python:access NS api

对于一个附带项目，我试图通过NS api对NS（Nederlandse Spoorwegen）数据进行一些分析

奇怪的是，从中获取站点信息效果很好，但是尝试从中获取所有站点会导致HTTPError

有效：

import urllib2
from xml.etree import ElementTree
import datetime, time, sys

theurl = 'http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-avt'
username = 'username'
password = 'password'

passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
passman.add_password(None, theurl, username, password)

authhandler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(passman)

opener = urllib2.build_opener(authhandler)

urllib2.install_opener(opener)

specificURL = 'http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-avt?station=Dordrecht'

xmlHandle = urllib2.urlopen(specificURL)

theurl = 'http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-avt'
username = 'username'
password = 'password'

passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
passman.add_password(None, theurl, username, password)

authhandler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(passman)

opener = urllib2.build_opener(authhandler)

urllib2.install_opener(opener)

specificURL = "http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-stations"

xmlHandle = urllib2.urlopen(specificURL)

File "stations.py", line 32, in <module>
    xmlHandle = urllib2.urlopen(specificURL)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 127, in urlopen
    return _opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 410, in open
    response = meth(req, response)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 523, in http_response
    'http', request, response, code, msg, hdrs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 448, in error
    return self._call_chain(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 382, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 531, in http_error_default
    raise HTTPError(req.get_full_url(), code, msg, hdrs, fp)
urllib2.HTTPError: HTTP Error 401: Unauthorized

不起作用：

import urllib2
from xml.etree import ElementTree
import datetime, time, sys

theurl = 'http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-avt'
username = 'username'
password = 'password'

passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
passman.add_password(None, theurl, username, password)

authhandler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(passman)

opener = urllib2.build_opener(authhandler)

urllib2.install_opener(opener)

specificURL = 'http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-avt?station=Dordrecht'

xmlHandle = urllib2.urlopen(specificURL)

theurl = 'http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-avt'
username = 'username'
password = 'password'

passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
passman.add_password(None, theurl, username, password)

authhandler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(passman)

opener = urllib2.build_opener(authhandler)

urllib2.install_opener(opener)

specificURL = "http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-stations"

xmlHandle = urllib2.urlopen(specificURL)

File "stations.py", line 32, in <module>
    xmlHandle = urllib2.urlopen(specificURL)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 127, in urlopen
    return _opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 410, in open
    response = meth(req, response)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 523, in http_response
    'http', request, response, code, msg, hdrs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 448, in error
    return self._call_chain(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 382, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 531, in http_error_default
    raise HTTPError(req.get_full_url(), code, msg, hdrs, fp)
urllib2.HTTPError: HTTP Error 401: Unauthorized

这两个例程是相同的，但产生不同的结果。我错过什么了吗

错误代码：

import urllib2
from xml.etree import ElementTree
import datetime, time, sys

theurl = 'http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-avt'
username = 'username'
password = 'password'

passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
passman.add_password(None, theurl, username, password)

authhandler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(passman)

opener = urllib2.build_opener(authhandler)

urllib2.install_opener(opener)

specificURL = 'http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-avt?station=Dordrecht'

xmlHandle = urllib2.urlopen(specificURL)

theurl = 'http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-avt'
username = 'username'
password = 'password'

passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
passman.add_password(None, theurl, username, password)

authhandler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(passman)

opener = urllib2.build_opener(authhandler)

urllib2.install_opener(opener)

specificURL = "http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-stations"

xmlHandle = urllib2.urlopen(specificURL)

File "stations.py", line 32, in <module>
    xmlHandle = urllib2.urlopen(specificURL)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 127, in urlopen
    return _opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 410, in open
    response = meth(req, response)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 523, in http_response
    'http', request, response, code, msg, hdrs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 448, in error
    return self._call_chain(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 382, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 531, in http_error_default
    raise HTTPError(req.get_full_url(), code, msg, hdrs, fp)
urllib2.HTTPError: HTTP Error 401: Unauthorized

文件“stations.py”，第32行，在
xmlHandle=urllib2.urlopen（specificURL）
urlopen中的文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第127行
return\u opener.open（url、数据、超时）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第410行，打开
响应=方法（请求，响应）
http_响应中的文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第523行
“http”、请求、响应、代码、消息、hdrs）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第448行出错
返回自我。调用链（*args）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第382行，在调用链中
结果=func（*args）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py”，第531行，http\u error\u default
raise HTTPError（请求获取完整url（），代码，消息，hdrs，fp）
urllib2.HTTPError:HTTP错误401:未经授权

（部分）已解决

一个简单的代码，如下所示：

import requests
url = 'http://webservices.ns.nl/ns-api-stations-v2'
username = 'username'
password = 'password'
print(requests.get(url, auth=(username, password)).content)

---

工作！对于这两个URL。奇怪的是，另一种方法不适用于两种情况，而只适用于一种情况。

如果您发布错误的确切文本，将更容易帮助您！