Python3请求错误
我正在学习Python速成课程第二版。本文中有一些访问API的代码。我的代码是从文本中复制的,如下所示:Python3请求错误,python,api,python-requests,hacker-news,Python,Api,Python Requests,Hacker News,我正在学习Python速成课程第二版。本文中有一些访问API的代码。我的代码是从文本中复制的,如下所示: import requests import json from operator import itemgetter #Fetch top stories and store in variable r url = 'https://hacker-news.firebaseio.com/v0/topstories.json' r = requests.get(url) print(f"
import requests
import json
from operator import itemgetter
#Fetch top stories and store in variable r
url = 'https://hacker-news.firebaseio.com/v0/topstories.json'
r = requests.get(url)
print(f"Status code: {r.status_code}")
# #Explore data structure
# response_dict = r.json()
# readable_file = 'hn_readable.json'
# with open(readable_file, 'w') as f:
# json.dump(response_dict, f, indent=4)
submission_ids = r.json()
submission_dicts = []
for submission_id in submission_ids[:30]:
#Make API call for each article
url = f"https://hacker-news.firebasio.com/v0/item/{submission_id}.json"
r = requests.get(url)
print(f"id: {submission_id}\tstatus code: {r.status_code}")
response_dict = r.json()
#Store dictionary of each article
submission_dict = {
'title': response_dict['title'],
'score': response_dict['score'],
'comments': response_dict['descendants'],
'link': response_dict['url'],
}
submission_dicts.append(submission_dict)
#Sort article by score
submission_dicts = sorted(submission_dicts, key=itemgetter('score'), reverse = True)
#Display information about each article, ranked by score
for submission_dict in submission_dicts:
print(f"Article title: {submission_dict['title']}")
print(f"Article link: {submission_dict['url']}")
print(f"Score: {submission_dict['score']}")
但是,现在返回以下错误消息:
Status code: 200
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 677, in urlopen
chunked=chunked,
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 381, in _make_request
self._validate_conn(conn)
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 976, in _validate_conn
conn.connect()
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 370, in connect
ssl_context=context,
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py", line 377, in ssl_wrap_socket
return context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
File "C:\Users\snack\Python\lib\ssl.py", line 423, in wrap_socket
session=session
File "C:\Users\snack\Python\lib\ssl.py", line 870, in _create
self.do_handshake()
File "C:\Users\snack\Python\lib\ssl.py", line 1139, in do_handshake
self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLCertVerificationError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:1076)
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 449, in send
timeout=timeout
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 725, in urlopen
method, url, error=e, _pool=self, _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2]
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\urllib3\util\retry.py", line 439, in increment
raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='hacker-news.firebasio.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /v0/item/23273247.json (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:1076)')))
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\snack\Python\proj_2\hn_submissions.py", line 24, in <module>
r = requests.get(url)
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 76, in get
return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 61, in request
return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 530, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 643, in send
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python37\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 514, in send
raise SSLError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='hacker-news.firebasio.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /v0/item/23273247.json (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: certificate has expired (_ssl.c:1076)')))
[Finished in 3.6s]
状态代码:200
回溯(最近一次呼叫最后一次):
文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\urlib3\connectionpool.py”,第677行,在urlopen中
分块的,
文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py”,第381行,在请求中
自我验证连接(连接)
文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py”,第976行,位于\u validate\u conn
连接
文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\urlib3\connection.py”,第370行,在connect中
ssl_context=context,
文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\urlib3\util\ssl\uuu.py”,第377行,在ssl\u wrap\u套接字中
返回context.wrap\u套接字(sock,server\u hostname=server\u hostname)
文件“C:\Users\snack\Python\lib\ssl.py”,第423行,在wrap\u套接字中
会话=会话
文件“C:\Users\snack\Python\lib\ssl.py”,第870行,在创建
self.do_握手
文件“C:\Users\snack\Python\lib\ssl.py”,第1139行,在do_握手中
赛尔夫:握手
ssl.SSLCertVerificationError:[ssl:证书\u验证\u失败]证书验证失败:证书已过期(\u ssl.c:1076)
在处理上述异常期间,发生了另一个异常:
回溯(最近一次呼叫最后一次):
文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\requests\adapters.py”,第449行,在send中
超时=超时
文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\urlib3\connectionpool.py”,第725行,在urlopen中
方法,url,error=e,_pool=self,_stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2]
文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\urlib3\util\retry.py”,第439行,增量
引发MaxRetryError(_池、url、错误或响应错误(原因))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError:HTTPSConnectionPool(host='hacker-news.firebasio.com',port=443):url:/v0/item/23273247.json超过了最大重试次数(由SSLError引起(SSLCertVerificationError(1,[SSL:CERTIFICATE\u-VERIFY\u-FAILED]CERTIFICATE-VERIFY:CERTIFICATE已过期(\u SSL.c:1076)))
在处理上述异常期间,发生了另一个异常:
回溯(最近一次呼叫最后一次):
文件“C:\Users\snack\Python\proj_2\hn_submissions.py”,第24行,在
r=请求。获取(url)
get中第76行的文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\requests\api.py”
返回请求('get',url,params=params,**kwargs)
请求中第61行的文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\requests\api.py”
return session.request(method=method,url=url,**kwargs)
请求中第530行的文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\requests\sessions.py”
resp=自我发送(准备,**发送)
文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\requests\sessions.py”,第643行,在send中
r=适配器.send(请求,**kwargs)
文件“C:\Users\snack\AppData\Roaming\Python37\site packages\requests\adapters.py”,第514行,在send中
raise SSLError(e,请求=请求)
requests.exceptions.SSLError:HTTPSConnectionPool(host='hacker-news.firebasio.com',port=443):url:/v0/item/23273247.json超过了最大重试次数(由SSLError引起(SSLCertVerificationError(1),[SSL:CERTIFICATE\u VERIFY\u FAILED]CERTIFICATE VERIFY:CERTIFICATE已过期(\u SSL.c:1076)))
[以3.6秒完成]
我几乎没有这方面的经验,但据我所知,有些身份验证失败了,不允许我的程序访问API,但我不知道为什么。我曾尝试通过删除循环来限制API调用的数量,但似乎没有帮助。我还尝试将“verify=False”参数添加到requests.get行中,但这只会引发不同的错误
任何建议都将不胜感激。API调用本身没有问题 访问站点时,您可以在浏览器中看到预期列表。(您的第一个和工作api调用)
由于此列表中的第一个数字是23277594,因此脚本以此请求开头,但通过浏览器访问此url也会导致警告。(您的第二次api调用失败)好吧,这是打字错误(当然)。我代码中的url是https…firebasio…json,而不是https…firebaseio…json。其中一个结果仍然不起作用,但我假设这是由于文章没有注释(即后代),因此一些尝试/例外应该可以解决这个问题。这是否回答了您的问题?不管怎样,当你忽略SSL错误时,这个URL会导致404错误,因此它可能只是一个自创建教程以来就已经死亡的站点。根据我在代码中输入的地址应该是正确的。那么这是否意味着这是他们的问题呢?