Python:indexer错误：使用randint函数列出索引超出范围

我有一个代码，询问用户是否希望程序绘制矩形图案（如果他们输入数字1）或圆形图案（如果他们输入数字2）

它工作得很好，但是如果用户输入数字3，则程序必须随机选择在屏幕上的随机位置绘制圆形或矩形图案

用户在选择（3）后必须输入的唯一输入是屏幕上应绘制多少随机图案

问题是我遇到了一个错误

“第91行，在drawSuperPattern rand_shape=shape_functs[randint（0,1）]索引器中：列表索引超出范围”

我怎样才能解决这个问题？我试着把它修好，但似乎解决不了

我的主要代码：

import pattern

def main():

    while True:
        print("Choose a mode")
        print("1) Rectangle Pattern")
        print("2) Circle Pattern")
        print("3) Super Pattern")

        mode = int(input("Which mode do you want to play? 1, 2 or 3: "))

        pattern.setup()

        if mode == 1:
            width = int(input("Enter width for the rectangles: "))
            height = int(input("Enter height for the rectangles: "))
            offset = int(input("Enter the offset for the rectangle: "))
            count = int(input("Enter how many rectangles you'd like in the pattern: "))
            centerX, centerY = eval(input("Enter center position (x, y): "))

            pattern.drawRectanglePattern(int(centerX), int(centerY), width, height, count, offset)
        elif mode == 2:
            radius = int(input("Enter the radius for the circles: "))
            offset2 = int(input("Enter the offset for the circle: "))
            count = int(input("Enter how many circles you'd like in the pattern: "))
            centerX, centerY = eval(input("Enter center position (x, y): "))

            pattern.drawCirclePattern(int(centerX), int(centerY), radius, count, offset2)
        elif mode == 3:
            super = int(input("Enter how many super patterns you'd like: "))

            pattern.drawSuperPattern(super)

        print("Do you want to play again?")
        print("1) Yes, and keep drawings")
        print("2) Yes, and clear drawings")
        print("3) No, I am all done")

        response = int(input("Choose 1, 2, or 3: "))

        if response == 1:
            pass
        elif response == 2:
            pattern.reset()
        else:
            print("Thanks for playing!")
            break

main()

pattern.py代码

import turtle
from random import choice, randint

turtle.speed('fastest')

SCREEN_WIDTH = 1000
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 800

COLORS = ["pink", "red", "purple", "black", "dark cyan", "lavender", "blue", "yellow", "dark green", "orange", "gold", "brown", "tan"]

def setup():
    turtle.screensize(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)
    turtle.speed('fastest')

def reset():
    turtle.clearscreen()

def getRandomColor():
    return choice(COLORS)

def drawRectangle(centerX, centerY, width, height):
    #turtle.goto(centerX - width/2, centerY - height/2)
    turtle.pd()
    turtle.color(getRandomColor())

    for _ in range(2):
        turtle.forward(width)
        turtle.left(90)
        turtle.forward(height)
        turtle.left(90)


def drawRectanglePattern(centerX, centerY, width, height, count, offset):
    rotation = 360 / count
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(centerX, centerY)

    for _ in range(count):

        turtle.pu()

        turtle.forward(offset)
        turtle.right(90+rotation/2)

        drawRectangle(centerX, centerY, width, height)

        turtle.pu()

        turtle.left(90+rotation/2)
        turtle.backward(offset)


        turtle.right(rotation)

def drawCircle(centerX, centerY, radius):

    turtle.pd()
    turtle.color(getRandomColor())
    turtle.circle(radius)


def drawCirclePattern(centerX, centerY, radius, count, offset2):
    rotation = 360 / count
    turtle.pu()
    turtle.goto(centerX, centerY)

    for _ in range(count):

        turtle.pu()

        turtle.forward(offset2)
        turtle.right(90+rotation/2)

        drawCircle(centerX, centerY, radius)


        turtle.pu()

        turtle.left(90+rotation/2)
        turtle.backward(offset2)


        turtle.right(rotation)

def drawSuperPattern(super):

    for i in range(super):

        shape_functs = [drawRectanglePattern]

        rand_shape = shape_functs[randint(0,1)]

        width = randint(0,100)
        height = randint(0,100)
        offset = randint(0,100)
        count = randint(0,100)
        centerX = randint(0,100)
        centerY = randint(0,100)

        rand_shape(int(centerX), int(centerY), width, height, count, offset)

        shape_funcs = [drawCirclePattern]
        rand_shape2 = shape_funcs[randint(0, 1)]

        offset2 = randint(0, 100)
        count = randint(0, 100)
        radius = randint(0, 100)
        centerX = randint(0, 200)
        centerY = randint(0, 200)

        rand_shape2(centerX, centerY, count, offset2, radius)

---

形状函数列表中只有一项：

shape_functs = [drawRectanglePattern]
rand_shape = shape_functs[randint(0,1)]

如果尝试访问元素0，rand_shape将设置为“drawRectanglePattern”，但元素1处没有对象，它超出了列表的边界。如果您尝试访问它，它将出错

你可以试试：

shape_functs = [drawRectanglePattern, drawCirclePattern]

这将解决该错误，但由于drawRectanglePattern和drawCirclePattern使用不同数量的参数，因此当您尝试调用rand_shape时，代码将失败

这里要使用的一个好的软件模式，特别是当您有许多不同的形状可供选择时，将使用“继承”。对于您的简单用例，您可以使用以下内容：

randnum = randint(0, 1)
if randnum == 0:
    # set up rectangle inputs
    drawRectanglePattern(int(centerX), int(centerY), width, height, count, offset)
elif randnum == 1:
    # set up circle inputs
    drawCirclePattern(centerX, centerY, radius, count, offset2)

---

我试过了，但不起作用。我已经在pattern.py模块上编写了该代码，程序没有给我任何错误，但是程序没有绘制模式。有一个小的输入错误，应该读取randnum=randint（0，1）（不是1，2）。否则代码对我来说运行得很好。你是在主代码还是模式代码中添加的？”因为矩形输入与def drawRectanglePattern不同。此外，对于超级模式，用户只需输入必须绘制的模式数，而无需输入其他任何内容。这就是设置输入不起作用的原因。