如何在python中将一个周期分解为一组子周期（小时、四分之一小时和分钟）

我想将一个时段拆分为几个预定义大小的子时段

以下是一个例子：

在2021-04-11 15:03:00和2021-04-11 18:03:00之间，分解为小时、四分之一小时和分钟。预期结果为（无具体顺序）：

我现在的代码是：

def ceil_dt(dt, delta):
    return dt + (datetime.min - dt) % delta

def floor_dt(dt, delta):
    return dt - (dt - datetime.min) % delta

def list_dt(start, end, subperiod, indice):
    temp = start
    min = ceil_dt(temp, timedelta(minutes=subperiod[indice]))

    print(f'\nstart {start}')
    print(f'end {end}')
    print(f'subperiod {subperiod}')
    print(f'indice {indice}')
    print(f'min {min}')

    while temp + timedelta(minutes=subperiod[indice]) <= floor_dt(end, timedelta(minutes=subperiod[indice])) :
        print(f'result {ceil_dt(temp, timedelta(minutes=subperiod[indice]))}')
        temp = temp + timedelta(minutes=subperiod[indice])
        max = ceil_dt(temp, timedelta(minutes=subperiod[indice]))

    print(f'max {max}')

    if min != start:
        print("other min")
        indice = indice + 1
        list_dt(start, min, subperiod, indice)

#     if max != end:
#         print("other max")
#         indice = indice + 1
#         list_dt(max, end, subperiod, indice)


subperiod = [60, 15, 1]
indice = 0

start = datetime(2021, 4, 11, 15, 3, 0)
end = datetime(2021, 4, 11, 18, 3, 0)
list_dt(start, end, subperiod, indice)

def ceil_dt（dt，delta）：
返回dt+（datetime.min-dt）%delta
def地板_dt（dt，增量）：
返回dt-（dt-datetime.min）%delta
def列表（开始、结束、子周期、指示）：
温度=开始
min=ceil_dt（温度、时间增量（分钟=子周期[指标]）
打印（f'\n开始{start}'）
打印（f'end{end}'）
打印（f'subperiod{subperiod}'）
打印（f'indice{indice}'）
打印（f'min{min}）
当temp+timedelta（分钟=子周期[indice]）时，您可以使用
while
循环：

from datetime import datetime, timedelta as td
def list_dt(d1, d2):
  while d1 < d2:
     yield d1
     if not d1.minute and d1+td(hours = 1) <= d2:
        d1 += td(hours = 1)
     elif not d1.minute%15 and d1+td(minutes = 15) <= d2:
        d1 += td(minutes = 15)
     else:
        d1 += td(minutes = 1)

for a, b in [[datetime(2021, 4, 11, 15, 3, 0), datetime(2021, 4, 11, 18, 3, 0)], [datetime(2021, 4, 11, 15, 0, 0), datetime(2021, 4, 11, 18, 0, 0)], [datetime(2021, 4, 11, 15, 15, 0), datetime(2021, 4, 11, 18, 30, 0)]]:
   for i in list_dt(a, b):
      print(str(i))
   print('-'*20)

您所描述的内容已通过datetime的提供。作为一个基本示例，您可以编写如下函数：

    import dateutil.rrule as rrule
    from datetime import datetime, timedelta
    
    # function to round to nearest n time
    def round_nearest(date, **kwargs):
        secs = timedelta(**kwargs).total_seconds()
        return datetime.fromtimestamp(date.timestamp() + secs - date.timestamp() % secs)
    
    # function to return per OP's post
    def hours_aligned(start, end, inc = True):
        print("Minutes")
        if inc: yield start # remove if you don't require start
        rule = rrule.rrule(rrule.MINUTELY, dtstart=start)
        for x in rule.between(start, end, inc = False):
            yield x
        if inc: yield end # remove if you don't require end
    
        print("Hours")
        if inc: yield start # remove if you don't require start
        rule = rrule.rrule(rrule.HOURLY, dtstart=start)
        for x in rule.between(start, end, inc = False):
            yield x
        if inc: yield end # remove if you don't require end
    
        print("Quarter Hours")
        if inc: yield start # remove if you don't require start
        rule = rrule.rrule(rrule.MINUTELY, interval=15, dtstart=round_nearest(start, minutes=15))
        for x in rule.between(start, end, inc = False):
            yield x
        if inc: yield end # remove if you don't require end
    
    
    start = datetime(2021, 4, 11, 15, 3, 0)
    end = datetime(2021, 4, 11, 18, 3, 0)
    
    for x in hours_aligned(start, end, inc=True):
        print(x)

