Python scrapy爬行蜘蛛不跟随带有限制路径的链接
我正在尝试使用Scrapy的爬行蜘蛛从电子商务网站上爬行产品: 蜘蛛必须通过以下两种方式之一浏览网站:Python scrapy爬行蜘蛛不跟随带有限制路径的链接,python,xpath,scrapy,web-crawler,e-commerce,Python,Xpath,Scrapy,Web Crawler,E Commerce,我正在尝试使用Scrapy的爬行蜘蛛从电子商务网站上爬行产品: 蜘蛛必须通过以下两种方式之一浏览网站: 如果链接是类别、子类别或下一页:爬行器必须只跟随链接 如果链接是产品页面:爬行器必须调用特殊的解析方法来提取产品数据 这是我的蜘蛛代码: from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule from ecommerce.items import EcommerceItem from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtr
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from ecommerce.items import EcommerceItem
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
class ecommerce(CrawlSpider):
name = "ecommerce"
allowed_domains = ['HarveyNorman.com.au']
start_urls = ['https://www.HarveyNorman.com.au/']
rules = (
Rule(
LinkExtractor(restrict_xpaths=[
"//*[@id='wrapper']/div[2]/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/ul/li/ul/li/ul/li/a",
"//*[@id='content']/div[2]/div[1]/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/a",
"//*[@id='toolbar-btm']/div/div[4]/div/ol/li[7]/a",
"//*[@id='toolbar-btm']/div/div[4]/div/ol/li[6]/a"]),
follow=True
),
Rule(
LinkExtractor(restrict_xpaths="//*[@id='category-grid']/div/div/div[3]/a"),
callback='parse_main_item'
),
)
def parse_main_item(self, response):
#I put anything here for the moment.
item = EcommerceItem()
return item
要运行spider并将结果保存在csv文件中,我执行以下命令:
scrapy crawl ecommerce -t csv -o ec.csv
我的爬行器停止在起始url上,不跟随任何链接,这是它的输出:
ScrapyDeprecationWarning: ('The -t command line option is deprecated in favor of specifying the output format within the output URI. See the documentation of the -o and -O options for more information.',)
feeds = feed_process_params_from_cli(
2021-02-26 21:55:53 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 2.4.1 started (bot: ecommerce)
2021-02-26 21:55:53 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.6.2.0, libxml2 2.9.10, cssselect 1.1.0, parsel 1.6.0, w3lib 1.22.0, Twisted 20.3.0, Python 3.8.5 (default, Jan 27 2021, 15:41:15) - [GCC 9.3.0], pyOpenSSL 20.0.1 (OpenSSL 1.1.1f 31 Mar 2020), cryptography 2.8, Platform Linux-5.8.0-43-generic-x86_64-with-glibc2.29
2021-02-26 21:55:53 [scrapy.utils.log] DEBUG: Using reactor: twisted.internet.epollreactor.EPollReactor
2021-02-26 21:55:53 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings:
{'BOT_NAME': 'ecommerce',
'DOWNLOAD_DELAY': 0.25,
'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'ecommerce.spiders',
'SPIDER_MODULES': ['ecommerce.spiders']}
2021-02-26 21:55:53 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet Password: 5dccfc3692d38bc5
2021-02-26 21:55:54 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
'scrapy.extensions.memusage.MemoryUsage',
'scrapy.extensions.feedexport.FeedExporter',
'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2021-02-26 21:55:54 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2021-02-26 21:55:54 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2021-02-26 21:55:54 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
[]
2021-02-26 21:55:54 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2021-02-26 21:55:54 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2021-02-26 21:55:54 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2021-02-26 21:55:56 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.HarveyNorman.com.au/> (referer: None)
2021-02-26 21:55:57 [scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite] DEBUG: Filtered offsite request to 'www.harveynorman.com.au': <GET https://www.harveynorman.com.au/computers-tablets/computers /laptops>
2021-02-26 21:55:57 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2021-02-26 21:55:57 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 223,
'downloader/request_count': 1,
'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1,
'downloader/response_bytes': 72967,
'downloader/response_count': 1,
'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
'elapsed_time_seconds': 3.584481,
'finish_reason': 'finished',
'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2021, 2, 26, 20, 55, 57, 930058),
