <= component] # <= operator tests for subset relation

for component, component_faces in component_to_faces.items():
    print(component, component_faces)
# (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) [[2, 1, 0], [0, 3, 2], [1, 4, 0], [0, 4, 3], [5, 1, 2], [3, 5, 2], [5, 4, 1], [4, 5, 3]]
# (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) [[8, 7, 6], [6, 9, 8], [7, 10, 6], [6, 10, 9], [11, 7, 8], [9, 11, 8], [11, 10, 7], [10, 11, 9]]