使用PrettyTable打印目录中Python文件的详细信息

使用PrettyTable打印目录中Python文件的详细信息,python,function,class,oop,prettytable,Python,Function,Class,Oop,Prettytable,我正在尝试编写一个FileAnalyzer类,该类将在目录中搜索Python文件,并以PrettyTable的形式提供每个Python文件的详细信息。我对每个Python文件中的类、函数、行和字符的数量感兴趣 学习OOP的诀窍…以下是我目前掌握的代码: class FileAnalyzer: def __init__(self, directory: str) -> None: """ The files_summary

我正在尝试编写一个FileAnalyzer类,该类将在目录中搜索Python文件,并以PrettyTable的形式提供每个Python文件的详细信息。我对每个Python文件中的类、函数、行和字符的数量感兴趣

学习OOP的诀窍…以下是我目前掌握的代码:

class FileAnalyzer:
    def __init__(self, directory: str) -> None:
        """
        The files_summary attribute stores the summarized data for each Python file in the specified directory.
        """
        self.directory: str = os.listdir(directory) #Directory to be scanned

        self.analyze_files()  # summarize the python files data

        self.files_summary: Dict[str, Dict[str, int]] = {
            dir: {
                'Number of Classes': cls,
                'Number of Functions': funccount,
                'Number of Lines of Code': codelines,
                'Number of Characters': characters
            }
        }

    def analyze_files(self) -> None:
        """
        This method scans a directory for python files. For every python file, it determines the number of classes,
        functions, lines of code, and characters. The count for each one is returned in a tuple.
        """
        for dir in self.directory:
            if dir.endswith('.py'):  # Check for python files
                with open(dir, "r") as pyfile:

                    cls = 0  # Initialize classes count
                    for line in pyfile:
                        if line.startswith('Class'):
                            cls += 1

                    funccount = 0  # Initialize function count
                    for line in pyfile:
                        if line.startswith('def'):
                            funccount += 1

                    #Get number of lines of code
                    i = -1 #Account for empty files
                    for i, line in enumerate(pyfile):
                        pass

                    codelines = i + 1

                    #Get number of characters
                    characters = 0
                    characters += sum(len(line) for line in pyfile)

        return [cls, funccount, codelines, characters]


    def pretty_print(self) -> None:
        """
        This method creates a table with the desired counts from the Python files using the PrettyTable module.
        """
        pt: PrettyTable = PrettyTable(field_names=['# of Classes', '# of Functions', '# Lines of Code (Excluding Comments)',
                                                   '# of characters in file (Including Comments)'])

        for cls, funccount, codelines, characters in self.files_summary():
            pt.add_row([cls, funccount, codelines, characters])

        print(pt)

FileAnalyzer('/path/to/directory/withpythonfiles')
当前获取的错误为
NameError:name“cls”在我尝试运行代码时未定义。在
\uuuu init\uuuu
中调用
self.analyze\u files()
不足以将返回的值传递到
\uuuuu init\uuu
?理想情况下,对于

def func1():
    pass

def func2():
    pass

class Foo:
    def __init__(self):
        pass

class Bar:
    def __init__(self):
        pass


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
PrettyTable会告诉我有2个类、4个函数、25行和270个字符。对于以下文件:

definitely not function

This is def not a function def 
PrettyTable会告诉我该文件有0个函数。我希望
self.analyze_files()
将摘要数据填充到
self.files_summary
中,而不将任何其他参数传递到
analyze_files()
。同样地,将数据从
文件\u summary
传递到
pretty\u print
,而不向
pretty\u print
传递单独的参数

编辑:

抑制错误,但

        for self.analyze_files()[0], self.analyze_files()[1], self.analyze_files()[2], self.analyze_files()[3] in self.files_summary():
            pt.add_row([self.analyze_files()[0], self.analyze_files()[1], self.analyze_files()[2], self.analyze_files()[3]])

        return pt

pretty\u print
中,当我调用FileAnalyzer时,它不起任何作用…

这个问题有点宽泛,所以很难提供一个简洁的答案。你在评论中说:

如果我在init中执行类似于
[cls,funccount,codelines,characters]=self.analyze_files()
的操作,似乎也无法正确引用返回的值

虽然在风格上有点奇怪,但实际上这是非常好的语法。如果您的
\uuuuu init\uuuu
方法如下所示,则它运行时不会出错:

    def __init__(self, directory: str) -> None:
        """
        The files_summary attribute stores the summarized data for each Python file in the specified directory.
        """
        self.directory: str = os.listdir(directory) #Directory to be scanned

        [cls, funccount, codelines, characters] = self.analyze_files()

        self.files_summary: Dict[str, Dict[str, int]] = {
            dir: {
                'Number of Classes': cls,
                'Number of Functions': funccount,
                'Number of Lines of Code': codelines,
                'Number of Characters': characters
            }
        }
然而,还有一些问题。首先,在上面的方法中,您使用的是变量名
dir
,但是范围中没有这样的变量。不幸的是,
dir
也是Python内置函数的名称。如果在这段代码之后插入一个
断点()
,并打印
self.files\u summary
的值,您将看到它的外观如下:

