Python：处理字符串时出现问题

我有一个字符串，如下所示：

names = "name:fred, name:wilma, name:barney, name2:gauss, name2:riemann"

假设字符串名称具有name和name2属性

如何编写一个函数is_name_attribute来检查值是否为name属性？也就是说，is_name_属性'fred'应该返回True，而is_name_属性'gauss'应该返回False

另外，如何创建仅包含名称属性的逗号分隔字符串，即

"fred, wilma, barney" 

大概是这样的：

>>> names = "name:fred, name:wilma, name:barney, name2:gauss, name2:riemann"
>>> pairs = [x.split(':') for x in names.split(", ")]
>>> attrs = [x[1] for x in pairs if x[0]=='name']
>>> attrs 
['fred', 'wilma', 'barney']
>>> def is_name_attribute(x):
...     return x in attrs
...
>>> is_name_attribute('fred')
True
>>> is_name_attribute('gauss')
False

大概是这样的：

>>> names = "name:fred, name:wilma, name:barney, name2:gauss, name2:riemann"
>>> pairs = [x.split(':') for x in names.split(", ")]
>>> attrs = [x[1] for x in pairs if x[0]=='name']
>>> attrs 
['fred', 'wilma', 'barney']
>>> def is_name_attribute(x):
...     return x in attrs
...
>>> is_name_attribute('fred')
True
>>> is_name_attribute('gauss')
False

---

我认为以字符串形式编写这些内容不是最好的解决方案，但是：

import re

names = "name:fred, name:wilma, name:barney, name2:gauss, name2:riemann"

def is_name_attribute(names, name):
    list = names.split()
    compiler = re.compile('^name:(.*)$')
    for line in list:
        line = line.replace(',','')
        match = compiler.match(line)
        if match:
            if name == match.group(1):
                return True
    return False

def commaseperated(names):
    list = names.split()
    compiler = re.compile('^name:(.*)$')
    commasep = ""
    for line in list:
        line = line.replace(',','')
        match = compiler.match(line)
        if match:
            commasep += match.group(1) + ', '
    return commasep[:-2]

print is_name_attribute(names, 'fred')
print is_name_attribute(names, 'gauss')
print commaseperated(names)

---

我认为以字符串形式编写这些内容不是最好的解决方案，但是：

import re

names = "name:fred, name:wilma, name:barney, name2:gauss, name2:riemann"

def is_name_attribute(names, name):
    list = names.split()
    compiler = re.compile('^name:(.*)$')
    for line in list:
        line = line.replace(',','')
        match = compiler.match(line)
        if match:
            if name == match.group(1):
                return True
    return False

def commaseperated(names):
    list = names.split()
    compiler = re.compile('^name:(.*)$')
    commasep = ""
    for line in list:
        line = line.replace(',','')
        match = compiler.match(line)
        if match:
            commasep += match.group(1) + ', '
    return commasep[:-2]

print is_name_attribute(names, 'fred')
print is_name_attribute(names, 'gauss')
print commaseperated(names)

---

从答案中可以看出，还有其他方法可以做到这一点，但也许是时候学习一些Python列表魔法了

>>> names = "name:fred, name:wilma, name:barney, name2:gauss, name2:riemann"
>>> names_list = [pair.split(':') for pair in names.split(', ')]
>>> names_list
[['name', 'fred'], ['name', 'wilma'], ['name', 'barney'], ['name2', 'gauss'], ['name2', 'riemann']]

从这里开始，这只是一个检查的例子。如果您正在查找某个名称：

for pair in names_list:
    if pair[0] == 'name' and pair[1] == 'fred':
        return true
return false

并加入名称版本：

>>> new_name_list = ','.join([pair[1] for pair in names_list if pair[0] == 'name'])
>>> new_name_list
'fred,wilma,barney'

---

从答案中可以看出，还有其他方法可以做到这一点，但也许是时候学习一些Python列表魔法了

>>> names = "name:fred, name:wilma, name:barney, name2:gauss, name2:riemann"
>>> names_list = [pair.split(':') for pair in names.split(', ')]
>>> names_list
[['name', 'fred'], ['name', 'wilma'], ['name', 'barney'], ['name2', 'gauss'], ['name2', 'riemann']]

从这里开始，这只是一个检查的例子。如果您正在查找某个名称：

for pair in names_list:
    if pair[0] == 'name' and pair[1] == 'fred':
        return true
return false

并加入名称版本：

>>> new_name_list = ','.join([pair[1] for pair in names_list if pair[0] == 'name'])
>>> new_name_list
'fred,wilma,barney'

---

简单regexp匹配：

>>> names = re.compile ('name:([^,]+)', 'g')
>>> names2 = re.compile ('name2:([^,]+)', 'g')
>>> str = "name:fred, name:wilma, name:barney, name2:gauss, name2:riemann"
>>> 'fred' in names.findall(str)
True
>>> names.findall(str)
['fred', 'wilma', 'barney']

---

简单regexp匹配：

>>> names = re.compile ('name:([^,]+)', 'g')
>>> names2 = re.compile ('name2:([^,]+)', 'g')
>>> str = "name:fred, name:wilma, name:barney, name2:gauss, name2:riemann"
>>> 'fred' in names.findall(str)
True
>>> names.findall(str)
['fred', 'wilma', 'barney']

---

在你的例子中，你的意思是“名字”和“属性”是“高斯”吗？@Constantin:好主意；我已经更新了。你的意思是你的例子中的“名字”属性是“高斯”吗？@Constantin:好主意；我已经更新了。