python中的字母/单词猜测游戏

背景

我正在尝试用python编写一个基本的字母游戏。在游戏中，电脑主持人从可能出现的单词列表中选择一个单词。每个玩家（计算机AI和人类）都会看到一系列空格，单词的每个字母对应一个空格。然后，每位玩家猜测一个字母和一个位置，并被告知以下内容之一：

那封信应该放在那个位置（最好的结果） 那个字母在单词里，但不在那个位置 该字母不在任何剩余的空白处 当单词被完全显示时，猜对最多字母的玩家将获得一分。电脑主持人选择另一个单词，然后重新开始。第一个得五分的玩家赢得比赛。在基本游戏中，两个玩家共享他们正在填充的同一组空格，因此玩家可以从彼此的工作中受益

问题:

我现在正在研究计算机人工智能部分（代码的底部）。我想让它从尚未猜测的字母列表中随机选择一个字母。最好的方法是什么

import random

#set initial values
player1points= 0
ai= 0
userCorrectLetters= ''
aiCorrectLetters=''
wrongPlace=''
wrongLetters=''
correctLetters = ''
notInWord = ''
endGame = False
alreadyGuessed = 'a'
userGuessPosition = 0

###import wordlist, create mask
with open('/Users/jamyn/Documents/workspace/Lab3/Lab3/wordlist.txt') as wordList:
    secretWord = random.choice(wordList.readlines()).strip()

print (secretWord) 
mask = '_'  * len(secretWord)
for i in range (len(secretWord)):
    if secretWord[i] in correctLetters:
        mask = mask[:i] + secretWord[i] + mask [i+1:]
for letter in mask:
    print (letter, end='')
    print ()

print ()


def addAlreadyGuessed():
    alreadyGuessed= userCorrectLetters + aiCorrectLetters + wrongLetters + correctLetters

def displayGame():
    print ('letters are in word but not in correct location:', wrongPlace)
    print ('letters not in word:', notInWord)
    ##asks the user for a guess, assigns input to variable
def getUserGuess(alreadyGuessed):


    while True:
        print ('enter your letter')
        userGuess = input ()
        userGuess= userGuess.lower()
        if len(userGuess) != 1:
            print ('please enter only one letter')
        elif userGuess in alreadyGuessed:
            print ('that letter has already been guessed. try again')
        elif userGuess not in 'abcdefjhijklmnopqrstuvwxyz':
            print ('only letters are acceptable guesses. try again.')
        else:
            return userGuess

def newGame():
    print ('yay. that was great. do you want to play again? answer yes or no.')
    return input().lower().startswith('y')


userTurn=True     
while userTurn == True:
    print ('which character place would you like to guess. Enter number?')
    userGuessPosition = int(input())

    slice1 = userGuessPosition - 1  
    print (secretWord)  


    ##player types in letter
    guess = getUserGuess(wrongLetters + correctLetters)
    if guess== (secretWord[slice1:userGuessPosition]):
        correctLetters = correctLetters + guess
        print ('you got it right! ')
        break
    elif guess in secretWord:
            userCorrectLetters = userCorrectLetters + guess 
            correctLetters = correctLetters + guess
            print ('that letter is in the word, but not in that position')
            break
    else:
            wrongLetters = wrongLetters + guess
            print ('nope. that letter is not in the word')
            break

print ('its the computers turn')

aiTurn=True

while aiTurn == True:
    aiGuess=random.choice('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')
    print (aiGuess) 

---

使用pythons集合，保留一个包含所有26个字母的集合，以及一组猜测的字母，并只要求在较大集合中不在较大集合中的元素。。。然后从结果中随机选择

allletters = set(list('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'))
usedletters = set() # update this as you go
availletters = allletters.difference(usedletters) #s - t    new set with elements in s but not in t

要很好地打印布景，您可以

print sorted(availletters)

或

下面是一个简单的例子，来回答您对添加猜测的后续操作

allletters = set(list('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'))
usedletters = set() # update this as you go
while( len(usedletters) != len(allletters) ):
    guessedletter = raw_input("pick a letter")
    availletters = allletters.difference(usedletters)
    usedletters.update(guessedletter)

您也可以只列出一个列表，然后减去猜测的字母，例如：

allletters = set(list('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'))
while( len(usedletters) != len(allletters) ):
    guessedletter = raw_input("pick a letter")
    allletters.difference_update(guessedletter)

---

我需要弄清楚每次猜到的字母是单词的一部分时，如何从列表中对字母进行子跟踪。也就是说，以列表[abcdefghiklmnopqrstuvwxyz]开始，如果用户猜到一个“a”，那么列表将被修改为[bcdefg….等]。然后我应该能够使用random.choice让AI从这个列表中选择它的猜测。嗯。。。我遇到了一个错误--“set object不支持索引”，您建议我如何在执行过程中更新可用数字集？对，如果您想索引，您需要将其转换回列表。”列表（myset）“@John，什么样的可用数字集（你指的是什么变量？）。。。作为一般注释，您可以使用“.update”和“.difference\u update”作为就地操作从集合中添加或删除元素感谢您的帮助@pyInTheSky。我知道你将采用这种方法，但我似乎无法再使用random.choice从该列表中进行选择。。

allletters = set(list('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'))
while( len(usedletters) != len(allletters) ):
    guessedletter = raw_input("pick a letter")
    allletters.difference_update(guessedletter)