Python 烧瓶-无法将实例芹菜用于app/\uuuu init\uuuuu.py？

我已经访问了社区中的几个问题，但我认为这是我的错，因为我无法确定使用Flask中的factory architecture模式的适当方式

我们有一个基于Flask+Gunicorn+Nginx的应用程序，它总是在没有重大挑战的情况下工作。但是，我们需要构建一个需要异步任务的解决方案。 很快，人们一致同意用芹菜来做这件事，但即使是按照所用的风格

我不能让项目编译，因为它告诉我有导入错误，并且官方没有明确说明如何在结构工厂中使用它，只是如何在单个实例中使用它

我怎样才能解决这个问题

我的回溯：

  File "/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/celery_runner.py", line 3, in <module>
    from app import create_app
  File "/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/app/__init__.py", line 9, in <module>
    from .api import configure as config_api
  File "/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/app/api.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .resources.chosen import Change
  File "/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/app/resources/chosen.py", line 5, in <module>
    from app.jobs.tasks import exec_change as tk_change
  File "/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/app/jobs/tasks.py", line 1, in <module>
    from app import celery
ImportError: cannot import name 'celery' from 'app' (/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/app/__init__.py)

.
├── app
│   ├── api.py
│   ├── jobs
│   │   ├── celeryconfig.py
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   └── tasks.py
│   ├── jwt.py
│   ├── models
│   │   ├── core.py
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   ├── inventory.py
│   │   └── other.py
│   ├── resources
│   │   ├── chosen.py
│   │   └── __init__.py
│   ├── schemas.py
│   ├── services
│   │   ├── chosen.py
│   │   ├── base.py
│   │   ├── chosen_other.py
│   │   └── inventory.py
│   ├── static
│   │   ├── swagger.json
│   │   └── swagger.yaml
│   ├── swagger.py
│   └── utils.py
├── celery_runner.py
├── config.py
├── main.py
├── test.log
└── tests
    ├── __init__.py
    └── test_inventory.py

代码：

  File "/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/celery_runner.py", line 3, in <module>
    from app import create_app
  File "/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/app/__init__.py", line 9, in <module>
    from .api import configure as config_api
  File "/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/app/api.py", line 3, in <module>
    from .resources.chosen import Change
  File "/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/app/resources/chosen.py", line 5, in <module>
    from app.jobs.tasks import exec_change as tk_change
  File "/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/app/jobs/tasks.py", line 1, in <module>
    from app import celery
ImportError: cannot import name 'celery' from 'app' (/home/user/Workspace/test/project_async/app/__init__.py)

.
├── app
│   ├── api.py
│   ├── jobs
│   │   ├── celeryconfig.py
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   └── tasks.py
│   ├── jwt.py
│   ├── models
│   │   ├── core.py
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   ├── inventory.py
│   │   └── other.py
│   ├── resources
│   │   ├── chosen.py
│   │   └── __init__.py
│   ├── schemas.py
│   ├── services
│   │   ├── chosen.py
│   │   ├── base.py
│   │   ├── chosen_other.py
│   │   └── inventory.py
│   ├── static
│   │   ├── swagger.json
│   │   └── swagger.yaml
│   ├── swagger.py
│   └── utils.py
├── celery_runner.py
├── config.py
├── main.py
├── test.log
└── tests
    ├── __init__.py
    └── test_inventory.py

path-app/\uuuuu init\uuuuuu.py

from flask import Flask
from flask_cors import CORS
from flask_migrate import Migrate

from config import configure as config_project

from .api import configure as config_api
from .jwt import configure as config_jwt
from .models.core import configure as config_db
from .models.inventory import configure as config_db_mongo
from .swagger import configure as config_docs
from celery import Celery

celery = Celery(__name__)

def create_app(config_name):

    app = Flask(__name__)

    '''Added Configurations'''
    config_project(app)
    config_jwt(app)
    config_api(app)
    config_docs(app)
    config_db(app)
    config_db_mongo(app)
    '''Added Thirds'''
    CORS(app)
    Migrate(app, app.db)
    '''Background Tasks'''
    celery.conf.update(app.config)
    celery.config_from_object('app.jobs.celeryconfig')

    return app

from dotenv import find_dotenv, load_dotenv

from app import create_app

load_dotenv(find_dotenv())

app = create_app(getenv('FLASK_ENV') or 'default')
app.app_context().push()

broker_url = 'redis://localhost:6379/1'
result_backend = 'redis://localhost:6379/0'

# import
imports = 'app.jobs.tasks'

# Timezone
timezone = 'America/Bogota'
enable_utc = True

from app import celery
from app.services.chosen_other import ChangeOpportunity


@celery.task(name='tasks.change')
def exec_change(data, change, client):
    change = ChangeOpportunity(data, change, client)
    change.execute_change()

path-project\u async/芹菜\u worker.py

from flask import Flask
from flask_cors import CORS
from flask_migrate import Migrate

from config import configure as config_project

from .api import configure as config_api
from .jwt import configure as config_jwt
from .models.core import configure as config_db
from .models.inventory import configure as config_db_mongo
from .swagger import configure as config_docs
from celery import Celery

celery = Celery(__name__)

def create_app(config_name):

    app = Flask(__name__)

