Python 构建多个框架的容器方法不起作用
我正在尝试使用tkinter制作一个GUI,它允许添加、删除和更新数据库。我想用它来创建框架。不过,我添加了自己的界面,包括按钮、标签等。我没有得到我想要的GUI,而是得到了一个空白的tkinter窗口。(有些评论只是我的笔记)非常感谢您的帮助。非常感谢。 代码如下:Python 构建多个框架的容器方法不起作用,python,oop,tkinter,Python,Oop,Tkinter,我正在尝试使用tkinter制作一个GUI,它允许添加、删除和更新数据库。我想用它来创建框架。不过,我添加了自己的界面,包括按钮、标签等。我没有得到我想要的GUI,而是得到了一个空白的tkinter窗口。(有些评论只是我的笔记)非常感谢您的帮助。非常感谢。 代码如下: import sqlite3 class mainclass(tk.Tk): def __init__(self, *args,**kwargs): tk.Tk.__init__(self,*args,
import sqlite3
class mainclass(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args,**kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self,*args,**kwargs)
container = tk.Frame(self)
self.frames = {}
#pack the dictionary of frames into the container
#for F in (maindatabasegui):
frame = maindatabasegui(container, self)
self.frames[maindatabasegui] = frame
frame.grid(row = 0,column = 1,sticky = 'nsew')
#calling upon another class
self.show_frame(maindatabasegui)
def show_frame(self,cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
class maindatabasegui(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent,controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
#self.geometry("500x500")
#list of labels to be made
self.labels = [('fnamelabel',2,'First Name'),('lnamelabel',4,'Last Name'), \
('addresslabel',6,'Address'),('citylabel',8,'City'),\
('joblabel',10,'Occupation')]
#list of entry to be made
self.entrys = [('fnamelabel',2),('lnamelabel',4), \
('addresslabel',6),('citylabel',8),\
('joblabel',10)]
for group in self.labels:
self.labelmaker(group[0],group[2],group[1])
for group in self.entrys:
self.entrymaker(group[0],group[1])
#variable for dropdown menu
self.selectedrecord = tk.StringVar()
self.addbutton = tk.Button(self, padx = 10, pady = 10, width = 30, relief = 'raised', command = lambda: self.addrecord())
self.addbutton.config(text = 'Add Record')
self.addbutton.grid(row = 12, column = 1, columnspan = 2)
self.viewbutton = tk.Button(self, padx = 10, pady = 10, width = 30, relief = 'raised',command = lambda:self.viewrecord())
self.viewbutton.config(text = 'View Record')
self.viewbutton.grid(row = 14, column = 1, columnspan = 2)
self.deletebutton = tk.Button(self,padx = 10, pady = 10, width = 30, relief = 'raised', command = lambda: self.deleterecord())
self.deletebutton.config(text = 'Delete Record')
self.deletebutton.grid(row = 16, column = 1, columnspan = 2)
#self.editbutton = tk.Button(self,padx = 10, pady = 10, width = 30, relief = 'raised', command = lambda)
self.statuslabel = tk.Label(self, padx = 10, pady = 10, width = 30, relief = 'raised')
self.statuslabel.grid(row = 18, column = 1, columnspan = 2)
#list is not specified initially(notice that you can just mention the variable, without the default and list of options)
self.addedrecords = tk.OptionMenu(self, self.selectedrecord,self.selectedrecord.set('Select Record'),())
self.addedrecords.grid(row = 2, column = 3, padx = 10)
#message widget
self.viewspace = tk.Message(self,text = 'Record Details',relief = 'sunken')
self.viewspace.grid(row = 4, column = 3, padx = 10)
#SQL Section
self.conn = sqlite3.connect('addressbookdb.sqlite')
self.curs = self.conn.cursor()
self.curs.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Addresses (
id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT UNIQUE,
first_name TEXT,
last_name TEXT,
address TEXT,
city TEXT,
job TEXT)''')
rows = self.curs.execute('''SELECT first_name, last_name FROM Addresses''')
