Python 用于分词的正则表达式-将单词拆分为语素或词缀

我试图在将一个单词分割成后缀和前缀（即语素或词缀）等成分后得到一个列表

我尝试过使用正则表达式，使用

re.findall

函数。
（如下所示）

但是，我需要包含它不匹配的部分。例如，上述示例需要输出：

['di'，'meth'，'yl'，'amin0'，'eth'，'an'，'ol']

有人知道如何提取列表中的这些段吗？

您可以使用捕获“分隔符”：

这里的列表理解是过滤空字符串匹配项

import re

affixes = ['meth','eth','ketone', 'di', 'chloro', 'yl', 'ol']
word = 'dimethylamin0ethanol'

# found = ['amin0', 'an', 'di', 'meth', 'yl', 'eth', 'ol']
found = re.findall('|'.join(affixes), word)

# not_found = [('', 'di'), ('', 'meth'), ('', 'yl'), ('amin0', 'eth'), ('an', 'ol')] 
not_found = re.findall(r'(.*?)(' + '|'.join(affixes) + ')', word)

# We need to modify extract the first item out of each tuple in not_found 
# ONLY when it does not equal "".
all_items = map(lambda x: x[0], filter(lambda x: x[0] != "", not_found)) + found

print all_items
# all_items = ['amin0', 'an', 'di', 'meth', 'yl', 'eth', 'ol']

假设：您的最终列表不需要特定的顺序

In [1]: import re

In [2]: affixes = ['meth', 'eth', 'ketone', 'di', 'chloro', 'yl', 'ol']

In [3]: word = 'dimethylamin0ethanol'

In [4]: [match for match in re.split('(' + '|'.join(affixes) + ')', word) if match]
Out[4]: ['di', 'meth', 'yl', 'amin0', 'eth', 'an', 'ol']

import re

affixes = ['meth','eth','ketone', 'di', 'chloro', 'yl', 'ol']
word = 'dimethylamin0ethanol'

# found = ['amin0', 'an', 'di', 'meth', 'yl', 'eth', 'ol']
found = re.findall('|'.join(affixes), word)

# not_found = [('', 'di'), ('', 'meth'), ('', 'yl'), ('amin0', 'eth'), ('an', 'ol')] 
not_found = re.findall(r'(.*?)(' + '|'.join(affixes) + ')', word)

# We need to modify extract the first item out of each tuple in not_found 
# ONLY when it does not equal "".
all_items = map(lambda x: x[0], filter(lambda x: x[0] != "", not_found)) + found

print all_items
# all_items = ['amin0', 'an', 'di', 'meth', 'yl', 'eth', 'ol']