{<built-in function dir>: {'Number of Classes': 0, 'Number of Functions': 0, 'Number of Lines of Code': 0, 'Number of Characters': 0}}
for cls, funccount, codelines, characters in self.files_summary():
import os
import re

from prettytable import PrettyTable

re_class = re.compile(r'class')
re_def = re.compile(r'\s*def')


class FileAnalyzer:
    def __init__(self, path: str) -> None:
        self.path = path
        self.analyze_files()

    def analyze_files(self) -> None:
        self.files = []

        for entry in os.listdir(self.path):
            if not entry.endswith('.py'):
                continue

            with open(entry, "r") as pyfile:

                cls = 0
                funccount = 0
                codelines = 0
                characters = 0

                for line in pyfile:
                    codelines += 1
                    characters += len(line)

                    if re_class.match(line):
                        cls += 1
                    elif re_def.match(line):
                        funccount += 1

            self.files.append((entry, cls, funccount, codelines, characters))

    def pretty_print(self) -> None:
        pt: PrettyTable = PrettyTable(
            field_names=['Filename',
                         '# of Classes', '# of Functions',
                         '# Lines of Code (Excluding Comments)',
                         '# of characters in file (Including Comments)'])

        for path, cls, funccount, codelines, characters in self.files:
            pt.add_row([path, cls, funccount, codelines, characters])

        print(pt)


x = FileAnalyzer('.')
x.pretty_print()
但是
self.files\u summary
不是函数,不能调用。它是一个字典,这也意味着在像这样的
for
循环中使用它是没有意义的。由于您在
\uuuu init\uuuu
中设置它的方式,它只会有一个键

如果我是你的话,我会把这个程序分解成几个部分,在把它们联系在一起之前,先让每个部分都正常工作。充分利用交互式Python提示符和调试器;使用代码中的
breakpoint()
语句在使用变量之前调查变量的内容


如果我要重写您的代码,我可能会这样做:

{<built-in function dir>: {'Number of Classes': 0, 'Number of Functions': 0, 'Number of Lines of Code': 0, 'Number of Characters': 0}}
for cls, funccount, codelines, characters in self.files_summary():
import os
import re

from prettytable import PrettyTable

re_class = re.compile(r'class')
re_def = re.compile(r'\s*def')


class FileAnalyzer:
    def __init__(self, path: str) -> None:
        self.path = path
        self.analyze_files()

    def analyze_files(self) -> None:
        self.files = []

        for entry in os.listdir(self.path):
            if not entry.endswith('.py'):
                continue

            with open(entry, "r") as pyfile:

                cls = 0
                funccount = 0
                codelines = 0
                characters = 0

                for line in pyfile:
                    codelines += 1
                    characters += len(line)

                    if re_class.match(line):
                        cls += 1
                    elif re_def.match(line):
                        funccount += 1

            self.files.append((entry, cls, funccount, codelines, characters))

    def pretty_print(self) -> None:
        pt: PrettyTable = PrettyTable(
            field_names=['Filename',
                         '# of Classes', '# of Functions',
                         '# Lines of Code (Excluding Comments)',
                         '# of characters in file (Including Comments)'])

        for path, cls, funccount, codelines, characters in self.files:
            pt.add_row([path, cls, funccount, codelines, characters])

        print(pt)


x = FileAnalyzer('.')
x.pretty_print()
请注意,我已经在
analyze_files
函数中删除了
for
循环的多元组
;没有理由对每个文件进行多次迭代。这将建立一个名为
files
的实例变量,它是一个结果列表。
pretty\u print
方法只是在这个列表上迭代

如果我在Python scratch目录中运行上述代码,我会得到:

+--------------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
|         Filename         | # of Classes | # of Functions | # Lines of Code (Excluding Comments) | # of characters in file (Including Comments) |
+--------------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
|       yamltest.py        |      0       |       0        |                  30                  |                     605                      |
|       analyzer.py        |      1       |       3        |                  53                  |                     1467                     |
|         quake.py         |      0       |       0        |                  37                  |                     1035                     |
| test_compute_examples.py |      1       |       1        |                  10                  |                     264                      |
|   compute_examples.py    |      1       |       1        |                  4                   |                      82                      |
+--------------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+

您正在
\uuu init\uuu
函数中设置
'Number of class':cls,
,但该函数中未定义名为
cls
的变量。在同一块中提到的其他变量也会出现同样的错误。@larsks是的,所以我想我的问题是,我是否可以引用我在
analyze\u files
中已经定义的
cls
,而不需要在
analyze\u files
中附加参数。如果我在
\uuu init\uuuu
中执行类似于
[cls,funcount,codelines,characters]=self.analyze\u files()
的操作,似乎也没有正确引用返回的值…
dir
的意思是引用目录中感兴趣的任何特定文件(在本例中是Python文件)。现在,我已将其更改为self.direct目录中的
直接,但当然
直接:{
中的
\uuuu init\uuuu
现在返回
名称错误:名称“direct”未定义
对,这与我们在注释中讨论的问题相同:该方法中没有定义名为
direct
的变量。在使用变量之前必须定义它们。其思想是创建每个文件信息的实例并存储它们它在
self.files\u summary
的字典中。如果我不能像函数一样调用它,那么在
pretty\u print
中检索字典中的值的最佳方法是什么?我对答案做了一些更新,可能会有所帮助。