'log_count/DEBUG': 2,
'log_count/INFO': 10,
'memusage/max': 54886400,
'memusage/startup': 54886400,
'offsite/domains': 1,
'offsite/filtered': 577,
'request_depth_max': 1,
'response_received_count': 1,
'scheduler/dequeued': 1,
'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,
'scheduler/enqueued': 1,
'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1,
'start_time': datetime.datetime(2021, 2, 26, 20, 55, 54, 345577)}
2021-02-26 21:55:57 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)
scrapydeproductionwarning:(“不推荐使用-t命令行选项,而赞成在输出URI中指定输出格式。有关详细信息,请参阅-o和-o选项的文档”。)
feed=来自cli的feed\进程\参数(
2021-02-26 21:55:53[scrapy.utils.log]信息:scrapy 2.4.1已启动(机器人程序:电子商务)
2021-02-26 21:55:53[scrapy.utils.log]信息:版本:lxml 4.6.2.0,libxml2.9.10,cssselect 1.1.0,parsel 1.6.0,w3lib 1.22.0,Twisted 20.3.0,Python 3.8.5(默认,2021年1月27日,15:41:15)-[GCC 9.3.0],pyOpenSSL 20.0.1(OpenSSL 1.1.1.1f 2020年3月31日),密码学2.8,平台Linux-5.8.8.0-43-generic-x86\u-bc2.29
2021-02-26 21:55:53[scrapy.utils.log]调试:使用reactor:twisted.internet.epollreactor.epollreactor
2021-02-26 21:55:53[刮屑爬虫]信息:覆盖设置:
{'BOT_NAME':'ecommerce',
“下载延迟”:0.25,
“NEWSPIDER_模块”:“电子商务蜘蛛”,
“SPIDER_模块”:['ecommerce.SPIDER']}
2021-02-26 21:55:53[scrapy.extensions.telnet]信息:telnet密码:5dccfc3692d38bc5
2021-02-26 21:55:54[scrapy.middleware]信息:启用的扩展:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.corestats',
'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
'scrapy.extensions.memusage.MemoryUsage',
'scrapy.extensions.feedexport.FeedExporter',
'scrapy.extensions.logstats.logstats']
2021-02-26 21:55:54[scrapy.middleware]信息:启用的下载程序中间件:
['scrapy.downloaderMiddleware.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddleware.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloaderMiddleware.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.retry.RetryMiddleware',
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
'scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
“scrapy.DownloaderMiddleware.cookies.CookiesMiddleware”,
'scrapy.downloadermiddleware.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddleware.stats.DownloaderStats']
2021-02-26 21:55:54[scrapy.middleware]信息:启用的蜘蛛中间件:
['scrapy.spidermiddleware.httperror.httperror中间件',
'刮皮.SpiderMiddleware.场外.场外Iddleware',
“scrapy.Spidermiddleware.referer.RefererMiddleware”,
'scrapy.spiderMiddleware.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddleware.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2021-02-26 21:55:54[scrapy.middleware]信息:启用的项目管道:
[]
2021-02-26 21:55:54[刮屑.堆芯.发动机]信息:十字轴已打开
2021-02-26 21:55:54[scrapy.extensions.logstats]信息:爬网0页(0页/分钟),爬网0项(0项/分钟)
2021-02-26 21:55:54[scrapy.extensions.telnet]信息:telnet控制台监听127.0.0.1:6023
2021-02-26 21:55:56[scrapy.core.engine]调试:爬网(200)(参考:无)
2021-02-26 21:55:57[scrapy.spidermiddleware.offsite]调试:过滤到“www.harveynorman.com.au”的非现场请求:
2021-02-26 21:55:57[刮屑芯发动机]信息:关闭卡盘(完成)
2021-02-26 21:55:57[scrapy.statscollectors]信息:转储scrapy统计信息:
{'downloader/request_bytes':223,
“下载程序/请求计数”:1,
“downloader/request\u method\u count/GET”:1,
“downloader/response_字节”:72967,
“下载程序/响应计数”:1,
“下载程序/响应状态\计数/200”:1,
“已用时间秒”:3.584481,
“完成原因”:“完成”,
“完成时间”:datetime.datetime(2021,2,26,20,55,57930058),
“日志计数/调试”:2,
“日志计数/信息”:10,
“memusage/max”:54886400,
“memusage/startup”:54886400,
“异地/域”:1,
“场外/过滤”:577,
“请求深度最大值”:1,
“响应\u已接收\u计数”:1,
“调度程序/出列”:1,
“调度程序/出列/内存”:1,
“调度程序/排队”:1,
“调度程序/排队/内存”:1,
“开始时间”:datetime.datetime(2021,2,26,20,55,54345577)}
2021-02-26 21:55:57[刮屑芯发动机]信息:十字轴关闭(完成)
有什么解决方案吗?您好,您的xpath是
/*[@id='wrapper']/div[2]/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/ul/li/li/a
你必须写/*[@id='wrapper']/div[2]/div[1]/div/div/ul/li/ul/ul/li/li/a/@href
因为scrapy不知道URL在哪里。我发现了问题:
输出行:
[scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite] DEBUG: Filtered offsite request to 'www.harveynorman.com.au': <GET https://www.harveynorman.com.au/computers-tablets/computers /laptops>
作者:
您好,您尝试过这个吗?因为我知道;restrict\u xpath指向元素,而不是属性。当我尝试添加/a/@href时,我得到以下错误:AttributeError:“str”对象没有属性“iter”。以下问题与我的回答相同:
allowed_domains = ['HarveyNorman.com.au']
allowed_domains = ['harveynorman.com.au']