如何使用POST数据和Cookie发出Python HTTP请求？

我正在尝试用Python中的cookies编写HTTP POST

我有URL、POST数据和cookie的值

import urllib2
url="http://localhost/testing/posting.php"
data="subject=Alice-subject&addbbcode18=%23444444&addbbcode20=0&helpbox=Close+all+open+bbCode+tags&message=alice-body&poll_title=&add_poll_option_text=&poll_length=&mode=newtopic&sid=5b2e663a3d724cc873053e7ca0f59bd0&f=1&post=Submit"
cookie = "phpbb2mysql_data=a%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A11%3A%22autologinid%22%3Bs%3A0%3A%22%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22userid%22%3Bs%3A1%3A%223%22%3B%7D; phpbb2mysql_t=a%3A9%3A%7Bi%3A3%3Bi%3A1330156986%3Bi%3A1%3Bi%3A1330160737%3Bi%3A5%3Bi%3A1330161702%3Bi%3A6%3Bi%3A1330179284%3Bi%3A2%3Bi%3A1330160743%3Bi%3A7%3Bi%3A1330163187%3Bi%3A8%3Bi%3A1330164442%3Bi%3A9%3Bi%3A1330164739%3Bi%3A10%3Bi%3A1330176335%3B%7D; phpbb2mysql_sid=5b2e663a3d724cc873053e7ca0f59bd0"
#creating HTTP Req
req = urllib2.Request(url,data,cookie)

f = urllib2.urlopen(req)
print f.read()

但是，如果我尝试运行该程序，它会抛出一个错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "task-4.py", line 7, in <module>
    req = urllib2.Request(url,data,cookie)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py", line 197, in __init__
    for key, value in headers.items():
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'items'

回溯（最近一次呼叫最后一次）：
文件“task-4.py”，第7行，在
请求（url、数据、cookie）
文件“/usr/lib/python2.6/urllib2.py”，第197行，在__
对于键，标头中的值。项（）
AttributeError:“str”对象没有属性“items”

我有两个问题： 1.我的HTTP POST请求正确吗？（我已经能够在Java中正确地执行同样的事情，并且通过成功地发布到phpBB获得了HTTP 200，但是，我对Python是新手） 2.有人能给我举一个用POST数据和cookie处理HTTP POST的玩具例子吗

提前感谢,

---

Roy

您传递的第三个参数是标题，应该是字典。这应该可以

cookie = {"Cookie" : "phpbb2mysql_data=a%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A11%3A%22autologinid%22%3Bs%3A0%3A%22%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22userid%22%3Bs%3A1%3A%223%22%3B%7D; phpbb2mysql_t=a%3A9%3A%7Bi%3A3%3Bi%3A1330156986%3Bi%3A1%3Bi%3A1330160737%3Bi%3A5%3Bi%3A1330161702%3Bi%3A6%3Bi%3A1330179284%3Bi%3A2%3Bi%3A1330160743%3Bi%3A7%3Bi%3A1330163187%3Bi%3A8%3Bi%3A1330164442%3Bi%3A9%3Bi%3A1330164739%3Bi%3A10%3Bi%3A1330176335%3B%7D; phpbb2mysql_sid=5b2e663a3d724cc873053e7ca0f59bd0"}

我喜欢httplib：

from urlparse import urlparse
from httplib import HTTPConnection
url = "http://localhost/testing/posting.php"
data = "subject=Alice-subject&addbbcode18=%23444444&addbbcode20=0&helpbox=Close+all+open+bbCode+tags&message=alice-body&poll_title=&add_poll_option_text=&poll_length=&mode=newtopic&sid=5b2e663a3d724cc873053e7ca0f59bd0&f=1&post=Submit"
cookie = "phpbb2mysql_data=a%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A11%3A%22autologinid%22%3Bs%3A0%3A%22%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22userid%22%3Bs%3A1%3A%223%22%3B%7D; phpbb2mysql_t=a%3A9%3A%7Bi%3A3%3Bi%3A1330156986%3Bi%3A1%3Bi%3A1330160737%3Bi%3A5%3Bi%3A1330161702%3Bi%3A6%3Bi%3A1330179284%3Bi%3A2%3Bi%3A1330160743%3Bi%3A7%3Bi%3A1330163187%3Bi%3A8%3Bi%3A1330164442%3Bi%3A9%3Bi%3A1330164739%3Bi%3A10%3Bi%3A1330176335%3B%7D; phpbb2mysql_sid=5b2e663a3d724cc873053e7ca0f59bd0"
urlparts = urlparse(url)
conn = HTTPConnection(urlparts.netloc, urlparts.port or 80)
conn.request("POST", urlparts.path, data, {'Cookie': cookie})
resp = conn.getresponse()
body = resp.read()