    '''Added Configurations'''
    config_project(app)
    config_jwt(app)
    config_api(app)
    config_docs(app)
    config_db(app)
    config_db_mongo(app)
    '''Added Thirds'''
    CORS(app)
    Migrate(app, app.db)
    '''Background Tasks'''
    celery.conf.update(app.config)
    celery.config_from_object('app.jobs.celeryconfig')

    return app

from dotenv import find_dotenv, load_dotenv

from app import create_app

load_dotenv(find_dotenv())

app = create_app(getenv('FLASK_ENV') or 'default')
app.app_context().push()

broker_url = 'redis://localhost:6379/1'
result_backend = 'redis://localhost:6379/0'

# import
imports = 'app.jobs.tasks'

# Timezone
timezone = 'America/Bogota'
enable_utc = True

from app import celery
from app.services.chosen_other import ChangeOpportunity


@celery.task(name='tasks.change')
def exec_change(data, change, client):
    change = ChangeOpportunity(data, change, client)
    change.execute_change()

path-app/jobs/celeryconfig.py

from flask import Flask
from flask_cors import CORS
from flask_migrate import Migrate

from config import configure as config_project

from .api import configure as config_api
from .jwt import configure as config_jwt
from .models.core import configure as config_db
from .models.inventory import configure as config_db_mongo
from .swagger import configure as config_docs
from celery import Celery

celery = Celery(__name__)

def create_app(config_name):

    app = Flask(__name__)

    '''Added Configurations'''
    config_project(app)
    config_jwt(app)
    config_api(app)
    config_docs(app)
    config_db(app)
    config_db_mongo(app)
    '''Added Thirds'''
    CORS(app)
    Migrate(app, app.db)
    '''Background Tasks'''
    celery.conf.update(app.config)
    celery.config_from_object('app.jobs.celeryconfig')

    return app

from dotenv import find_dotenv, load_dotenv

from app import create_app

load_dotenv(find_dotenv())

app = create_app(getenv('FLASK_ENV') or 'default')
app.app_context().push()

broker_url = 'redis://localhost:6379/1'
result_backend = 'redis://localhost:6379/0'

# import
imports = 'app.jobs.tasks'

# Timezone
timezone = 'America/Bogota'
enable_utc = True

from app import celery
from app.services.chosen_other import ChangeOpportunity


@celery.task(name='tasks.change')
def exec_change(data, change, client):
    change = ChangeOpportunity(data, change, client)
    change.execute_change()

path-app/jobs/tasks.py

from flask import Flask
from flask_cors import CORS
from flask_migrate import Migrate

from config import configure as config_project

from .api import configure as config_api
from .jwt import configure as config_jwt
from .models.core import configure as config_db
from .models.inventory import configure as config_db_mongo
from .swagger import configure as config_docs
from celery import Celery

celery = Celery(__name__)

def create_app(config_name):

    app = Flask(__name__)

    '''Added Configurations'''
    config_project(app)
    config_jwt(app)
    config_api(app)
    config_docs(app)
    config_db(app)
    config_db_mongo(app)
    '''Added Thirds'''
    CORS(app)
    Migrate(app, app.db)
    '''Background Tasks'''
    celery.conf.update(app.config)
    celery.config_from_object('app.jobs.celeryconfig')

    return app

from dotenv import find_dotenv, load_dotenv

from app import create_app

load_dotenv(find_dotenv())

app = create_app(getenv('FLASK_ENV') or 'default')
app.app_context().push()

broker_url = 'redis://localhost:6379/1'
result_backend = 'redis://localhost:6379/0'

# import
imports = 'app.jobs.tasks'

# Timezone
timezone = 'America/Bogota'
enable_utc = True

from app import celery
from app.services.chosen_other import ChangeOpportunity


@celery.task(name='tasks.change')
def exec_change(data, change, client):
    change = ChangeOpportunity(data, change, client)
    change.execute_change()

---

这是由循环进口造成的。实际问题是导入

api.py

最终会导入芹菜任务。由于在定义

芹菜

实例之前，您正在执行

from.api import configure

，因此这会打破循环依赖关系

您应该尝试重新组织代码，以便导入一个模块时不需要导入大量其他模块。如果查看堆栈跟踪，可以看到

api.py

导入

resources/selected.py

，它导入

jobs/tasks.py

。是否需要所有的跨包导入

---

尝试分解更复杂的模块，这样您就不会有所有这些间接导入。

在我看来，您只是有循环导入。一个模块正在导入另一个模块，该模块正在导入另一个模块，该模块最终将再次导入第一个模块。这是对的@deceze，我已经发现了这一点，错误在于我在

app/\uuuuuuuuu.init\uuuuuuuuuu.py

模块内调用芹菜实例的方式

app/jobs/tasks.py

。但如何解决这个问题呢？主要是通过不将大量内容放入

\uuu init\uuuuuuuupy

中。但是@deceze，在使用flask的几种类型的项目中，我注意到注入外部配置（比如数据库上下文）是有效的。显然，只吃芹菜这似乎不是正确的方法。