Minutes
2021-04-11 15:03:00
2021-04-11 15:04:00
2021-04-11 15:05:00
2021-04-11 15:06:00
2021-04-11 15:07:00
2021-04-11 15:08:00
2021-04-11 15:09:00
2021-04-11 15:10:00
2021-04-11 15:11:00
2021-04-11 15:12:00
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2021-04-11 15:14:00
2021-04-11 15:15:00
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2021-04-11 15:17:00
2021-04-11 15:18:00
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2021-04-11 18:00:00
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2021-04-11 18:03:00
Hours
2021-04-11 15:03:00
2021-04-11 16:03:00
2021-04-11 17:03:00
2021-04-11 18:03:00
Quarter Hours
2021-04-11 15:03:00
2021-04-11 15:15:00
2021-04-11 15:30:00
2021-04-11 15:45:00
2021-04-11 16:00:00
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2021-04-11 17:15:00
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2021-04-11 17:45:00
2021-04-11 18:00:00
2021-04-11 18:03:00

我创建了3条规则，即按分钟，按分钟，但间隔15分钟，然后按小时，即每小时。Inc只是您是否希望包含起始端。
为什么是
2021-04-11 18:00:00（分钟）
而不是
小时
？因为小时不完整。时间从00:00到59:59。就我而言，我只有3分钟的时间，谢谢你的帮助。我使用的python 3.7不支持赋值表达式，目前无法切换到3.8。我还需要能够设置子时段。这不是不可能的，在未来我将增加30分钟。需要做哪些更改？@lovelace63我更新了帖子，删除了赋值表达式。如果您希望在将来添加其他时间间隔，那么您可以在第一个15分钟检查下将它们作为条件包含。如果我尝试在datetime（2021,4,11,15,3,0）和datetime（2021,4,11,18,3,0）之间进行切换，则应为15小时、16小时和17小时，你的情况不是这样的code@lovelace63这些日期时间与我的帖子中使用的日期时间相同（请参见
start
和
end
）。你能澄清一下吗？@lovelace63请看我最近的编辑。谢谢。我不知道。我不知道如何组合规则来获得我所需要的。请尝试我的更新功能。。如果在任何函数或某些函数上不需要开始和结束，则只需删除它们。。这只是一个例子。
2021-04-11 15:03:00
2021-04-11 15:04:00
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--------------------
2021-04-11 15:00:00
2021-04-11 16:00:00
2021-04-11 17:00:00
--------------------
2021-04-11 15:15:00
2021-04-11 15:30:00
2021-04-11 15:45:00
2021-04-11 16:00:00
2021-04-11 17:00:00
2021-04-11 18:00:00
2021-04-11 18:15:00
--------------------

    import dateutil.rrule as rrule
    from datetime import datetime, timedelta
    
    # function to round to nearest n time
    def round_nearest(date, **kwargs):
        secs = timedelta(**kwargs).total_seconds()
        return datetime.fromtimestamp(date.timestamp() + secs - date.timestamp() % secs)
    
    # function to return per OP's post
    def hours_aligned(start, end, inc = True):
        print("Minutes")
        if inc: yield start # remove if you don't require start
        rule = rrule.rrule(rrule.MINUTELY, dtstart=start)
        for x in rule.between(start, end, inc = False):
            yield x
        if inc: yield end # remove if you don't require end
    
        print("Hours")
        if inc: yield start # remove if you don't require start
        rule = rrule.rrule(rrule.HOURLY, dtstart=start)
        for x in rule.between(start, end, inc = False):
            yield x
        if inc: yield end # remove if you don't require end
    
        print("Quarter Hours")
        if inc: yield start # remove if you don't require start
        rule = rrule.rrule(rrule.MINUTELY, interval=15, dtstart=round_nearest(start, minutes=15))
        for x in rule.between(start, end, inc = False):
            yield x
        if inc: yield end # remove if you don't require end
    
    
    start = datetime(2021, 4, 11, 15, 3, 0)
    end = datetime(2021, 4, 11, 18, 3, 0)
    
    for x in hours_aligned(start, end, inc=True):
        print(x)

Minutes
2021-04-11 15:03:00
2021-04-11 15:04:00
2021-04-11 15:05:00
2021-04-11 15:06:00
2021-04-11 15:07:00
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2021-04-11 15:16:00
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Hours
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Quarter Hours
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