不是真的。该错误是因为urllib2库试图迭代您提供给它的

cookie

字符串的项。尝试使用：

请看，但您最好的参考仍然是真正的，但是的，与一些较新的库相比，它是一个棘手（但功能强大）的库

您可以尝试请求，这样在处理HTTP查询时会更轻松

import requests
url="http://localhost/testing/posting.php"
data= {
    'subject': 'Alice-subject',
    'addbbcode18': '%23444444',
    'addbbcode20': '0',
    'helpbox': 'Close all open bbCode tags',
    'message': 'alice-body',
    'poll_title': '',
    'add_poll_option_text': '',
    'poll_length': '',
    'mode': 'newtopic',
    'sid': '5b2e663a3d724cc873053e7ca0f59bd0',
    'f': '1',
    'post': 'Submit',
    }
 cookies = {'phpbb2mysql_data': 'a%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A11%3A%22autologinid%22%3Bs%3A0%3A%22%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22userid%22%3Bs%3A1%3A%223%22%3B%7D',
    'phpbb2mysql_t': 'a%3A9%3A%7Bi%3A3%3Bi%3A1330156986%3Bi%3A1%3Bi%3A1330160737%3Bi%3A5%3Bi%3A1330161702%3Bi%3A6%3Bi%3A1330179284%3Bi%3A2%3Bi%3A1330160743%3Bi%3A7%3Bi%3A1330163187%3Bi%3A8%3Bi%3A1330164442%3Bi%3A9%3Bi%3A1330164739%3Bi%3A10%3Bi%3A1330176335%3B%7D', 
    'phpbb2mysql_sid': '5b2e663a3d724cc873053e7ca0f59bd0',
    }
print requests.get(url, data=data, cookies=cookies).text

---

hm，这里似乎有点不正常。。。问题是关于POST的，答案是这样的。。。。

import requests
url="http://localhost/testing/posting.php"
data= {
    'subject': 'Alice-subject',
    'addbbcode18': '%23444444',
    'addbbcode20': '0',
    'helpbox': 'Close all open bbCode tags',
    'message': 'alice-body',
    'poll_title': '',
    'add_poll_option_text': '',
    'poll_length': '',
    'mode': 'newtopic',
    'sid': '5b2e663a3d724cc873053e7ca0f59bd0',
    'f': '1',
    'post': 'Submit',
    }
 cookies = {'phpbb2mysql_data': 'a%3A2%3A%7Bs%3A11%3A%22autologinid%22%3Bs%3A0%3A%22%22%3Bs%3A6%3A%22userid%22%3Bs%3A1%3A%223%22%3B%7D',
    'phpbb2mysql_t': 'a%3A9%3A%7Bi%3A3%3Bi%3A1330156986%3Bi%3A1%3Bi%3A1330160737%3Bi%3A5%3Bi%3A1330161702%3Bi%3A6%3Bi%3A1330179284%3Bi%3A2%3Bi%3A1330160743%3Bi%3A7%3Bi%3A1330163187%3Bi%3A8%3Bi%3A1330164442%3Bi%3A9%3Bi%3A1330164739%3Bi%3A10%3Bi%3A1330176335%3B%7D', 
    'phpbb2mysql_sid': '5b2e663a3d724cc873053e7ca0f59bd0',
    }
print requests.get(url, data=data, cookies=cookies).text