Python 从xml到封面需求列表

我想从一个xml文件中创建一个列表，以了解我在d天和s班需要多少员工

为此，这里有一个xml示例：

<CoverRequirements>
    <DayOfWeekCover>
      <Day>Monday</Day>
      <Cover>
        <Shift>E</Shift>
        <Preferred>2</Preferred>
      </Cover>
      <Cover>
        <Shift>L</Shift>
        <Preferred>2</Preferred>
      </Cover>
      <Cover>
        <Shift>N</Shift>
        <Preferred>1</Preferred>
      </Cover>
    </DayOfWeekCover>
    <DayOfWeekCover>
      <Day>Tuesday</Day>
      <Cover>
        <Shift>E</Shift>
        <Preferred>2</Preferred>
      </Cover>

现在，我如何添加它们来创建一个列表以获得格式，这样当我请求星期一班次E时，我可以得到值2，如：

• 周一班次E:2
• 周一班次L:1
• 周二筛选E:2
• [……]

谢谢大家!

您可以使用

.iter（）

遍历树，并使用状态机之类的东西将数据收集到dict中。这假设节点顺序始终是Day/Shift/Preferred，而不是Day/Preferred/Shift

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from pprint import pprint

xml = ET.XML(
    """
<CoverRequirements>
  <DayOfWeekCover>
    <Day>Monday</Day>
    <Cover>
      <Shift>E</Shift>
      <Preferred>2</Preferred>
    </Cover>
    <Cover>
      <Shift>L</Shift>
      <Preferred>2</Preferred>
    </Cover>
    <Cover>
      <Shift>N</Shift>
      <Preferred>1</Preferred>
    </Cover>
  </DayOfWeekCover>
  <DayOfWeekCover>
    <Day>Tuesday</Day>
    <Cover>
      <Shift>E</Shift>
      <Preferred>2</Preferred>
    </Cover>
  </DayOfWeekCover>
</CoverRequirements>
"""
)

current_day = None
current_shift = None
preferences = {}

for el in xml.iter():
    if el.tag == "Day":
        current_day = el.text
        current_shift = None
    elif el.tag == "Shift":
        current_shift = el.text
    elif el.tag == "Preferred":
        preferences[(current_day, current_shift)] = el.text
        current_shift = None

pprint(preferences)

然后，您可以像查询任何其他dict一样查询dict

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from pprint import pprint

xml = ET.XML(
    """
<CoverRequirements>
  <DayOfWeekCover>
    <Day>Monday</Day>
    <Cover>
      <Shift>E</Shift>
      <Preferred>2</Preferred>
    </Cover>
    <Cover>
      <Shift>L</Shift>
      <Preferred>2</Preferred>
    </Cover>
    <Cover>
      <Shift>N</Shift>
      <Preferred>1</Preferred>
    </Cover>
  </DayOfWeekCover>
  <DayOfWeekCover>
    <Day>Tuesday</Day>
    <Cover>
      <Shift>E</Shift>
      <Preferred>2</Preferred>
    </Cover>
  </DayOfWeekCover>
</CoverRequirements>
"""
)

current_day = None
current_shift = None
preferences = {}

for el in xml.iter():
    if el.tag == "Day":
        current_day = el.text
        current_shift = None
    elif el.tag == "Shift":
        current_shift = el.text
    elif el.tag == "Preferred":
        preferences[(current_day, current_shift)] = el.text
        current_shift = None

pprint(preferences)

{('Monday', 'E'): '2',
 ('Monday', 'L'): '2',
 ('Monday', 'N'): '1',
 ('Tuesday', 'E'): '2'}