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如何在python中从列表中获取零值和非零值的索引范围?_Python_List - Fatal编程技术网

如何在python中从列表中获取零值和非零值的索引范围?

如何在python中从列表中获取零值和非零值的索引范围?,python,list,Python,List,我有一个包含零和非零值的列表。我想在列表中找到元组中的零值和非零值的范围。我正在寻找与pythonic方式包免费解决方案。例如 a = [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 11, 12, 12, 12, 13, 13, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 25, 42, 54, 61, 61, 68, 73, 103

我有一个包含零和非零值的列表。我想在列表中找到元组中的零值和非零值的范围。我正在寻找与pythonic方式包免费解决方案。例如

a = [ 0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   5,  11,  12,
        12,  12,  13,  13,  17,  17,  17,  17,  17,  17,  17,  17,  17,
        25,  42,  54,  61,  61,  68,  73, 103, 115, 138, 147, 170, 187,
       192, 197, 201, 208, 210, 214, 216, 217, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221,
       222, 222, 219, 220, 220, 221, 220, 216, 216, 217, 217, 217, 217,
       216, 216, 216, 209, 204, 193, 185, 177, 161, 156, 143, 110, 103,
        89,  82,  62,  62,  62,  60,  56,  55,  50,  49,  48,  47,  47,
        45,  44,  43,  42,  40,  37,  23,  22,  14,  12,   6,   0,   0,
         0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
         0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   5,
         6,   6,   6,   7,   7,   7,  13,  29,  31,  32,  33,  41,  42,
        43,  43,  44,  44,  44,  44,  44,  60,  70,  71,  72,  88,  95,
       104, 105, 111, 124, 125, 131, 145, 157, 169, 174, 186, 190, 190,
       191, 192, 192, 193, 193, 193, 194, 198, 201, 202, 203, 202, 203,
       203, 203, 203, 203, 203, 197, 195, 186, 177, 171, 154, 153, 148,
       141, 140, 135, 132, 120, 108,  94,  86,  78,  73,  60,  53,  46,
        46,  45,  44,  43,  37,  35,  29,  26,  19,  11,   0]]
输出:idx=[(0,9),(10101),(102128),…]

import numpy as np 

unique, counts = np.unique(a, return_counts=True)
idx = tuple(zip(unique, counts))
我想这对你有用

您可以
enumerate()
获取索引,
itertools.groupby()
将falsy(
0
)和truthy值组合在一起,并使用
运算符提取开始和结束索引。itemgetter(0,-1)


这是一个没有外部库的答案:

pointer = 0
is_zero = True
result = []


def finder(p, is_z):
    while (a[p] == 0) is is_z:
        p += 1
        if p == len(a):
            return p
    return p


while pointer < len(a):
    tmp = finder(pointer, is_zero)
    result.append((pointer, tmp - 1))
    pointer = tmp
    is_zero = not is_zero
print(result)
pointer=0
_zero=真吗
结果=[]
def查找器(p,is_z):
而(a[p]==0)是z:
p+=1
如果p==len(a):
返回p
返回p
当指针
这里是我的建议,没有外部软件包,简短易懂:

# Compute list "b" by replacing any non-zero value of "a" with 1
b = list(map(int,[i != 0 for i in a]))

#Compute ranges of 0 and ranges of 1
idx = []   # result list of tuples
ind = 0    # index of first element of each range of zeros or non-zeros
for n,i in enumerate(b):
    if (n+1 == len(b)) or (b[n] != b[n+1]):
        # Here: EITHER it is the last value of the list 
        #       OR a new range starts at index n+1
        idx.append((ind,n))
        ind = n+1

print(idx)
无需导入(因此无需搜索库文档以了解这些导入的工作方式:-)和注释

# results is the output list, each entry is a list of startindex,stopindex
results = []
# each time round the logical value is remembered in previouslvalue
previouslvalue = None
for i,value in enumerate(a):
    # get the logical value (==0/!=0) from value
    lvalue = True if value != 0 else False
    if previouslvalue is None or lvalue != previouslvalue:
        # this is either the first entry, or the lvalue has changed
        # either way, append a new entry to results, with the current index as start/finish of the run
        results.append([i,i])
    else:
        # same lvalue as previous, extend the last entry to include this index
        results[-1][1] = i
    # save the logical value for next time round the loop
    previouslvalue = lvalue
print results
输出为:

[[0, 9], [10, 101], [102, 128], [129, 217], [218, 252], [253, 338], [339, 362], [363, 447], [448, 490], [491, 580], [581,581]]
回应关于在结果列表中包含逻辑值的评论,这非常简单:

# results is the output list, each entry is a list of startindex,stopindex
results = []
# each time round the 
previouslvalue = None
for i,value in enumerate(a):
    # get the logical value (==0/!=0) from value
    lvalue = True if value != 0 else False
    if previouslvalue is None or lvalue != previouslvalue:
        # this is either the first entry, or the lvalue has changed
        # either way, append a new entry to results, with the current index as start/finish of the run
        # include the logical value in the list of results
        results.append([i,i,lvalue])
    else:
        # same lvalue as previous, extend the last entry to include this index
        results[-1][1] = i
    # save the logical value for next time round the loop
    previouslvalue = lvalue
print results
现在的输出是:

[[0, 9, False], [10, 101, True], [102, 128, False], [129, 217, True], [218, 252, False], [253, 338, True], [339, 362, False], [363, 447, True], [448, 490, False], [491, 580, True], [581, 581, False]]

这似乎与OP的预期输出不匹配。它给出的输出与
集合相同。Counter
。如果短小是唯一的目标,那么这就是一个明显的赢家,但我不知道它是如何工作的,而且作为一个单行程序,(根据定义)没有机会包括注释,向代码审阅者解释它是如何工作的。这是给你的一行,嘿?@barny我确实在上面做了解释,我建议你参考
enumerate
itertools
operator
的文档,但是如果你有任何具体问题,我很乐意尝试在这里回答:)做得好-简单是一大优势,包括注释做得很好。根据您的第一条注释,我不能用一个替换它,因为值是矩阵水平值的总和。我可能会得到“1”作为一个将改变未来计算含义的求和值。@Zara我的建议不会改变名为
a
的原始列表的值。它创建另一个临时列表,我将其命名为
b
,以计算元组列表。所以这对你来说应该没问题。@Zara关于你对另一个答案添加零值/非零值的评论,你可以使用
idx.append((ind,n,str(b[n]))
而不是
idx.append((ind,n))
。还是很简单!你的方法很好。我考虑过类似的逻辑,但我无法在代码中实现它。我是否可以添加具有零值和非零值的索引范围?e、 (0,9,'0'),(10101,'1'),(102128,'0'),…]这很简单,只需更改
结果。将([i,i])
附加到
结果。附加([i,i,左值])
-参见编辑后的答案
[[0, 9, False], [10, 101, True], [102, 128, False], [129, 217, True], [218, 252, False], [253, 338, True], [339, 362, False], [363, 447, True], [448, 490, False], [491, 580, True], [581, 581, False]]