if rows is not None:
menu = self.addedrecords['menu']
menu.delete(0,'end')
for row in rows:
#row is a tuple
name = row[0] + ' ' + row[1]
menu.add_command(label = name , command = lambda value = name: self.selectedrecord.set(value))
self.conn.commit()
self.conn.close()
#instead of repeating the code, create a list with tuples
#and assigned the string attribute name with the object
#these attributes still belong to the self object
def labelmaker(self,labelname,textval, rowpos):
setattr(self,labelname,tk.Label(self, text = textval,anchor = 'w',width = 10))
getattr(self,labelname).grid(row = rowpos, column = 1, pady = 10, padx = 10)
def entrymaker(self,entryname,rowpos):
setattr(self, entryname,tk.Entry(self,width = 20, borderwidth = 5))
getattr(self,entryname).grid(row = rowpos, column = 2, pady = 10, padx = 10)
def addrecord(self):
#gets all the fields from the entry boxes
firstname = self.fnamelabel.get()
lastname = self.lnamelabel.get()
address = self.addresslabel.get()
city = self.citylabel.get()
job = self.joblabel.get()
#creates a list of all the entries and checks if any are empty
comparelist = [firstname, lastname, address, city, job]
pos = [i for i, f in enumerate(comparelist) if len(f) < 1]
#adds data if all fields are not empty
#else tells user
if len(pos) > 0 :
self.statuslabel.grid_forget()
self.statuslabel.config(text = 'Please fill in all the required fields')
self.statuslabel.grid(row = 18, column = 1, columnspan = 2)
else:
#this is only used to collect the names to be added
name = str(firstname) + ' ' + str(lastname)
#dynamically adding the records into the dropdown menu
menu = self.addedrecords['menu']
menu.add_command(label = name, command = lambda value = name: self.selectedrecord.set(value))
#SQL section
self.conn = sqlite3.connect('addressbookdb.sqlite')
self.curs = self.conn.cursor()
self.curs.execute('''INSERT INTO Addresses
(first_name, last_name, address,city,job)
VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)''',(firstname,lastname,address,city,job))
self.statuslabel.grid_forget()
self.statuslabel.config(text = 'Record Loaded')
self.statuslabel.grid(row = 18, column = 1, columnspan = 2)
self.conn.commit()
self.conn.close()
def deleterecord(self):
self.conn = sqlite3.connect('addressbookdb.sqlite')
self.curs = self.conn.cursor()
self.curs.execute('''DELETE FROM Addresses WHERE
first_name = ? AND last_name = ?''',(self.selectedrecord.get().split()[0],self.selectedrecord.get().split()[1]))
menu = self.addedrecords['menu']
menu.delete(self.selectedrecord.get())
self.selectedrecord.set('Select Record')
self.statuslabel.grid_forget()
self.statuslabel.config(text = 'Record Deleted')
self.statuslabel.grid(row = 18, column = 1, columnspan = 2)
self.conn.commit()
self.conn.close()
self.viewspace.config(text = 'Record Details')
#clearing the view space after deleting
def viewrecord(self):
self.conn = sqlite3.connect('addressbookdb.sqlite')
self.curs = self.conn.cursor()
row = self.curs.execute('''SELECT * FROM Addresses WHERE first_name = ? AND last_name = ?''',(self.selectedrecord.get().split()[0],self.selectedrecord.get().split()[1]))
element = row.fetchone()
self.viewspace.config(text = 'Record Details: \n ID = {} \n First Name = {} \n Last Name = {} \n Address = {} \n City = {} \n Occupation = {}'.format(\
element[0],element[1],element[2],element[3],element[4],element[5]))
self.conn.commit()
