在Python中查找包含其他列表子字符串的列表元素

在我的代码中，我有两个不同长度的列表，我称之为“main”和“secondary”。我需要使用secondary中的元素来选择main中的元素。然而，次要元素只包含主元素中字符串的子集。代码：

main = ["pinecone", "treeleaf", "dishwasher"]
secondary = ["pine", "washer", "unrelated", "flowerbed"]

通常次要的比主要的长很多（我在解决方案涉及性能损失的情况下提到这一点）。 如何以最有效的方式（和Pythonic的方式）在“主”和“次”的基础上选择元素？如果它是一个函数，我希望

>>> selected_items = select_items(main, secondary)
>>> print selected_items
["pinecone", "dishwasher"]

谢谢

天真的方法：

def select_items(strings, substrs):
    return [m for m in strings if any(s in m for s in substrs)]

In [2]: main = ["pinecone", "treeleaf", "dishwasher"]

In [3]: secondary = ["pine", "washer", "unrelated", "flowerbed"]

In [4]: [x for x in main if any(x in y or y in x for y in secondary)]
Out[4]: [u'pinecone', u'dishwasher']

---

当主列表和次列表相同时，类似的方法也适用：

In [2]: main = ["pinecone", "treeleaf", "dishwasher"] + ["pine", "washer", "unrelated", "flowerbed"]

In [4]: [x for x in main for y in main if y in x and x != y]
Out[4]: ['pinecone', 'dishwasher']

注意，您可以获得部分匹配的字符串（或者两者都可以！）：

In [5]: [y for x in main for y in main if y in x and x != y]
Out[5]: ['pine', 'washer']

In [6]: [(y,x) for x in main for y in main if y in x and x != y]
Out[6]: [('pine', 'pinecone'), ('washer', 'dishwasher')]