self.conn.close()
#class EditPage()
root = mainclass()
root.mainloop()
导入sqlite3
类main类(tk.tk):
定义初始化(self,*args,**kwargs):
tk.tk.\uuuuu初始化(self,*args,**kwargs)
容器=tk.框架(自身)
self.frames={}
#将框架字典打包到容器中
#对于F in(主数据库GUI):
frame=maindatabasegui(容器,自身)
self.frames[maindatabasegui]=帧
frame.grid(行=0,列=1,粘性='nsew')
#召唤另一个班级
self.show_框架(maindatabasegui)
def显示画面(自身,续):
帧=自身帧[续]
frame.tkraise()
类maindatabasegui(tk.Frame):
定义初始化(自、父、控制器):
tk.Frame.\uuuu init\uuuuu(自,父)
#自几何(“500x500”)
#拟制作的标签清单
self.labels=[('fnamelab',2,'First Name'),('lnamelab',4,'Last Name')\
('addresslabel',6,'Address'),('citylabel',8,'City')\
(“工作标签”,10,“职业”)]
#拟登记的项目清单
self.entrys=[('fnamelabel',2),('lnamelabel',4)\
('addresslabel',6),('citylabel',8)\
(“工作标签”,10)]
对于self.labels中的组:
self.labelmaker(组[0],组[2],组[1])
对于self.entrys中的组:
self.entrymaker(组[0],组[1])
#下拉菜单变量
self.selectedrecord=tk.StringVar()
self.addbutton=tk.Button(self,padx=10,pady=10,width=30,relief='raised',command=lambda:self.addrecord())
self.addbutton.config(文本='addrecord')
self.addbutton.grid(行=12,列=1,列span=2)
self.viewbutton=tk.Button(self,padx=10,pady=10,width=30,relief='raised',command=lambda:self.viewrecord())
self.viewbutton.config(文本=‘查看记录’)
self.viewbutton.grid(行=14,列=1,列span=2)
self.deletebutton=tk.Button(self,padx=10,pady=10,width=30,relief='raised',command=lambda:self.deleterecord())
self.deletebutton.config(文本='Delete Record')
self.deletebutton.grid(行=16,列=1,列span=2)
#self.editbutton=tk.Button(self,padx=10,pady=10,width=30,relief='raised',command=lambda)
self.statuslabel=tk.Label(self,padx=10,pady=10,width=30,浮雕=‘凸起’)
self.statuslabel.grid(行=18,列=1,列span=2)
#列表最初没有指定(请注意,您可以只提及变量,而不使用默认值和选项列表)
self.addedrecords=tk.OptionMenu(self,self.selectedrecord,self.selectedrecord.set('Select Record'),())
self.addedrecords.grid(行=2,列=3,padx=10)
#消息小部件
self.viewspace=tk.Message(self,text='Record Details',relief='sunken')
self.viewspace.grid(行=4,列=3,padx=10)
#SQL部分
self.conn=sqlite3.connect('addressbookdb.sqlite')
self.curs=self.conn.cursor()
self.curs.execute(“”)如果不存在,则创建表(
id整数非空主键自动递增唯一,
名字文本,
姓氏文本,
地址文本,
城市文本,
作业文本“”)
rows=self.curs.execute(“”“从地址“”中选择名字和姓氏”)
如果行不是无:
menu=self.addedrecords['menu']
菜单。删除(0,'end')
对于行中的行:
#行是一个元组
名称=行[0]+“”+行[1]
menu.add_命令(label=name,command=lambda value=name:self.selectedrecord.set(value))
self.conn.commit()
self.conn.close()
#不要重复代码,而是创建一个包含元组的列表
#并为对象指定字符串属性名称
#这些属性仍然属于self对象
def labelmaker(self、labelname、textval、rowpos):
setattr(self,labelname,tk.Label(self,text=textval,anchor='w',width=10))
getattr(self,labelname).grid(行=rowpos,列=1,pady=10,padx=10)
def entrymaker(自身、entryname、rowpos):
setattr(self,entryname,tk.Entry(self,width=20,borderwidth=5))
getattr(self,entryname).grid(行=rowpos,列=2,pady=10,padx=10)
def添加记录(自我):
#从输入框中获取所有字段
firstname=self.fnamelab.get()
lastname=self.lnamelab.get()
address=self.addresslabel.get()
city=self.citylabel.get()
job=self.joblabel.get()
#创建所有条目的列表,并检查是否有空条目
comparelist=[firstname,lastname,address,city,job]
pos=[i表示枚举(比较列表)中的i,f,如果len(f)<1]
#如果所有字段都不是空的,则添加数据
#else告诉用户
如果长度(位置)>0:
self.statuslabel.grid_-forget()
self.statuslabel.config(文本='请填写所有必填字段')
self.statuslabel.grid(行=18,列=1,列span=2)
其他:
#这仅用于收集要添加的名称
name=str(firstname)+''+str(lastname)
#将记录动态添加到下拉菜单中
menu=self.addedrecords['menu']
menu.add_命令(label=name,command=lambda value=name:self.selectedrecord.set(value))
#SQL扇区
class mainclass(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack()
...